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IATA DGR (Air) practice questions

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Question 1Dangerous Goods Regulations - General Provisions, Limitations and Classification

Under the IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations, which publication forms the legal basis that the DGR themselves are built upon?

  1. The ICAO Technical Instructions for the Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air Correct answer.
  2. The IMDG Code issued by the International Maritime Organization
  3. The European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road
  4. The United Nations Model Regulations on a stand-alone basis

Explanation

The IATA DGR are derived from and supplement the ICAO Technical Instructions, which are the international Standards and Recommended Practices binding on Contracting States under the Chicago Convention. The DGR add operator and industry requirements on top of that legal foundation.

Question 2Dangerous Goods Regulations - General Provisions, Limitations and Classification

Which body publishes the IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations and the associated Dangerous Goods Training Programme?

  1. The International Maritime Organization
  2. The International Air Transport Association Correct answer.
  3. The International Atomic Energy Agency
  4. The International Civil Aviation Organization

Explanation

IATA, the airline trade association, produces the DGR and the related training and competency material used by operators and shippers. ICAO produces the Technical Instructions, which IATA incorporates and extends.

Question 3Dangerous Goods Regulations - General Provisions, Limitations and Classification

In the IATA DGR, what does the term "operator" mean?

  1. The authority that issues the State's approval certificates
  2. The person or organisation that undertakes to carry goods by air Correct answer.
  3. The person who offers goods for carriage and prepares the documentation
  4. The person who physically packs the consignment at the warehouse

Explanation

The operator is the party that actually performs the air carriage and therefore holds the responsibilities for acceptance, loading and notification. The shipper is the separate party that offers the goods and prepares the paperwork.

Question 4Dangerous Goods Regulations - General Provisions, Limitations and Classification

Which of the following best describes the meaning of "dangerous goods" as used in the IATA DGR?

  1. Articles or substances capable of posing a risk to health, safety, property or the environment and shown in the DGR list or classified to the criteria Correct answer.
  2. Only substances that are flammable liquids at ambient temperature
  3. Materials that are radioactive and therefore subject to national law only
  4. Any cargo that the shipper declares to be fragile or high value

Explanation

The definition covers articles and substances meeting the classification criteria or named in the dangerous goods list, and it is not limited to one hazard class. The risk may be to health, safety, property or the environment.

Question 5Dangerous Goods Regulations - General Provisions, Limitations and Classification

What is the purpose of the "Dangerous Goods in Excepted Quantities" provisions in the DGR?

  1. To allow dangerous goods to be carried as checked baggage by passengers
  2. To permit unlimited quantities of low-hazard goods without marking
  3. To exempt any quantity of dangerous goods from all documentation
  4. To allow small inner packagings of certain dangerous goods to be carried with reduced requirements Correct answer.

Explanation

Excepted quantities permit limited quantities per inner and outer packaging, subject to specific packaging, marking and documentation reliefs. The relief is partial, and the applicable quantity limits must still be respected.

Question 6Dangerous Goods Regulations - General Provisions, Limitations and Classification

Which hazard class in the DGR covers substances that may cause serious injury if swallowed, inhaled or absorbed through the skin?

  1. Class 5, Oxidizing Substances and Organic Peroxides
  2. Class 3, Flammable Liquids
  3. Class 6, Toxic and Infectious Substances Correct answer.
  4. Class 8, Corrosives

Explanation

Class 6 covers toxic substances that can cause serious injury or death through ingestion, inhalation or skin contact, together with infectious substances. The other classes listed describe different primary hazards.

Question 7Dangerous Goods Regulations - General Provisions, Limitations and Classification

A shipment contains a substance that is not named in the dangerous goods list but meets the criteria for a hazard class. How should it be handled?

  1. It must be classified under the appropriate generic or n.o.s. entry Correct answer.
  2. It must be refused because only listed substances are regulated
  3. It must be reclassified into Class 9 regardless of its properties
  4. It may be carried as general cargo because it is not listed

Explanation

The dangerous goods list is not exhaustive; substances meeting the classification criteria are regulated even when not specifically named. They are assigned to an appropriate generic or not otherwise specified entry that reflects the hazard.

Question 8Dangerous Goods Regulations - General Provisions, Limitations and Classification

What does the term "UN number" identify in a dangerous goods description?

  1. The total quantity of the consignment in kilograms
  2. The packing group assigned to the substance
  3. The approval reference issued by the State of origin
  4. A four-digit number assigned to a substance or article for identification in transport Correct answer.

Explanation

The UN number is a four-digit identifier allocated to a specific substance or article and used consistently across the modal regulations. It appears in the proper shipping name entry and on the documentation and markings.

Question 9Dangerous Goods Regulations - General Provisions, Limitations and Classification

A shipper offers a consignment of a Class 3 flammable liquid whose packing group is I. Which statement about the packing group is correct?

  1. Packing group I means the substance is forbidden for air transport
  2. Packing group I denotes the least dangerous substances in the class
  3. Packing group I denotes the greatest degree of danger within the class Correct answer.
  4. Packing group I applies only to radioactive material

Explanation

Within classes that use packing groups, I represents the highest hazard, II medium and III the lowest. The group influences the packaging performance level required.

Question 10Dangerous Goods Regulations - General Provisions, Limitations and Classification

A substance is listed in the DGR with a passenger aircraft limit of "Forbidden" and a cargo aircraft limit of 25 kg. What does this mean for the shipper?

  1. The substance is forbidden on all aircraft without exception
  2. The substance may travel as passenger carry-on baggage
  3. The consignment may travel only on cargo aircraft within the stated limit Correct answer.
  4. The consignment may travel on passenger aircraft if the quantity is reduced

Explanation

The limits table sets separate maximum net quantities for passenger and cargo aircraft. Where the passenger column shows forbidden, the goods may be carried only on cargo aircraft, up to the cargo limit.

Question 11Dangerous Goods Regulations - General Provisions, Limitations and Classification

Which of the following is a State or operator variation that a shipper must check before offering a consignment?

  1. A State variation that forbids the carriage of a particular substance through its territory Correct answer.
  2. The airline's frequent flyer programme rules
  3. The consignee's preferred delivery time window
  4. The currency used for the freight invoice

Explanation

States and operators publish variations that add to or differ from the DGR, and these can restrict or forbid specific goods. The shipper must check the variations applicable to the routing and the operator before dispatch.

Question 12Dangerous Goods Regulations - General Provisions, Limitations and Classification

A shipper wants to send a small lithium battery powered device. Which statement reflects the DGR approach to such articles?

  1. They are regulated under the lithium battery provisions even though the device is not otherwise dangerous Correct answer.
  2. They are unregulated because the battery is inside a finished device
  3. They are regulated only if the battery exceeds 100 Wh
  4. They may be carried only with a State approval for every shipment

Explanation

Lithium cells and batteries, including those contained in equipment, are subject to specific provisions covering watt-hour limits, state of charge, marking and documentation. The fact that the battery is installed in a device does not remove it from regulation.

Question 13Dangerous Goods Regulations - General Provisions, Limitations and Classification

What is the role of the "competent authority" in the DGR framework?

  1. The airline's cargo manager who signs the acceptance checklist
  2. The manufacturer who certifies the packaging performance
  3. The freight forwarder who consolidates the shipment
  4. A designated authority in a State that grants approvals and exemptions under the regulations Correct answer.

Explanation

Competent authorities are the national bodies designated to administer the regulations, including granting approvals, exemptions and special provisions. Operators and shippers interact with them for matters beyond routine compliance.

Question 14Dangerous Goods Regulations - General Provisions, Limitations and Classification

Which document normally accompanies a consignment of dangerous goods and contains the certified declaration signed by the shipper?

  1. The packing list issued by the forwarder
  2. The air waybill only
  3. The Shipper's Declaration for Dangerous Goods Correct answer.
  4. The certificate of origin

Explanation

The Shipper's Declaration is the document on which the shipper certifies that the consignment has been prepared in accordance with the DGR. It carries the full dangerous goods description and the signature of a trained person.

Question 15Dangerous Goods Regulations - General Provisions, Limitations and Classification

A package of dangerous goods shows the proper shipping name and UN number but the shipper has not applied the required hazard label. What is the consequence at acceptance?

  1. The operator should reject the package until the marking and labelling requirements are met Correct answer.
  2. The package may be accepted if the declaration is correct
  3. The omission is acceptable for cargo aircraft only
  4. The label can be added by the operator at the ramp

Explanation

Marking and labelling are mandatory elements of the consignment, and acceptance staff must verify them against the declaration. A package missing a required hazard label should not be accepted until the deficiency is corrected.

Question 16Dangerous Goods Regulations - General Provisions, Limitations and Classification

What distinguishes a "Dangerous Goods in Limited Quantities" shipment from an excepted quantities shipment?

  1. Limited quantities permit any quantity as long as the package is strong
  2. Limited quantities are exempt from all marking requirements
  3. Limited quantities apply only to Class 7 material
  4. Limited quantities allow larger inner packaging limits but still require the dangerous goods declaration Correct answer.

Explanation

Limited quantities use higher per-package limits than excepted quantities but remain subject to specified packaging, marking and documentation, including a declaration. Excepted quantities offer deeper relief at much smaller limits.

Question 17Dangerous Goods Regulations - General Provisions, Limitations and Classification

A consignment contains a substance with a subsidiary risk of Class 8 in addition to its primary Class 3 hazard. How is this reflected in the documentation?

  1. The substance must be reclassified into Class 8 as the primary hazard
  2. The subsidiary risk is shown as an additional class number in the dangerous goods description Correct answer.
  3. The subsidiary risk is ignored because only the primary class is declared
  4. The subsidiary risk is shown only on the package label, never on the declaration

Explanation

Where a substance has a subsidiary hazard, the additional class number is included in the dangerous goods description on the declaration. The package also carries the corresponding subsidiary risk label.

Question 18Dangerous Goods Regulations - General Provisions, Limitations and Classification

Which statement about the carriage of dangerous goods by passengers and crew is correct?

  1. Passengers may carry dangerous goods if the package bears a hazard label
  2. All dangerous goods are prohibited in both carry-on and checked baggage
  3. Passengers may carry any dangerous goods provided they inform the crew
  4. Certain articles may be carried in baggage only under the specific provisions and quantity limits of the DGR Correct answer.

Explanation

The DGR contain a dedicated table of articles permitted for passengers and crew, with conditions on where they may be carried and in what quantity. Anything outside those provisions is prohibited.

Question 19Dangerous Goods Regulations - General Provisions, Limitations and Classification

An operator's variation states that a particular UN number is forbidden on its services. What is the shipper's obligation?

  1. Apply the variation only to transit States, not the operator
  2. Comply with the more restrictive operator variation for that shipment Correct answer.
  3. Ignore the variation if the State of origin permits the goods
  4. Follow only the DGR limits table because variations are advisory

Explanation

Operator variations are binding conditions of carriage for that operator and may be more restrictive than the DGR. Where a variation forbids the goods, the shipment cannot be tendered to that operator.

Question 20Dangerous Goods Regulations - General Provisions, Limitations and Classification

A shipper is unsure whether a new chemical meets the criteria for Class 4. Which approach is consistent with the DGR classification principles?

  1. Assign Class 9 by default whenever the hazard is uncertain
  2. Carry the substance as general cargo until a UN entry is created
  3. Rely on the supplier's safety data sheet section 14 alone without verification
  4. Apply the class definitions and test criteria, then assign the entry and packing group that the results support Correct answer.

Explanation

Classification is determined by applying the class definitions and test criteria in the DGR, which then point to the appropriate entry and packing group. The safety data sheet is a useful input but not the sole authority.

Question 21Dangerous Goods Regulations - General Provisions, Limitations and Classification

Two substances are individually non-dangerous but are packed together and may react to produce a toxic gas. How should the shipper treat this consignment?

  1. The consignment is acceptable because the reaction only occurs over time
  2. The combination must be assessed for reactivity and segregated or refused if a hazard arises Correct answer.
  3. The consignment is acceptable because neither substance is individually regulated
  4. The consignment is acceptable if each item is in a separate inner packaging

Explanation

The DGR require consideration of whether goods may react dangerously when combined, and incompatible substances must be segregated. If the mixture could generate a toxic gas, the combination cannot be carried as offered.

Question 22Dangerous Goods Regulations - General Provisions, Limitations and Classification

A shipper declares a consignment under a generic n.o.s. entry. Which statement about the technical name requirement is correct?

  1. The technical name is required only for Class 1 explosives
  2. The technical name replaces the UN number on the declaration
  3. The technical name of the substance must be shown in brackets after the n.o.s. entry in the description Correct answer.
  4. The technical name may be withheld to protect commercial confidentiality in all cases

Explanation

For n.o.s. and generic entries the DGR require the recognised chemical or technical name to be added in parentheses so that the specific hazard is identifiable. Confidentiality may be addressed only through the limited provisions the regulations allow.

Question 23Dangerous Goods Regulations - General Provisions, Limitations and Classification

A consignment is offered under an exemption granted by a competent authority. What must accompany the shipment?

  1. A certificate of origin referencing the exemption number
  2. A copy of the exemption or approval document as specified by the authority Correct answer.
  3. Only a verbal confirmation from the forwarder
  4. A standard shipper's declaration with no reference to the exemption

Explanation

Where an exemption or approval is relied upon, the authorising document or its details must accompany the consignment as the regulations require. The shipment must also comply with any conditions stated in that document.

Question 24Dangerous Goods Regulations - General Provisions, Limitations and Classification

An operator is assessing whether a shipment of infectious substances may be loaded near live animals. Which principle applies?

  1. Segregation requirements must be applied so that incompatible or hazardous proximity is avoided Correct answer.
  2. Loading position is left entirely to the flight crew's discretion
  3. Proximity is acceptable because the infectious substance is fully packaged
  4. Segregation applies only to radioactive material

Explanation

The DGR set segregation requirements that prevent dangerous goods from being stowed where they could adversely affect other cargo, animals or foodstuffs. These requirements apply irrespective of the integrity of the packaging.

Question 25Dangerous Goods Regulations - General Provisions, Limitations and Classification

A shipper proposes to use a packaging that has been tested to the correct packing group but has been previously used and shows dents. What is the correct position?

  1. Reuse is permitted only for Class 9 substances
  2. Dents are acceptable if the closure still seals
  3. Previous use is irrelevant provided the test certificate exists
  4. The packaging must be in good condition and free from damage before it can be used Correct answer.

Explanation

Packagings must be in good condition, free from damage, and capable of passing the required tests when offered for carriage. A test certificate for the design does not excuse a damaged individual packaging.

Question 26Dangerous Goods Regulations - General Provisions, Limitations and Classification

Under the IATA DGR, which body publishes the Regulations that govern the international air transport of dangerous goods?

  1. The United Nations Security Council
  2. The International Air Transport Association Correct answer.
  3. The World Customs Organization
  4. The International Maritime Organization

Explanation

The IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations are produced and issued by IATA, the airline trade association, and are revised annually. They are based on the ICAO Technical Instructions but adapted for commercial airline operations. The IMO and WCO deal with sea transport and customs classification respectively, not air dangerous goods rules.

Question 27Dangerous Goods Regulations - General Provisions, Limitations and Classification

In the DGR, what is the primary purpose of assigning a substance to a packing group?

  1. To indicate the degree of danger the substance presents during transport Correct answer.
  2. To determine the commercial value of the consignment
  3. To record the shelf life of the material being shipped
  4. To specify the country where the substance was manufactured

Explanation

Packing groups reflect the relative degree of danger within a hazard class, with I being greatest danger and III the least. They drive the performance level required of packagings and influence quantity limits. They have nothing to do with origin, value or shelf life.

Question 28Dangerous Goods Regulations - General Provisions, Limitations and Classification

Which of the following best describes a "dangerous goods" under the DGR?

  1. Any shipment that must travel on a freighter rather than a passenger aircraft
  2. Any item whose transport requires a commercial invoice
  3. Any cargo that exceeds the free baggage allowance of a passenger
  4. An article or substance capable of posing a risk to health, safety, property or the environment Correct answer.

Explanation

The DGR defines dangerous goods by their capacity to endanger health, safety, property or the environment during transport. The definition is hazard-based, not documentation-based or aircraft-based. Items are classified by testing against class criteria rather than by commercial or baggage considerations.

Question 29Dangerous Goods Regulations - General Provisions, Limitations and Classification

Which hazard class in the DGR covers substances that are liable to spontaneous heating or to heating on contact with water?

  1. Class 7
  2. Class 4 Correct answer.
  3. Class 2
  4. Class 6

Explanation

Class 4 covers flammable solids, substances liable to spontaneous combustion, and substances that emit flammable gases when wet. Class 2 covers gases, Class 6 toxic and infectious substances, and Class 7 radioactive material. Recognising which class a hazard falls under is the first step in classification.

Question 30Dangerous Goods Regulations - General Provisions, Limitations and Classification

What does the packing instruction referenced in the dangerous goods list tell a shipper?

  1. The route the aircraft must fly to the destination
  2. The packaging types and quantities permitted for that UN number Correct answer.
  3. The currency in which freight charges must be paid
  4. The name of the competent authority that approved the substance

Explanation

Packing instructions set out which packagings may be used, any special packing requirements, and the maximum quantity per package. They are linked to the specific UN number and to the passenger or cargo aircraft limit. They do not govern routing, authority approval or payment.

Question 31Dangerous Goods Regulations - General Provisions, Limitations and Classification

Which statement correctly describes the "excepted quantities" concept in the DGR?

  1. Very small quantities may be carried under relaxed requirements provided the limits and packaging rules are met Correct answer.
  2. Any quantity may be carried without restriction if the shipper signs a waiver
  3. Excepted quantities remove the need to classify the substance at all
  4. Excepted quantities are only available for radioactive material

Explanation

Excepted quantities allow very small inner packaging amounts to travel with reduced documentation, marking and labelling, subject to strict quantity limits and packaging performance. The substance must still be classified and assigned to a UN number. A shipper cannot create an exception by signing a waiver.

Question 32Dangerous Goods Regulations - General Provisions, Limitations and Classification

What is the function of the dangerous goods list (the blue pages) in the DGR?

  1. It lists each UN number with its proper shipping name, class, packing group and aircraft limits Correct answer.
  2. It lists the names of approved freight forwarders by country
  3. It lists the penalties applied for misdeclaration
  4. It lists the airports that accept dangerous goods

Explanation

The dangerous goods list is the central table that ties each UN number to its proper shipping name, class, subsidiary risks, packing group, packing instructions and quantity limits. Shippers use it to build the transport document entry. It does not cover forwarders, airports or penalties.

Question 33Dangerous Goods Regulations - General Provisions, Limitations and Classification

Which statement about the training requirement in the DGR is correct?

  1. Only the aircraft captain needs dangerous goods training
  2. Training is optional if the shipper has shipped the same goods for years
  3. Training is required only for radioactive consignments
  4. Personnel involved in preparing or handling dangerous goods must be trained and their competence reassessed at intervals Correct answer.

Explanation

The DGR requires shippers, packers, handlers and acceptance staff to be trained to a level matching their duties, with recurrent reassessment. The obligation applies broadly to anyone whose work affects a dangerous goods shipment. Experience alone does not replace formal training.

Question 34Dangerous Goods Regulations - General Provisions, Limitations and Classification

A consignment holds a Class 3 liquid whose packing group is II. Which statement about the quantity limits is correct?

  1. The quantity is set by the airline's ticket price for the shipment
  2. The maximum quantity per package depends on the packing instruction for that UN number and aircraft type Correct answer.
  3. The quantity is unlimited because packing group II is moderately dangerous
  4. The quantity limit is the same for all Class 3 substances regardless of UN number

Explanation

Quantity limits are read from the dangerous goods list and the corresponding packing instruction, and they differ between passenger and cargo aircraft. Packing group II does not mean unlimited carriage. Limits are substance-specific, not set by price.

Question 35Dangerous Goods Regulations - General Provisions, Limitations and Classification

A substance appears in the dangerous goods list with the entry "Forbidden" for passenger aircraft and a 50 kg limit for cargo aircraft. What does this mean for a shipper?

  1. The substance may travel on passenger aircraft if the pilot agrees
  2. The substance may travel only on cargo aircraft, within the stated limit and packing instruction Correct answer.
  3. The substance may never be carried by air under any circumstances
  4. The substance may travel on passenger aircraft in quantities below 50 kg

Explanation

A "Forbidden" entry in the passenger column means the substance cannot be carried on passenger aircraft at all, while the cargo column gives the permitted limit. The cargo carriage must still follow the relevant packing instruction and documentation. Pilot agreement cannot override the forbidden status.

Question 36Dangerous Goods Regulations - General Provisions, Limitations and Classification

A shipper offers a consignment under a UN number whose proper shipping name is a generic "n.o.s." entry. What is normally required in addition to the proper shipping name?

  1. The date the substance was manufactured
  2. The name of the airline handling the cargo
  3. The trade name of the manufacturer only
  4. The technical name of the substance shown in parentheses Correct answer.

Explanation

Generic n.o.s. entries must be supplemented by the technical or chemical name of the substance, shown in parentheses after the proper shipping name. This allows responders to identify the actual hazard. Trade names, carrier names and manufacture dates do not satisfy this requirement.

Question 37Dangerous Goods Regulations - General Provisions, Limitations and Classification

A shipper is classifying a new chemical and cannot find it named in the dangerous goods list. What is the correct DGR approach?

  1. Ship it without declaration because unlisted substances are unregulated
  2. Ask the airline to choose a UN number for it
  3. Determine whether it meets any class criteria, then assign the appropriate generic or n.o.s. entry Correct answer.
  4. Assign it to Class 9 automatically because it is unlisted

Explanation

Unlisted substances must be tested or assessed against the classification criteria for each class. If criteria are met, the substance is assigned to the most specific generic or n.o.s. entry available. Being unlisted does not make a substance unregulated, and the airline does not classify cargo for the shipper.

Question 38Dangerous Goods Regulations - General Provisions, Limitations and Classification

Two otherwise non-dangerous materials are packed together and could react to produce a toxic gas. How should the shipper treat the combination?

  1. As non-dangerous, because neither item individually meets class criteria
  2. As dangerous goods only if the gas is actually released during transport
  3. As non-dangerous if each item is under one kilogram
  4. As dangerous goods, because the combination itself creates a hazard Correct answer.

Explanation

The DGR requires consideration of hazards that arise from the combination of articles or substances in a package. If a reaction could generate a dangerous gas, the combination must be treated as dangerous goods. Individual non-dangerous status does not override the combined hazard, and weight thresholds do not remove it.

Question 39Dangerous Goods Regulations - General Provisions, Limitations and Classification

A consignment travels under a competent authority exemption. What must accompany the shipment?

  1. A standard air waybill with no special notation
  2. A letter from the manufacturer describing the product
  3. A copy of the exemption document showing its conditions and validity Correct answer.
  4. Only a verbal confirmation from the shipper

Explanation

An exemption is valid only within the terms granted by the competent authority, and a copy of the exemption document must travel with the consignment. It defines the conditions, quantities and validity period. Verbal confirmation or a manufacturer letter is not a substitute.

Question 40Dangerous Goods Regulations - General Provisions, Limitations and Classification

Which of the following is an example of a State variation that a shipper must consider?

  1. A manufacturer changing the colour of its packaging
  2. A forwarder changing its office address
  3. An airline changing its frequent flyer programme
  4. A country requiring prior notification before dangerous goods enter its territory Correct answer.

Explanation

State variations are differences published by individual countries that add to or differ from the base DGR requirements. Prior notification requirements are a typical example. Commercial changes such as packaging colour, loyalty programmes or office addresses are not variations.

Question 41Dangerous Goods Regulations - General Provisions, Limitations and Classification

A shipper wants to offer a consignment of a substance with a primary Class 6.1 hazard and a subsidiary Class 8 risk. How should the subsidiary risk be reflected?

  1. The subsidiary risk must be shown in the transport document and reflected in labelling Correct answer.
  2. The subsidiary risk is ignored once the primary class is declared
  3. The subsidiary risk is recorded only if the customer requests it
  4. The subsidiary risk replaces the primary class on the label

Explanation

Subsidiary risks are part of the classification and must be declared in the transport document and shown on the package through the appropriate subsidiary risk label. The primary hazard remains the main classification. Subsidiary risks are not optional or customer-driven.

Question 42Dangerous Goods Regulations - General Provisions, Limitations and Classification

An operator's variation states that a particular UN number is not accepted on its services. What must a shipper do?

  1. Use a different proper shipping name for the same substance
  2. Offer the shipment anyway and let the operator decide at acceptance
  3. Remove the UN number from the transport document
  4. Avoid offering that UN number to that operator and check variations before shipping Correct answer.

Explanation

Operator variations are binding restrictions published by individual airlines, and shippers must check them before offering cargo. If a UN number is excluded, the shipment cannot be tendered to that operator. Changing the name or omitting the UN number would be a misdeclaration.

Question 43Dangerous Goods Regulations - General Provisions, Limitations and Classification

Which statement about dangerous goods carried by passengers or crew is correct?

  1. Passengers may carry any dangerous goods if they inform the check-in agent
  2. Only the items and limits specifically permitted in the DGR may be carried Correct answer.
  3. Crew members are exempt from all dangerous goods restrictions
  4. Passengers may carry spare lithium batteries of any size in checked baggage

Explanation

The DGR contains a specific list of dangerous goods that passengers and crew may carry, with quantity limits and conditions for carry-on or checked baggage. Items outside that list are prohibited. Informing staff does not create permission, and crew are not exempt.

Question 44Dangerous Goods Regulations - General Provisions, Limitations and Classification

A shipper is unsure whether a substance is infectious. Which approach is consistent with the DGR classification process?

  1. Apply the Class 6.2 criteria and any relevant categorisation to decide the correct entry Correct answer.
  2. Classify it as non-dangerous until a case of illness is reported
  3. Assign it to Class 3 because it is a liquid
  4. Wait for the airline to test the substance at the airport

Explanation

Infectious substances are classified by applying the Class 6.2 criteria, including the categorisation of substances known or reasonably expected to contain pathogens. The shipper is responsible for this assessment before offering the goods. Airlines do not test and classify cargo on the shipper's behalf.

Question 45Dangerous Goods Regulations - General Provisions, Limitations and Classification

How does the DGR treat an article that contains a small lithium battery and is capable of generating heat during transport?

  1. It must be classified as Class 1 explosive
  2. It may be carried as ordinary cargo if the heat is below body temperature
  3. It is always unregulated because the battery is small
  4. It may be classified under a specific UN entry and carried only if the applicable conditions are met Correct answer.

Explanation

Lithium battery powered articles have specific UN entries, and additional conditions apply where the article can generate excessive heat. The shipper must confirm the article meets the applicable entry and packing requirements. Small battery size or mild heat does not make the article unregulated.

Question 46Dangerous Goods Regulations - General Provisions, Limitations and Classification

A shipper intends to use a packaging already tested to the correct packing group, but it shows damage from previous use. What is the correct action?

  1. Do not use the damaged packaging; it must be in condition to perform as tested Correct answer.
  2. Use it because the original test certificate is still valid
  3. Use it but add extra tape around the damaged area
  4. Use it only if the consignment is under ten kilograms

Explanation

Packagings must be in good condition and free from damage that could affect their performance before each use. A past test certificate does not cover a damaged unit. Repairs with tape do not restore tested performance, and weight does not excuse the condition requirement.

Question 47Dangerous Goods Regulations - General Provisions, Limitations and Classification

A shipper combines a Class 8 corrosive with a Class 4.3 water-reactive substance in one outer packaging. What does the DGR require the shipper to consider first?

  1. Whether the substances may react dangerously together and therefore must be segregated Correct answer.
  2. Whether the combined weight exceeds the air waybill limit
  3. Whether the outer packaging is printed with the company logo
  4. Whether the customer prefers a particular label colour

Explanation

Before packing goods together, the shipper must check whether a dangerous reaction could occur between them. Water-reactive material and corrosive liquids may interact, so segregation or separate packaging may be required. Weight, label colour and branding are not the governing safety consideration.

Question 48Dangerous Goods Regulations - General Provisions, Limitations and Classification

A consignment of toxic material is to be loaded on an aircraft that also carries live animals. Which principle applies?

  1. Live animals take priority and the toxic material must always be offloaded
  2. Segregation applies only to radioactive material
  3. Segregation is unnecessary if the toxic material is in a sealed inner packaging
  4. Toxic and infectious substances must be segregated from live animals to prevent harm Correct answer.

Explanation

The DGR loading rules require separation of toxic and infectious substances from live animals, foodstuffs and similar cargo. Sealed inner packaging does not remove the requirement because outer packaging can be damaged in handling. The rule is not limited to radioactive material, and animals do not automatically displace other cargo.

Question 49Dangerous Goods Regulations - General Provisions, Limitations and Classification

A consignment is described only by its trade name and the shipper argues that the proper shipping name is unnecessary because the trade name is well known. How should this be assessed?

  1. The trade name is acceptable if the airline recognises the product
  2. The trade name is acceptable when the quantity is small
  3. The proper shipping name from the dangerous goods list is mandatory and a trade name cannot replace it Correct answer.
  4. The trade name is acceptable if it appears on the safety data sheet

Explanation

The transport document must show the proper shipping name exactly as it appears in the dangerous goods list, alongside the UN number, class and packing group. Trade names are not recognised shipping descriptions. Safety data sheets, airline familiarity and small quantities do not change this requirement.

Question 50Dangerous Goods Regulations - General Provisions, Limitations and Classification

A shipper plans to transport a substance whose classification depends on a test result that is not yet available. What is the correct DGR position?

  1. The shipper may offer it as Class 9 pending the test result
  2. The shipper may offer it if the airline accepts the risk in writing
  3. The shipper may offer it as non-dangerous until testing is complete
  4. The goods cannot be fully described or offered until classification is established Correct answer.

Explanation

A complete and accurate dangerous goods description depends on knowing the correct class, packing group and UN number. Offering goods before classification is established risks misdeclaration. Provisional classification as Class 9 or non-dangerous is not permitted, and an airline cannot accept an undocumented risk.