NL Grade 6 Math key terms

The value a digit has because of its position in a number. In 4 728, the 7 means 700 because it sits in the hundreds place.

A number written with digits in the usual way, one digit per place. For example, three thousand forty-six is written as 3046.

A number broken apart to show the value of each digit. For example, 3046 is written as 3000 + 40 + 6.

A number that uses a dot to show parts of a whole, where each place to the right of the dot is worth one tenth of the place before it.

The dot in a decimal number that separates the whole-number part from the fractional part, such as the dot in 12.75.

The place one step to the right of the decimal point. One tenth means one whole split into 10 equal parts, so 0.3 equals three tenths.

The place two steps to the right of the decimal point. One hundredth means one whole split into 100 equal parts, so 0.25 equals twenty-five hundredths.

A whole number that divides another number evenly with no remainder. The factors of 12 are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 12.

The result of multiplying a whole number by another whole number. The multiples of 4 include 4, 8, 12, 16, and 20.

A whole number greater than 1 whose only factors are 1 and itself. Examples are 2, 3, 5, 7, and 11.

A whole number greater than 1 that has at least one factor besides 1 and itself. For example, 9 has the factors 1, 3, and 9.

The smallest number that is a multiple of two or more given numbers. For 6 and 8, the least common multiple is 24.

The largest number that divides two or more given numbers evenly. For 18 and 24, the greatest common factor is 6.

Fractions that name the same amount even though the digits differ. One half, two quarters, and four eighths are equivalent because they cover the same part of a whole.

A fraction written with the smallest possible whole numbers, where the numerator and denominator share no common factor other than 1. For example, 6/8 becomes 3/4.

A fraction whose numerator is equal to or larger than its denominator, so it names one whole or more. For example, 7/4 is an improper fraction.

A number made of a whole number and a proper fraction together. For example, 2 1/3 means two wholes plus one third.

A comparison of two quantities by division, often written with a colon. If a team has 5 red caps and 3 blue caps, the ratio of red to blue is 5:3.

A way of comparing a number to 100. Fifty percent means 50 out of every 100, which is the same as one half.

A whole number that can be positive, negative, or zero, with no fractional part. Examples include -7, 0, and 15.

A number less than zero, written with a minus sign in front. On a number line, negative numbers lie to the left of zero.

Two integers that are the same distance from zero on a number line but on different sides, such as 6 and -6. Their sum is always zero.

A description of how a sequence of numbers or shapes changes from one term to the next, such as add 7 each time or double and subtract 1.

A single number or figure in a sequence or expression, counted in order. In the sequence 3, 6, 9, the second term is 6.

An ordered list of numbers or shapes that follows a rule. For example, 2, 5, 8, 11 is a sequence that grows by 3 each time.

A table that shows pairs of numbers, where each input number is changed by a rule to give the matching output number, revealing the pattern rule.

A letter or symbol that stands for a number that may change or is unknown. In the expression 4n + 2, the letter n is a variable.

A mathematical phrase built from numbers, variables, and operations, with no equals sign. For example, 3x + 5 is an expression.

A mathematical sentence stating that two expressions have the same value, joined by an equals sign. For example, 2x + 3 = 11 is an equation.

The idea that a balance stays true when the same operation is done to both sides. Adding 5 to both sides of an equation keeps it equal.

A closed flat shape made only of straight sides that meet end to end. Triangles, squares, and hexagons are polygons.

A polygon whose sides are all the same length and whose angles are all the same size. A regular pentagon has five equal sides.

A point where two sides of a shape meet, forming a corner. A triangle has three vertices.

Describing shapes that are exactly the same size and the same shape, so one fits perfectly on the other.

The amount of turn between two rays that meet at a shared point, measured in degrees. A right angle measures exactly 90 degrees.

A measuring tool shaped like a half circle, marked in degrees, used to measure and draw angles.

The total distance around the outside of a flat shape, found by adding the lengths of all its sides.

The amount of flat surface a shape covers, measured in square units such as square centimetres.

The amount of space a solid object takes up, measured in cubic units such as cubic centimetres.

A flat pattern that can be folded along its edges to build a solid. A cube has 11 different possible nets.

A pattern of shapes that fit together with no gaps and no overlaps, covering a surface completely.

A move that changes a shape's position or size, such as a slide, a flip, or a turn.

A line that divides a shape into two halves that are mirror images of each other, so the halves match exactly when folded.

The average of a set of numbers, found by adding all the values and dividing by how many there are.

The middle value in a set of numbers arranged in order. If there are two middle values, it is their average.

The value that appears most often in a set of data. A set can have one mode, more than one, or no mode at all.

The difference between the greatest and least values in a set of data, showing how spread out the data are.

A value in a data set that is much smaller or much larger than the other values, which can pull the mean away from the rest.

A table that lists categories or values and records how many times each one occurs in a set of data.

A graph that uses rectangles of different heights or lengths to compare the amounts in different categories.

A graph that plots points and joins them with lines to show how a value changes over time.

A number from 0 to 1 that describes how likely an event is, where 0 means impossible and 1 means certain.

One possible result of a chance event. When you roll a number cube, rolling a 4 is one outcome.

The complete list of all possible outcomes of a chance experiment. For one coin toss, the sample space is heads and tails.