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Red Seal Construction Electrician practice questions

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Question 1Occupational Skills and Safety

Under the Canadian Electrical Code, what is the maximum allowable ampacity rating of a standard 15 A branch circuit fuse or breaker protecting a general-use receptacle circuit in a dwelling?

  1. 40 A
  2. 20 A
  3. 15 A Correct answer.
  4. 30 A

Explanation

A 15 A branch circuit is protected by a fuse or breaker not exceeding 15 A, matching the conductor and receptacle rating. Upsizing the overcurrent device beyond the conductor ampacity would allow the conductors to overheat before the device trips.

Question 2Occupational Skills and Safety

Before working on a de-energized panelboard, a construction electrician must verify the circuit is dead. Which practice satisfies the lockout/tagout requirement?

  1. Ask another worker to watch the panel while you work inside it
  2. Test the tester on a known live source, lock out the disconnect, then test the conductors Correct answer.
  3. Rely on the main breaker handle position as the sole indication of de-energization
  4. Apply a lock and tag, then test the conductors with a non-contact voltage pen only

Explanation

Proper lockout/tagout includes locking the energy-isolating device, testing the tester on a known source, and verifying the conductors are de-energized. Testing the tester first confirms it is functioning so a false negative cannot occur.

Question 3Occupational Skills and Safety

A construction electrician is selecting a lanyard and harness for work at height on a steel structure. Which combination best reflects fall-protection requirements?

  1. Body belt with a positioning strap anchored at foot level
  2. Full-body harness with shock-absorbing lanyard anchored above the work position Correct answer.
  3. Body belt with a self-retracting lifeline anchored below the feet
  4. Full-body harness with a lanyard anchored at foot level to reduce swing

Explanation

Fall arrest requires a full-body harness and an anchor point above the worker so free-fall distance is minimized and the shock absorber can deploy. Anchoring above the work position limits fall distance and reduces swing-fall hazards.

Question 4Occupational Skills and Safety

A journeyperson is bending 3/4 in. electrical metallic tubing with a hand bender. Which practice produces the most accurate 90-degree stub-up?

  1. Bend past 90 degrees and then spring it back to correct the angle
  2. Make several short bends and check with a torpedo level after each
  3. Align the arrow on the bender with the measured mark and bend in one smooth motion Correct answer.
  4. Measure from the end of the conduit and bend without a reference mark

Explanation

The arrow on the bender head corresponds to the stub take-up for that size and type of conduit. Aligning the measured mark with the arrow and applying one smooth bend produces an accurate 90-degree stub.

Question 5Occupational Skills and Safety

Which document must a construction electrician consult to determine the minimum burial depth for direct-buried conductors on a project?

  1. The local fire department's operational guidelines
  2. The equipment manufacturer's installation manual only
  3. The Canadian Electrical Code, Part I Correct answer.
  4. The project's architectural finish schedule

Explanation

Minimum burial depths for direct-buried conductors are specified in the Canadian Electrical Code, Part I, and adopted by the applicable provincial or territorial regulation. Manufacturer manuals and finish schedules do not establish code minimums.

Question 6Occupational Skills and Safety

A construction electrician is preparing to work in a trench 1.5 m deep with vertical walls in stable clay. Which practice is required before entry?

  1. A ladder placed at one end is sufficient protection
  2. Sloping, shoring, or a trench box installed and inspected by a competent person Correct answer.
  3. Entry is permitted because the trench is under 2 m deep
  4. A hard hat and safety boots alone are sufficient

Explanation

Trenches must be protected against cave-in by sloping, shoring, or a trench box, and the protection must be inspected by a competent person before workers enter. Depth alone does not exempt a trench from these requirements.

Question 7Occupational Skills and Safety

The current-carrying conductors of a 3-phase, 4-wire feeder are to be derated for ampacity. Which factor must be applied when more than three current-carrying conductors are installed in a single raceway?

  1. A correction factor based only on the ambient temperature
  2. A multiplier that increases the ampacity of the conductors
  3. An adjustment factor based on the number of current-carrying conductors Correct answer.
  4. No factor applies because the neutral is not counted

Explanation

Ampacity adjustment factors account for the heating effect of multiple current-carrying conductors bundled in one raceway. The factor decreases allowable ampacity as the conductor count rises, and it is applied separately from ambient temperature correction.

Question 8Occupational Skills and Safety

A journeyperson is terminating aluminum conductors in a panelboard. Which practice reduces the risk of a loose connection and overheating?

  1. Tighten the lug firmly by feel without a torque specification
  2. Use a larger lug than specified to increase contact area
  3. Apply an approved antioxidant compound and torque the lug to the manufacturer's specification Correct answer.
  4. Coat the conductor with petroleum jelly and hand-tighten the lug

Explanation

Aluminum conductors are prone to oxidation and cold flow, so an approved antioxidant and the manufacturer's torque value are required for a reliable connection. Torque values are specified to ensure adequate contact pressure without damaging the conductor.

Question 9Occupational Skills and Safety

A construction electrician is installing a bonding jumper around a water meter. What is the purpose of this jumper?

  1. To isolate the water piping from the electrical system
  2. To maintain electrical continuity of the bonding path across the meter Correct answer.
  3. To provide a low-impedance path for normal load current
  4. To serve as the grounding electrode conductor for the service

Explanation

A water meter can be removed for service, which would break the bonding path if no jumper were installed. The bonding jumper maintains continuity so the metallic piping remains bonded to the electrical system.

Question 10Occupational Skills and Safety

What is the primary purpose of the equipment grounding conductor in a flexible cord supplying a portable power tool?

  1. To carry the neutral return current during normal operation
  2. To reduce the voltage drop at the tool
  3. To increase the available short-circuit current at the tool
  4. To provide a fault-current path that allows the overcurrent device to open Correct answer.

Explanation

The equipment grounding conductor provides a low-impedance return path for fault current so the overcurrent device operates quickly. It does not carry load current under normal conditions.

Question 11Occupational Skills and Safety

A construction electrician is asked to install a receptacle in a wet location on an exterior wall of a commercial building. Which installation is acceptable?

  1. A listed weather-resistant receptacle in an enclosure marked for wet locations with a while-in-use cover Correct answer.
  2. A receptacle installed in a damp-location enclosure with a flip cover
  3. A standard indoor receptacle in a flush-mounted box with a plastic plate
  4. A receptacle mounted in a standard box with the cover removed for drainage

Explanation

Wet locations require a weather-resistant receptacle in a listed enclosure with a while-in-use cover that maintains protection when a cord is connected. Standard indoor devices and damp-location covers do not provide the required protection.

Question 12Occupational Skills and Safety

A journeyperson is sizing the overcurrent protection for a motor branch circuit. Which value is generally permitted for a standard squirrel-cage motor?

  1. The motor's full-load current multiplied by the service factor
  2. A value based on the motor nameplate full-load current using the code's percentage allowance Correct answer.
  3. The conductor ampacity of the branch-circuit conductors
  4. The motor's locked-rotor current

Explanation

Motor branch-circuit short-circuit and ground-fault protection is sized as a percentage of the motor full-load current taken from the nameplate or code tables. The allowance recognizes the high starting current of motors.

Question 13Occupational Skills and Safety

Which of the following is a recognized method of protecting a construction site's temporary wiring from physical damage where it crosses a walkway?

  1. Lay the cable flat and cover it with a sheet of plywood
  2. Bury the cable in loose gravel at grade
  3. Run the cable through a puddle to keep it cool
  4. Route the cable overhead at a height that clears pedestrian and vehicle traffic Correct answer.

Explanation

Temporary wiring that crosses walkways or roadways should be routed overhead at adequate clearance or otherwise protected against physical damage. Covering with loose materials does not provide reliable protection.

Question 14Occupational Skills and Safety

A construction electrician must select a multimeter for verifying absence of voltage on a 600 V panel. Which rating is essential?

  1. A CAT III or CAT IV rating appropriate to the installation category and voltage Correct answer.
  2. A meter with a built-in continuity beeper only
  3. A CAT I rating because the meter is used indoors
  4. A meter with the highest ohms range available

Explanation

Meters must be rated for the installation category and voltage of the circuit being tested; CAT III or CAT IV ratings provide the transient withstand needed near distribution equipment. Using an under-rated meter can result in arc flash and injury.

Question 15Occupational Skills and Safety

A journeyperson is working near an energized 347 V lighting circuit in a suspended ceiling. Which practice best controls the risk?

  1. De-energize and lock out the circuit before working on the luminaires Correct answer.
  2. Use a fiberglass ladder and avoid touching the ceiling grid
  3. Work from a scissor lift to increase distance from the conductors
  4. Wear insulating gloves and work live to save time

Explanation

The preferred control is to de-energize and lock out the circuit before work begins. Working live should be limited to situations where de-energization is infeasible and requires additional hazard analysis and PPE.

Question 16Occupational Skills and Safety

A construction electrician is installing a service entrance and must select the grounding electrode conductor. Which factor primarily determines its minimum size?

  1. The size of the largest branch-circuit breaker
  2. The number of branch circuits in the panel
  3. The size of the largest service-entrance conductor Correct answer.
  4. The total connected load in kilowatts

Explanation

The minimum size of the grounding electrode conductor is based on the size of the largest service-entrance conductor, per the code table. Connected load and branch-circuit counts do not govern this sizing.

Question 17Occupational Skills and Safety

During a rough-in inspection, an electrician finds that a box containing splices has insufficient free space. Which method is used to calculate the minimum box volume?

  1. Measure the physical dimensions of the box and divide by the number of conductors
  2. Assume a standard volume based on the box's trade size
  3. Use the box's listed weight to estimate capacity
  4. Count each conductor, device, and fitting and apply the code's volume allowance per item Correct answer.

Explanation

Box fill is calculated by counting conductors, devices, and fittings, then applying the code's volume allowance for each item based on conductor size. Physical dimensions alone do not account for the space taken by devices and fittings.

Question 18Occupational Skills and Safety

Which action is required when a construction electrician discovers a damaged extension cord on a temporary power distribution system?

  1. Wrap the damage with electrical tape and continue using the cord
  2. Shorten the cord at the damaged point and reuse the remainder
  3. Remove the cord from service and tag it out of use until repaired or replaced Correct answer.
  4. Use the cord only for low-current tools to reduce the risk

Explanation

Damaged cords must be removed from service and tagged to prevent use until properly repaired or replaced. Taping over damage does not restore the cord's insulation integrity or listing.

Question 19Occupational Skills and Safety

A journeyperson is calculating the demand load for a multi-unit residential building. Which load is generally subject to the demand factors permitted for dwelling units?

  1. The receptacle and lighting loads of the dwelling units Correct answer.
  2. The fire pump motor load
  3. The elevator motor load
  4. The emergency lighting load

Explanation

Demand factors may be applied to the lighting and receptacle loads of dwelling units because not all loads operate simultaneously. Fire pumps, emergency lighting, and elevator motors are generally excluded from these demand reductions.

Question 20Occupational Skills and Safety

A construction electrician is terminating conductors in a junction box and must identify the grounded conductor. Which color is conventionally used for the grounded conductor in a 120/240 V system?

  1. Bare copper
  2. Black
  3. Green
  4. White or natural grey Correct answer.

Explanation

The grounded conductor is identified by white or natural grey insulation, which distinguishes it from ungrounded and grounding conductors. Green and bare copper identify the equipment grounding conductor, and black identifies an ungrounded conductor.

Question 21Electrical Theory and Applied Calculations

A single-phase load draws 12 A at 240 V with a power factor of 0.80. What is the real power consumed by the load?

  1. 1.80 kW
  2. 3.60 kW
  3. 2.30 kW Correct answer.
  4. 2.88 kW

Explanation

Real power equals voltage times current times power factor: 240 V × 12 A × 0.80 = 2304 W, or about 2.30 kW. Apparent power (240 × 12 = 2880 VA) must be multiplied by the power factor to obtain watts.

Question 22Electrical Theory and Applied Calculations

In a purely capacitive AC circuit, how does the current relate to the voltage across the capacitor?

  1. Current leads the voltage by 90 degrees Correct answer.
  2. Current lags the voltage by 90 degrees
  3. Current leads the voltage by 45 degrees
  4. Current is in phase with the voltage

Explanation

In a capacitor the current reaches its peak before the voltage does, so current leads voltage by 90 electrical degrees. This is summarized by the mnemonic CIV: in a Capacitor, I leads V.

Question 23Electrical Theory and Applied Calculations

Which law states that the total current entering a junction equals the total current leaving it?

  1. Ohm's law
  2. Kirchhoff's current law Correct answer.
  3. Kirchhoff's voltage law
  4. Faraday's law

Explanation

Kirchhoff's current law (KCL) expresses conservation of charge at a node: the algebraic sum of currents entering and leaving any junction is zero. It is used to write node equations in circuit analysis.

Question 24Electrical Theory and Applied Calculations

A 3-phase, 480 V motor has a full-load current of 20 A and operates at a power factor of 0.85. What is the input power?

  1. 4.9 kW
  2. 14.1 kW Correct answer.
  3. 8.2 kW
  4. 16.6 kW

Explanation

Three-phase power is P = √3 × V × I × PF = 1.732 × 480 × 20 × 0.85, which equals about 14.1 kW. The √3 factor accounts for the line-to-line voltage relationship in a balanced three-phase system.

Question 25Electrical Theory and Applied Calculations

What is the total resistance of three 12 Ω resistors connected in parallel?

  1. 6 Ω
  2. 12 Ω
  3. 4 Ω Correct answer.
  4. 36 Ω

Explanation

For equal resistors in parallel, total resistance is the individual value divided by the number of resistors: 12 Ω ÷ 3 = 4 Ω. Parallel paths provide more routes for current, so total resistance is always less than the smallest branch.

Question 26Electrical Theory and Applied Calculations

A transformer has 500 primary turns and 100 secondary turns. If the primary is supplied at 600 V, what is the secondary voltage?

  1. 120 V Correct answer.
  2. 600 V
  3. 3000 V
  4. 150 V

Explanation

Voltage ratio equals turns ratio: Vs = Vp × (Ns/Np) = 600 × (100/500) = 120 V. This is a step-down transformer because the secondary has fewer turns than the primary.

Question 27Electrical Theory and Applied Calculations

Which unit is used to express the reactive power of an inductive load?

  1. Watt
  2. Volt-ampere
  3. Volt-ampere reactive Correct answer.
  4. Joule

Explanation

Reactive power is measured in volt-amperes reactive (var), which reflects power that oscillates between the source and the reactive element without doing real work. Real power is in watts and apparent power is in volt-amperes.

Question 28Electrical Theory and Applied Calculations

A 240 V circuit supplies a 1500 W heater. What current does the heater draw?

  1. 3.13 A
  2. 6.25 A Correct answer.
  3. 9.38 A
  4. 12.5 A

Explanation

For a resistive load, I = P/V = 1500 W ÷ 240 V = 6.25 A. A heater is essentially resistive, so the power factor is approximately 1 and no correction is needed.

Question 29Electrical Theory and Applied Calculations

A coil has an inductive reactance of 8 Ω and a resistance of 6 Ω in series. What is the impedance of the coil?

  1. 2 Ω
  2. 48 Ω
  3. 14 Ω
  4. 10 Ω Correct answer.

Explanation

Impedance is the vector sum of resistance and reactance: Z = √(R² + X²) = √(36 + 64) = √100 = 10 Ω. Reactance and resistance add at right angles, not directly.

Question 30Electrical Theory and Applied Calculations

What is the impedance of a circuit containing 10 Ω resistance and 10 Ω capacitive reactance in series, expressed in polar form?

  1. 10 Ω at 90 degrees
  2. 20 Ω at 0 degrees
  3. 14.1 Ω at 45 degrees
  4. 14.1 Ω at negative 45 degrees Correct answer.

Explanation

Magnitude is √(10² + 10²) = 14.1 Ω, and the phase angle is arctan(X/R) = arctan(1) = 45 degrees. Because capacitive reactance is negative, the angle is −45 degrees, meaning current leads voltage.

Question 31Electrical Theory and Applied Calculations

Two 120 V batteries are connected in series aiding. What voltage appears across the combination?

  1. 0 V
  2. 120 V
  3. 60 V
  4. 240 V Correct answer.

Explanation

Series aiding means the polarities add, so the total EMF is 120 + 120 = 240 V. If the batteries were connected in opposition, the net voltage would be zero.

Question 32Electrical Theory and Applied Calculations

A 12 V source is connected across a 4 Ω and a 2 Ω resistor in series. What is the voltage drop across the 4 Ω resistor?

  1. 12 V
  2. 6 V
  3. 8 V Correct answer.
  4. 4 V

Explanation

Total resistance is 6 Ω, so current is 12 ÷ 6 = 2 A. The drop across the 4 Ω resistor is 2 A × 4 Ω = 8 V, confirming the voltage divider rule V = Vs × R1/(R1+R2).

Question 33Electrical Theory and Applied Calculations

A 3-phase induction motor nameplate shows 460 V and 60 A. What is the approximate apparent power drawn by the motor?

  1. 82.8 kVA
  2. 13.8 kVA
  3. 47.8 kVA Correct answer.
  4. 27.6 kVA

Explanation

Apparent power for a balanced three-phase load is S = √3 × V × I = 1.732 × 460 × 60, which equals about 47.8 kVA. Power factor is not needed because apparent power is being calculated, not real power.

Question 34Electrical Theory and Applied Calculations

A circuit has a power factor of 0.60. What does this indicate about the load?

  1. The load is purely resistive
  2. The load has significant reactive component Correct answer.
  3. The load is purely capacitive
  4. The load draws no current

Explanation

A power factor of 0.60 means only 60 percent of the apparent power does real work, so a large reactive component is present. Power factor is the cosine of the phase angle between voltage and current.

Question 35Electrical Theory and Applied Calculations

A capacitor of 50 μF is connected across a 60 Hz supply. What is its capacitive reactance?

  1. 26.5 Ω
  2. 0.019 Ω
  3. 53.1 Ω Correct answer.
  4. 106 Ω

Explanation

Capacitive reactance is Xc = 1/(2πfC) = 1/(2π × 60 × 50×10⁻⁶), which equals about 53.1 Ω. Reactance decreases as frequency or capacitance increases.

Question 36Electrical Theory and Applied Calculations

An inductor of 0.2 H is connected to a 60 Hz supply. What is its inductive reactance?

  1. 24 Ω
  2. 12 Ω
  3. 75.4 Ω Correct answer.
  4. 37.7 Ω

Explanation

Inductive reactance is Xl = 2πfL = 2π × 60 × 0.2, which equals about 75.4 Ω. Reactance rises with frequency and inductance.

Question 37Electrical Theory and Applied Calculations

A 10 kVA transformer is loaded to 8 kVA at a power factor of 0.9. What is the real power delivered?

  1. 8.0 kW
  2. 9.0 kW
  3. 7.2 kW Correct answer.
  4. 8.9 kW

Explanation

Real power equals apparent power times power factor: 8 kVA × 0.9 = 7.2 kW. The transformer's 10 kVA rating is not used because the actual load is 8 kVA.

Question 38Electrical Theory and Applied Calculations

In a balanced wye-connected load, the line current is 15 A. What is the phase current?

  1. 45 A
  2. 8.66 A
  3. 26 A
  4. 15 A Correct answer.

Explanation

In a wye connection, the line current equals the phase current because each line is in series with one phase winding. Only the voltages differ by √3 in a wye connection.

Question 39Electrical Theory and Applied Calculations

In a balanced delta-connected load, the phase current is 10 A. What is the line current?

  1. 5.77 A
  2. 10 A
  3. 30 A
  4. 17.3 A Correct answer.

Explanation

In a delta connection, line current equals phase current times √3: 10 × 1.732 = 17.3 A. This occurs because two phase currents combine at each node.

Question 40Electrical Theory and Applied Calculations

A 120 V, 60 W incandescent lamp is operated at 100 V. Assuming constant resistance, what power does it dissipate?

  1. 72 W
  2. 41.7 W Correct answer.
  3. 60 W
  4. 50 W

Explanation

Resistance is R = V²/P = 120²/60 = 240 Ω. At 100 V, P = V²/R = 10000/240 = 41.7 W. Power varies with the square of voltage for a fixed resistance.

Question 41Electrical Theory and Applied Calculations

What is the total capacitance of two 6 μF capacitors connected in series?

  1. 12 μF
  2. 1.5 μF
  3. 3 μF Correct answer.
  4. 6 μF

Explanation

Series capacitance combines like parallel resistance: 1/Ct = 1/6 + 1/6, so Ct = 3 μF. For two equal capacitors in series, the total is half of one value.

Question 42Electrical Theory and Applied Calculations

A coil has a resistance of 3 Ω and an inductive reactance of 4 Ω. What is the phase angle of the impedance?

  1. 36.9 degrees
  2. 45 degrees
  3. 90 degrees
  4. 53.1 degrees Correct answer.

Explanation

The phase angle is arctan(X/R) = arctan(4/3) = 53.1 degrees. Because the reactance is inductive, the current lags the voltage by this angle.

Question 43Electrical Theory and Applied Calculations

A 480 V feeder supplies a 25 kW load at a power factor of 0.8. What is the line current?

  1. 37.6 A Correct answer.
  2. 30 A
  3. 52 A
  4. 65 A

Explanation

Apparent power is S = P/PF = 25 kW / 0.8 = 31.25 kVA. For a single-phase load, I = S/V = 31250/480 = about 65 A; for a three-phase load, I = S/(√3 × 480) = about 37.6 A. The three-phase result applies when the feeder serves a balanced three-phase load, giving 37.6 A.

Question 44Electrical Theory and Applied Calculations

A resistor of 20 Ω carries 3 A. What is the power dissipated?

  1. 180 W Correct answer.
  2. 6.67 W
  3. 120 W
  4. 60 W

Explanation

Power can be found with P = I²R = 3² × 20 = 180 W. This form is useful when current and resistance are known rather than voltage.

Question 45Codes, Standards, and Regulations

Under the Canadian Electrical Code, what is the maximum number of conductors permitted in a single run of flexible conduit used as a raceway for a residential branch circuit?

  1. Three current-carrying conductors only
  2. One conductor per conduit
  3. No limit if conductors are derated
  4. As many as the conduit's interior cross-sectional area allows at 40 percent fill Correct answer.

Explanation

The CEC permits conduit fill up to a percentage of the interior cross-sectional area based on the number of conductors; for three or more conductors the limit is typically 40 percent. The fill rule is based on area, not on a fixed conductor count.

Question 46Codes, Standards, and Regulations

A contractor is installing a 200 A residential service. Which document takes precedence if the local municipal bylaw conflicts with the Canadian Electrical Code?

  1. The utility's service connection standard
  2. The manufacturer's installation instructions
  3. The local bylaw, because local requirements supersede the model code once adopted Correct answer.
  4. The Canadian Electrical Code always governs

Explanation

The CEC is a model code that becomes enforceable when adopted by a jurisdiction; local amendments and bylaws that are more stringent take precedence. Manufacturer instructions and utility standards apply but do not override an adopted local bylaw.

Question 47Codes, Standards, and Regulations

What is the minimum size of bonding jumper required for a 400 A service with 500 kcmil copper service conductors, assuming Table 16 sizing applies?

  1. 4/0 AWG copper
  2. 1/0 AWG copper
  3. 6 AWG copper
  4. 2 AWG copper Correct answer.

Explanation

For service conductors larger than 1100 kcmil the bonding jumper is sized per Table 16; for 500 kcmil copper the table specifies 2 AWG copper. Sizing is based on the largest service conductor, not the service rating.

Question 48Codes, Standards, and Regulations

Which organization publishes the Canadian Electrical Code, Part I?

  1. Underwriters Laboratories of Canada
  2. CSA Group Correct answer.
  3. Standards Council of Canada
  4. Ontario Electrical Safety Authority

Explanation

The Canadian Electrical Code, Part I is published by CSA Group as CSA C22.1. The Electrical Safety Authority enforces it in Ontario, ULC certifies products, and the SCC accredits standards bodies.

Question 49Codes, Standards, and Regulations

A 120/240 V single-phase panel is installed in a detached garage. What is the minimum working clearance required in front of the panel where no live parts are exposed on the opposite wall?

  1. 500 mm
  2. 1 m Correct answer.
  3. 750 mm
  4. 1.5 m

Explanation

Rule 26-402 requires a minimum 1 m of clear working space in front of electrical equipment. Greater depths apply when grounded or live parts face the equipment.

Question 50Codes, Standards, and Regulations

A receptacle is installed within 1.5 m of a kitchen sink. What protection is required?

  1. Surge protection
  2. Arc-fault circuit interrupter protection only
  3. No special protection is required
  4. Ground-fault circuit interrupter protection Correct answer.

Explanation

Rule 26-700 requires GFCI protection for receptacles within 1.5 m of sinks in dwelling units. AFCI protection applies to branch circuits generally but does not replace the GFCI requirement near sinks.