CHDA flashcards
CHDA · Build recall with a focused review session.
32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Descriptive analytics
- Summarizes historical data to answer what happened, using reports, dashboards, and aggregate statistics; it is the base level of the analytics maturity hierarchy.
- Predictive analytics
- Uses historical data and statistical or machine-learning models to estimate the likelihood of future outcomes such as readmission, cost, or disease onset.
- Prescriptive analytics
- Recommends specific actions by combining predictive models with optimization, rules, and constraints, such as prioritizing which patients receive care-gap outreach first.
- HITECH Act
- A 2009 US law that funded EHR adoption through incentive payments tied to meaningful use criteria and strengthened HIPAA privacy and security enforcement.
- HEDIS
- The Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set, an NCQA measure set used to compare health plan performance on preventive care and chronic disease management.
- LOINC
- A standard vocabulary for laboratory tests and clinical observations that enables interoperable exchange of test names, units, and results across systems.
- SMART objectives
- Criteria stating that an objective must be Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Time-bound so that progress can be objectively evaluated.
- Gap analysis
- A comparison of current-state performance against the desired future state that quantifies the difference and identifies actions required to close it.
- MoSCoW prioritization
- A scoping technique that sorts requirements into Must have, Should have, Could have, and Won't have categories to force explicit priority decisions.
- Requirements traceability matrix
- A table mapping every requirement to its design, build, and test evidence so that nothing is dropped and scope changes remain visible.
- Return on investment
- ROI equals benefit minus cost, divided by cost, expressed as a percentage; it states the net value of an initiative relative to its cost.
- HL7 version 2
- A pipe-delimited messaging standard widely used for admission, discharge, transfer, order, and result messages; trigger events such as ADT^A01 signal an admission.
- FHIR
- Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources, a RESTful API standard that exchanges health data as modular resources such as Patient, Encounter, and Observation.
- Master patient index
- An enterprise index that links records belonging to the same person across source systems using deterministic or probabilistic matching algorithms.
- Deterministic matching
- A record-linkage method that links two records only when specified identifiers agree exactly, giving high precision but missing records with data entry variation.
- Data profiling
- Systematic analysis of source data before use to assess completeness, uniqueness, validity, consistency, and distribution, revealing quality problems early.
- Sensitivity
- True positives divided by true positives plus false negatives; the proportion of people who truly have the condition that the test correctly identifies.
- Positive predictive value
- True positives divided by all positive results; the probability that a positive result is correct, which rises and falls with disease prevalence.
- Confidence interval
- A range around a sample estimate that would contain the true population value in a stated proportion of repeated samples; 95% is the conventional level.
- Age-sex standardization
- A method that re-weights rates to a standard age and sex distribution so populations with different demographics can be compared without distortion.
- Statistical process control
- Use of control charts with limits typically set at three standard deviations to distinguish common-cause variation from special-cause variation over time.
- Confounding
- A third variable associated with both the exposure and the outcome that distorts the observed relationship unless it is adjusted for in design or analysis.
- Small number suppression
- Masking cells with very low counts, commonly fewer than eleven, when publishing aggregate health data to reduce the risk of re-identification.
- Benchmarking
- Comparing a measured performance against an external or internal reference, such as a national percentile or peer group, to give the result context.
- Operational versus strategic dashboard
- Operational dashboards track daily or real-time tactical metrics, while strategic dashboards report periodic key performance indicators tied to organizational goals.
- Data storytelling
- Structuring an analytics report as context, key insight, and recommended action, sequenced and worded for the specific audience's decision needs.
- Run chart
- A line plot of a metric over time with a median reference line, used to reveal trends, shifts, and patterns without statistical control limits.
- Data steward
- A role accountable for day-to-day data quality, definitions, and appropriate use within a business domain, working under the authority of the data owner.
- Data lineage
- The documented path of a data element from source system through each transformation to the final report, supporting traceability and impact analysis.
- Role-based access control
- A security approach that grants data permissions according to job function rather than to individuals, supporting the HIPAA minimum necessary standard.
- Business associate agreement
- A HIPAA-required contract in which a vendor that handles protected health information for a covered entity agrees to safeguard it and report breaches.
- Breach notification rule
- Requires a covered entity to notify affected individuals without unreasonable delay and no later than sixty days after discovering a breach of unsecured PHI.