Travel Services Operations: Itineraries, Transport, Accommodation, Ticketing and Group Management (旅行社运营)
What this domain tests
Operational arithmetic and role clarity. Questions give you a schedule, a rooming list or a ticket rule and ask for the correct action or the correct time.
Roles
- 组团社: contracts with the tourist, holds the package contract.
- 地接社: delivers locally under the wholesaler's plan.
- 全陪: accompanies the whole tour, coordinates, monitors quality, liaises between guest and agency.
- 地陪: local commentary, logistics and site delivery.
- 领队: outbound tours only; since 2016 the licence approval was replaced by filing.
- 计调: procures transport, rooms, meals, tickets and guides, and builds the schedule.
Itinerary design
Principles: feasible, balanced, with slack. Always compute travel time, visiting time, meal time and buffer. Avoid single days that chain long transfers with heavy walking.
Transport and ticketing
Rail tickets are real-name. Children's rail fares follow age: under 6 free without a seat (one per adult), 6–14 half price. Air tickets: group fares carry restrictive change and refund rules; check-in and seat selection have cut-off times. Set the meeting time as departure time minus (travel + walking + 15–30 minutes buffer).
Accommodation and meals
Rooming principles: couples together, families together, same sex sharing, singles handled by single supplement per the contract. Record wake-up calls, room-card distribution and dietary requests sent to the kitchen in advance.
Group management
Headcount at every boarding, alighting, entry and exit; announce meeting point, time and coach number repeatedly; carry the name list with emergency contacts; keep the tour file for two years.
Worked example
Gate opens 08:30, coach ride 40 minutes, 10 minutes' walk from the car park. Departure must be 08:30 minus 50 minutes, i.e. 07:40; add a 20-minute buffer, so boarding is at 07:20 and the wake-up call around 06:30 with breakfast at 06:45.
Traps that cost marks
- Forgetting that group air tickets rarely allow free changes.
- Assuming the guide personally absorbs a single supplement - it follows the contract.
- Omitting advance ticket reservations at timed-entry sites.