Pancyprian TS Graphic Arts III Π.Κ. flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Bleed

Extra image area beyond the trim edge, typically 3 mm, ensuring no white edges after cutting.

Trapping

Slight overlap of adjacent colours to prevent white gaps from misregister; width varies by process.

PDF/X-4

PDF standard allowing live transparency and ICC output intents; preferred for modern print workflows.

Total area coverage

Sum of CMYK ink percentages at a point; limited to avoid set-off and drying problems.

Imposition

Arrangement of pages on a press sheet so that after printing, folding and cutting they appear in correct order.

Dot gain

Increase in halftone dot size on press compared with the digital file; compensated with plate curves.

Ink/water balance

Offset condition where ink and dampening solution are balanced; too much water causes emulsification and poor density.

Anilox volume

Ink-carrying capacity of a flexo anilox roller, measured in cm³/m²; determines ink film thickness.

Solid ink density

Densitometric measurement of a solid ink patch; controlled to ISO 12647 target values.

Make-ready

Setup operations before production printing: plates, ink, register, density and colour approval.

Grammage

Paper weight in grams per square metre (g/m²); used to calculate sheet weight and cost.

Grain direction

Direction of paper fibres; folding parallel to grain prevents cracking and improves strength.

PUR adhesive

Polyurethane reactive glue used in perfect binding; strong, flexible and moisture-curing.

CTP plate

Computer-to-plate imaging; thermal or violet lasers expose the coating without film.

Saddle stitching

Binding method using wire staples through the fold; suitable for booklets of 8–64 pages.

Creasing rule

Die-cutting rule with rounded edge that presses a fold line into board without cutting it.

BOPP lamination

Biaxially oriented polypropylene film applied to printed sheets for gloss or matt protection.

Perfect binding

Binding where pages are glued into a spine; used for thick books and catalogues.

Delta E 2000

Perceptual colour difference formula; lower values indicate closer match; tolerance often 2–3.

Rendering intent

Strategy for converting colours between gamuts: perceptual, relative colorimetric, absolute or saturation.

Metamerism

Phenomenon where two colours match under one light source but differ under another.

Grey balance

Neutral grey produced by balanced CMY inks; checked with grey patches on the press sheet.

Lockout/tagout

Safety procedure isolating energy sources before maintenance to prevent accidental start-up.

Safety Data Sheet

Document listing chemical hazards, handling, storage and emergency measures; required for every chemical.

VOC

Volatile organic compounds emitted by solvents and inks; regulated for health and environment.

Waste hierarchy

Priority order: reduce, reuse, recycle, recover energy, then dispose.

Machine hour rate

Cost of running a machine for one hour, including depreciation, energy, space and operator.

OEE

Overall equipment effectiveness = availability × performance × quality; measures production efficiency.

Reorder point

Stock level triggering a new order; equals average daily use × lead time plus safety stock.

Job ticket

Document specifying quantity, substrate, colours, finishing, delivery and approval for a print job.

ISO 12647

International standard defining process control targets for density, tone value increase and colour in printing.

Corrective action

Action taken to eliminate the cause of a nonconformity and prevent recurrence; recorded in QMS.