Danish Goods Driver CPC Qualification flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Stopping distance formula

Total stopping distance equals reaction distance plus braking distance. Reaction distance in metres is approximately (speed in km/h divided by 10) times 3 times reaction time in seconds.

Square law of braking

Braking distance increases with the square of speed. Doubling speed from 50 to 100 km/h roughly quadruples braking distance, while reaction distance only doubles, so speed control matters most.

Three-second following rule

In dry conditions keep at least a two-second gap, three seconds in rain and four or more on ice. At 80 km/h a three-second gap is about 67 metres.

Off-tracking on turns

The rear wheels of a long combination cut inside the front wheel path on turns. The driver must check mirrors and allow extra lateral clearance, especially when turning right.

Retarder on long descents

Engine brake and retarder hold speed on descents without continuous service braking, preventing brake fade. Select a gear that holds the speed and never coast in neutral.

Daily driving limit

The daily driving limit is nine hours, extendable to ten hours twice per week. The weekly limit is 56 hours and the two-week limit is 90 hours.

Break after 4.5 hours

After 4.5 hours of driving a break of at least 45 minutes is required, or a split break of 15 minutes followed by 30 minutes, taken in that order.

Reduced daily rest

Daily rest is normally 11 hours. It may be reduced to nine hours at most three times between weekly rests, or split into three hours plus nine hours within 24 hours.

Reduced weekly rest

Weekly rest is at least 45 hours, reducible to 24 hours. The reduction must be compensated en bloc before the end of the third week following the reduced rest.

Manual tachograph entries

Periods not recorded automatically, such as ferry crossings, other work and availability, must be entered manually. Record start and end country at border crossings and at shift start.

28-day record production

On roadside inspection the driver must produce records for the current day plus the previous 28 calendar days. The operator downloads vehicle unit data at least every 90 days.

Eco-driving shift point

In a diesel truck, shift up around 1,200 to 1,500 rpm, keep steady throttle and use cruise control on motorways. Aggressive acceleration can raise fuel use by 15 to 25 percent.

Idling fuel consumption

Idling burns roughly one to two litres of diesel per hour. Switching off during long waits cuts fuel cost, emissions and noise, which matters in residential deliveries.

Tyre pressure and fuel

Under-inflation by 10 percent can raise fuel consumption by around one to two percent and accelerates shoulder wear. Correct pressure lowers rolling resistance and improves safety.

Load centre of gravity

Place the heaviest goods over or near the drive axles, keep the centre of gravity low and distribute weight evenly left to right to protect axle loads and handling.

Delivery note signature

Confirm delivery windows, obtain a signed delivery note, record damage or shortage at handover and inform the dispatcher before leaving the site to protect service quality.

EU axle load limits

A single drive axle is typically limited to 10 tonnes, or 11.5 tonnes with twin tyres and air suspension. Total combination weight is generally 40 tonnes, 44 for combined transport.

Load securing forces

Under EN 12195-1 the securing force is about 0.8 times load weight forward and 0.5 times load weight rearward and sideways. Lashings must resist these forces.

Lashing capacity and pre-tension

Lashing capacity is the maximum force a lashing transmits. Pre-tension for synthetic web straps is typically about 0.25 to 0.5 of lashing capacity.

Lashing number formula

Number of lashings equals (required securing force minus friction force) divided by (lashing capacity times angle factor). Friction force is the friction coefficient times load weight.

Friction coefficients for loads

Typical friction coefficients are about 0.2 for wood on wood, 0.3 for wood on steel and 0.6 for rubber on dry asphalt. Higher friction reduces the number of lashings needed.

Positive locking of loads

Form-fit securing against the headboard, side gates or stanchions is preferable to friction lashing for heavy or rigid loads. Re-check lashings after the first 10 to 20 km.

Daily walk-around check

Check tyres and tread depth, lights, mirrors, brakes, air pressure warning, oil and coolant levels and load security before departure. Record any defect in the vehicle defect log.

Air brake low pressure

The low-pressure warning must activate before pressure drops below about 4.5 to 5 bar. A pressure drop with the engine off indicates a leak that must be repaired.

Uneven tyre wear causes

Cuts, bulges and embedded objects require tyre replacement. Uneven wear indicates misalignment, incorrect pressure or worn suspension components and should be diagnosed.

AdBlue and engine derate

AdBlue is a urea solution used in SCR systems. Running out can derate engine power and, in some vehicles, prevent restart after the engine is switched off.

Brake fade cause

Brake fade on long descents comes from overheating of friction surfaces. Use engine braking and retarder instead of continuous service braking to keep brakes cool and effective.

Warning triangle placement

On a motorway place the warning triangle at least 50 metres behind the vehicle, further where visibility is poor. Switch on hazard lights and wear a high-visibility vest.

Emergency call content

Give the location including road, direction and kilometre marker, the number and type of casualties, and hazards such as fuel, chemicals or fire. Stay on the line.

DR ABC sequence

DR ABC stands for Danger, Response, Airway, Breathing, Circulation. Check responsiveness and breathing; if not breathing normally, start CPR at 100 to 120 compressions per minute.

Severe bleeding control

Apply direct pressure with a clean dressing and elevate the limb if possible. Use a tourniquet only for life-threatening limb bleeding that cannot be controlled by pressure.

Suspected spinal injury

Do not move a casualty with suspected spinal injury unless there is immediate danger such as fire or traffic. Keep the head and neck aligned and wait for the emergency services.