EASA ATPL021 aircraft general knowledge foundations cheat sheet

Trace loads and functions rather than identify a component from one keyword.

Fail-safe and damage tolerance are related but distinct concepts.

Mass balance and aerodynamic balance solve different problems.

Fly-by-wire does not imply identical protection in every mode or aircraft.

Gear, brake and emergency-extension procedures remain aircraft-specific.

Pressure, flow, voltage and current are different observations.

For a stated model, hydraulic force is pressure times effective area.

A PTU transfers available power rather than creating energy.

Inverter and rectifier conversions run in different directions.

Physical breaker reset capability does not authorize an operational reset.

Distinguish continuous turbine flow from the piston four-stroke cycle.

Detonation and pre-ignition are different abnormal combustion processes.

Carburetor icing can occur above freezing without one universal response duration.

Governed RPM can remain constant while torque and power change.

Propeller oil-flow direction and failure response are design-specific.

Usable quantity, measured flow and derived FMS totals are distinct.

Crossfeed is not automatically tank-to-tank transfer or proof of balance.

Theoretical fuel-time calculations are not operational reserve authorizations.

Ice, fire and oxygen systems require their own equipment-specific procedures.

A test of detection is not a complete test of extinguishing capability.