EASA ATPL021 aircraft general knowledge foundations key terms

A design load associated with the maximum expected service condition, distinguished from an unrestricted promise that any repeated loading or damage is harmless.

A design and inspection approach considering the presence and growth of damage before it reaches a critical structural condition.

Control-surface mass distribution used to address inertial effects and flutter susceptibility, distinguished from aerodynamic assistance to the hinge moment.

A tab moving with a stabilator’s trailing-edge direction in the relevant design to increase control feel, rather than merely reduce every pilot force.

A braking-control function responding to wheel behavior to reduce a developing skid, without removing runway, tire or brake-energy limitations.

A device converting hydraulic pressure acting over an effective area into mechanical force or movement under the actual circuit conditions.

A system component storing hydraulic energy through a compressible element, with capacity and use determined by its charge and installation.

A device transferring mechanical power between suitable hydraulic circuits, distinguished from mixing their fluid or creating a new independent energy source.

A valve regulating cabin air escape as part of pressurization control, distinguished from a component directly setting aircraft geometric altitude.

An electrical conversion device producing AC from DC, distinguished from a rectifier that converts in the other direction.

Abnormal end-gas combustion associated with damaging pressure behavior, distinguished from combustion beginning before the intended spark through a hot ignition source.

A valve controlling exhaust flow through a turbocharger turbine, influencing boost rather than directly selecting a propeller’s blade angle.

A major breakdown of the intended compressor airflow, distinguished from an ordinary commanded thrust change or merely reduced fuel quantity.

A control changing propeller blade angle within its governing range to maintain a selected rotational speed as operating load changes.

A high-blade-angle configuration intended to reduce drag from an inoperative propeller, distinct from ordinary cruise pitch or a low-pitch windmilling condition.

The quantity available for the intended engine supply under the approved definition, distinguished from total capacity or an automatic legal reserve allowance.

A fuel-system path enabling an alternative engine-feed arrangement in the actual design, not necessarily a tank-transfer or equalization function.

The space above liquid fuel in a tank, whose gas composition is relevant to the purpose of a fuel-tank inerting system.

A protective method intended to prevent ice formation under specified conditions, distinguished from removing ice that has already accumulated.

An oxygen source using a chemical reaction after activation, with equipment-specific supply and heat characteristics unlike a simple stored-gas bottle.