Estonian Basic-School Chemistry Exam study guide
Estonian Basic-School Chemistry Exam · Work through your exam, one topic at a time.
The Estonian basic-school chemistry examination (põhikooli keemia lõpueksam) is the school-leaving assessment taken at the end of põhikool, normally in year 9. It is intended for students who have completed the basic-school chemistry course and want a grade that reflects their overall grasp of the subject, and it is also useful for anyone planning to continue into gümnaasium or a vocational programme where chemistry is a prerequisite. The Estonian Basic-School Chemistry Exam study guide has 8 sections and about 3,738 words.
01Substances and their properties (aine ja selle omadused)
Domain 1 of the Estonian basic-school chemistry exam - aine ja selle omadused - tests whether you can describe a substance by measurable properties and then use those properties to identify an unknown sample, choose a separation method, or justify a safety rule. The tasks are practical: a table of melting points, a described observation, or an apparatus list.
422 words, about 2 min02Structure of matter: atoms, ions and the periodic table
Domain 2 - aine ehitus - asks you to move between the symbol of an element, the structure of its atom, and its position in the periodic table (perioodilisustabel), then to explain why the substance behaves as it does. Typical tasks: complete an atom table, write an ion symbol, decide whether a formula unit is ionic or molecular.
455 words, about 2 min03Chemical reactions and equations
Domain 3 - keemilised reaktsioonid ja võrrandid - tests whether you can turn a described change into a balanced equation, name the reaction type, and say whether energy is released or absorbed. Atoms are conserved: the number of each element must be equal on both sides.
420 words, about 2 min04Inorganic substances and their transformations
Domain 4 - anorgaanilised ained ja nende muundumised - covers oxides, acids, bases, salts and metals, and the reaction patterns that connect them. Exam tasks ask you to name a compound, predict whether a reaction happens, or write the products.
425 words, about 2 min05Solutions, acids and bases, pH, neutralisation
Domain 5 - lahused, happed ja alused, pH, neutralisatsioon - covers what dissolving means, how concentration is expressed, and how acidity is measured and removed. A solution is a homogeneous mixture of solute (lahustunud aine) and solvent (lahusti); water is the usual solvent.
403 words, about 2 min06Organic compounds and their role in everyday life
Domain 6 - orgaanilised ühendid ja nende roll igapäevaelus - tests the hydrocarbons, alcohols, carboxylic acids and polymers you meet as fuels, solvents, food and plastics, and the formulas that distinguish them. Carbon forms four bonds and can chain; alkanes CₙH₂ₙ₊₂ (methane CH₄, ethane C₂H₆, propane C₃H₈, butane C₄H₁₀) are saturated and burn cleanly with enough oxygen.
388 words, about 2 min07Quantitative calculations
Domain 7 - arvutused - rewards a fixed routine: convert units, find moles, use the equation ratio, convert back. Marks are lost on units and on unbalanced equations, not on arithmetic.
392 words, about 2 min08Chemistry in everyday life, industry and the environment
Domain 8 - keemia igapäevaelus, tööstuses ja keskkonnas - connects reactions to Estonian fuels, drinking water, air quality, materials and waste. Questions ask you to name a substance, explain a process, or evaluate an environmental claim.
833 words, about 4 min