Egypt Driving Test key terms

A red eight-sided sign marked with the word STOP that requires a complete halt at the stop line or before entering the intersection, followed by a check for traffic and pedestrians before proceeding.

A downward-pointing triangular sign requiring the driver to slow down and let crossing or merging traffic pass before continuing, stopping only if necessary to avoid conflict.

A solid white line painted across the lane indicating the exact point where a vehicle must halt at a stop sign, traffic light or pedestrian crossing.

Painted white stripes or parallel lines on the roadway marking where pedestrians have priority; drivers must slow down and stop for anyone on or entering the crossing.

The rule that pedestrians on a marked crossing have the right of way over vehicles, so drivers must approach at reduced speed and stop before the crossing when someone is present.

A continuous painted line separating opposing traffic streams that must not be crossed or straddled, indicating that overtaking is prohibited because visibility or road layout is unsafe.

A dashed painted line separating traffic streams that may be crossed when it is safe, for example to overtake or turn, provided the manoeuvre does not endanger other road users.

The sequence of red, amber and green signals controlling traffic; red means stop, green means proceed if clear, and amber warns that the signal is about to change to red.

A blinking yellow light warning drivers to proceed with caution, usually indicating a faulty signal, an uncontrolled junction or a hazard ahead where normal priority rules apply.

The legal entitlement of one road user to proceed first in a given situation, such as at an unmarked junction or when merging, determined by signs, markings and traffic rules.

The rule that traffic already circulating on a roundabout has priority, so entering drivers must slow down, yield and give way to vehicles approaching from the left where traffic keeps right.

A restriction on passing another vehicle, typically near junctions, bends, hill crests, pedestrian crossings or where a solid line or sign forbids it because visibility is limited.

The gap kept behind the vehicle ahead, commonly at least two seconds in good conditions and more in rain, darkness or at high speed, allowing time to stop if it brakes suddenly.

The total distance a vehicle travels from the moment the driver decides to stop until it halts, made up of thinking distance plus braking distance and increasing with speed.

A temporary loss of braking power caused by overheating of brake pads or drums during repeated or prolonged heavy braking, often felt on long descents or after hard stops.

Slowing a vehicle by releasing the accelerator and selecting a lower gear so the engine resists motion, useful on long downhill stretches to reduce reliance on the foot brake.

Choosing the appropriate gear for speed, load and road gradient so the engine runs efficiently and the vehicle retains control, for example a low gear for steep climbs or descents.

Managing the clutch pedal smoothly to start, stop and manoeuvre at low speed without stalling, balancing engine power against the load and the gradient of the road.

Restarting an engine that has stopped unexpectedly, usually by pressing the clutch, selecting neutral, restarting and checking mirrors and surroundings before moving off again safely.

The routine of checking interior and exterior mirrors before signalling, changing speed, changing lane or opening a door, to confirm the space around the vehicle is clear.

A direct glance over the shoulder at the area not visible in the mirrors, needed before changing lanes, merging or overtaking to avoid colliding with a hidden vehicle.

Using indicators, brake lights or hand signals in good time to tell other road users what you plan to do, then cancelling the signal once the manoeuvre is complete.

Loss of tyre contact with the road when water builds up under the tyres at speed, causing steering and braking to feel light; the driver should ease off the accelerator without braking hard.

Techniques for regaining grip when tyres slide, such as easing off the accelerator, steering smoothly in the direction of travel and avoiding sudden braking or sharp turning.

The depth of grooves on a tyre that channel water away; worn tread increases stopping distance on wet roads and tyres below the legal minimum must be replaced.

The requirement that drivers and passengers wear seat belts where fitted, with the driver responsible for ensuring children are properly restrained in an approved child seat.

An approved child seat or booster used according to the child's age, height and weight, secured correctly in the vehicle to reduce injury in a collision.

A style of driving that anticipates hazards, keeps space around the vehicle, observes speed limits and assumes other road users may make mistakes, reducing the risk of collision.

The skill of spotting developing risks early, such as a pedestrian stepping out or a car braking ahead, and responding in time by adjusting speed or position.

Penalty points recorded against a driving licence for traffic offences; accumulating a set number within a period leads to suspension or cancellation of the licence.

A temporary withdrawal of the right to drive following serious offences, excessive demerit points or a medical or fitness concern, until the licence is restored by the authority.

The classes printed on a licence showing which vehicle types the holder may drive, such as private car, motorcycle, light truck or heavy goods vehicle, each with its own requirements.

A provisional authorisation allowing a person to practise driving under stated conditions, such as supervision by a qualified driver, display of learner plates and restrictions on passengers.

The periodic process of extending a licence's validity by paying fees, passing a medical or eye test where required and updating personal details with the licensing authority.

A monetary penalty imposed for a traffic offence, issued on the spot or by camera, which must be paid within a set period or may lead to further penalties.

The official record linking a vehicle to its owner and plate number, which must be kept current and transferred when ownership changes so the vehicle can legally be used on roads.

The registration plate fixed to a vehicle showing its official identifying characters, which must be clean, legible and correctly mounted at the front and rear where required.

A periodic safety and emissions check of brakes, lights, steering, tyres and exhaust confirming the vehicle meets roadworthiness standards before a certificate is issued.

The minimum third-party liability cover required by law, paying for injury or damage the insured driver causes to others, with proof of cover needed when registering or checking a vehicle.

A written record of a collision filed with the police or insurer, noting time, place, parties, injuries, damage and witness details, used for claims and legal proceedings.

Steps taken at a crash site to prevent further harm, such as switching on hazard lights, placing a warning triangle, moving people away from traffic and calling emergency services.

A stable side-lying posture used for an unconscious but breathing casualty, keeping the airway open and allowing fluids to drain while waiting for emergency help.

Chest compressions, and rescue breaths where trained, given to a casualty who is unresponsive and not breathing normally, performed at a steady rate until help arrives.