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Balearic PAU Music & Dance study materials
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Balearic PAU Music & Dance practice questions

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Question 1Music and dance in the Western tradition: historical periods, styles, genres and representative works

Which Baroque composer wrote the Brandenburg Concertos?

  1. Jean-Philippe Rameau
  2. Antonio Vivaldi
  3. Johann Sebastian Bach Correct answer.
  4. George Frideric Handel

Explanation

The six Brandenburg Concertos are a set of concerti grossi composed by Johann Sebastian Bach around 1721 and dedicated to the Margrave of Brandenburg. They are central works of the Baroque concerto repertoire.

Question 2Music and dance in the Western tradition: historical periods, styles, genres and representative works

Which form, built on a repeating bass pattern, dominated dances such as the passacaglia and chaconne in the Baroque era?

  1. Sonata-allegro form
  2. Through-composed form
  3. Ground bass Correct answer.
  4. Strophic form

Explanation

A ground bass (basso ostinato) is a short repeated melodic-rhythmic pattern in the bass over which variations unfold. The passacaglia and chaconne are the classic Baroque dances built on such patterns.

Question 3Music and dance in the Western tradition: historical periods, styles, genres and representative works

Which dance, in triple metre and often in moderate tempo, became a standard third movement of the Classical symphony?

  1. Sarabande
  2. Minuet Correct answer.
  3. Gavotte
  4. Tarantella

Explanation

The minuet, a stately triple-metre dance, was placed third in most Classical symphonies before Beethoven replaced it with the faster scherzo. Haydn and Mozart wrote hundreds of such movements.

Question 4Music and dance in the Western tradition: historical periods, styles, genres and representative works

Which composer wrote the ballets The Rite of Spring and Petrushka?

  1. Maurice Ravel
  2. Béla Bartók
  3. Igor Stravinsky Correct answer.
  4. Sergei Prokofiev

Explanation

Stravinsky composed both Petrushka (1911) and The Rite of Spring (1913) for Sergei Diaghilev's Ballets Russes. The Rite's premiere caused a famous riot in Paris.

Question 5Music and dance in the Western tradition: historical periods, styles, genres and representative works

Which texture, in which all voices move together with the same rhythm, is typical of medieval organum?

  1. Monophonic texture
  2. Imitative polyphony
  3. Heterophonic texture
  4. Homorhythmic texture Correct answer.

Explanation

Early organum, such as the parallel organum of the ninth century, sets a plainchant melody against added voices that move in the same rhythm, producing a homorhythmic texture. Later Notre Dame organum introduced more independent motion.

Question 6Music and dance in the Western tradition: historical periods, styles, genres and representative works

Which period is associated with the development of the madrigal as a secular vocal genre for several voices?

  1. Romantic
  2. Baroque
  3. Classical
  4. Renaissance Correct answer.

Explanation

The madrigal flourished in the sixteenth century, especially in Italy and England, as a polyphonic setting of a short poem. Monteverdi's later madrigals bridge the Renaissance and Baroque styles.

Question 7Music and dance in the Western tradition: historical periods, styles, genres and representative works

Which term describes the technique of writing a melody that represents a specific word or idea, common in Baroque vocal music?

  1. Bel canto
  2. Word painting Correct answer.
  3. Sprechstimme
  4. Coloratura

Explanation

Word painting sets a text so that the music literally reflects its meaning, for example a rising line for 'ascendit'. It is a hallmark of Renaissance and Baroque madrigals and oratorios.

Question 8Music and dance in the Western tradition: historical periods, styles, genres and representative works

Which ensemble is the standard vehicle for a string quartet?

  1. Violin, viola, cello and double bass
  2. Three violins and cello
  3. Two violins, two cellos
  4. Two violins, viola and cello Correct answer.

Explanation

The string quartet consists of first and second violins, viola and cello. This combination was established in the Classical period by composers such as Haydn and Mozart.

Question 9Music and dance in the Western tradition: historical periods, styles, genres and representative works

In sonata-allegro form, which section typically presents the main thematic material in contrasting keys?

  1. Coda
  2. Development
  3. Recapitulation
  4. Exposition Correct answer.

Explanation

The exposition introduces the principal themes, usually moving from the tonic to a contrasting key such as the dominant. The development then explores and transforms that material.

Question 10Music and dance in the Western tradition: historical periods, styles, genres and representative works

Which composer's symphonic poem Les Préludes helped establish the genre of programmatic orchestral music?

  1. Felix Mendelssohn
  2. Johannes Brahms
  3. Anton Bruckner
  4. Franz Liszt Correct answer.

Explanation

Liszt coined the term 'symphonic poem' (symphonische Dichtung) for one-movement orchestral works with a literary or pictorial programme. Les Préludes is among the most famous examples.

Question 11Music and dance in the Western tradition: historical periods, styles, genres and representative works

Which harmonic device, common in Wagner's Tristan und Isolde, delays resolution and weakens a clear sense of key?

  1. Chromaticism Correct answer.
  2. Modality
  3. Ostinato
  4. Pedal point

Explanation

Wagner's intense chromaticism, especially in the Tristan chord, postpones cadential resolution and pushes tonality toward its limits. This harmonic language influenced the breakdown of common-practice tonality.

Question 12Music and dance in the Western tradition: historical periods, styles, genres and representative works

Which genre, a one-movement orchestral work based on a literary or pictorial idea, is associated with Berlioz's Symphonie fantastique?

  1. Suite
  2. Programme symphony Correct answer.
  3. Fugue
  4. Concerto grosso

Explanation

The Symphonie fantastique is a programme symphony, telling a narrative through five movements and a recurring idée fixe. It exemplifies Romantic programme music.

Question 13Music and dance in the Western tradition: historical periods, styles, genres and representative works

Which vocal genre, for solo voice and orchestra with a sacred text, is exemplified by Handel's Messiah?

  1. Oratorio Correct answer.
  2. Motet
  3. Mass
  4. Cantata

Explanation

An oratorio is a large-scale sacred dramatic work for soloists, chorus and orchestra, performed without staging or costumes. Messiah is the most famous English oratorio.

Question 14Music and dance in the Western tradition: historical periods, styles, genres and representative works

Which dance form, originating in Spain and characterized by a slow triple metre and a strong accent on the second beat, appears in Baroque instrumental suites?

  1. Gigue
  2. Bourrée
  3. Sarabande Correct answer.
  4. Polonaise

Explanation

The sarabande is a slow triple-metre dance with a characteristic stress on the second beat, often used as a movement in Baroque suites. It appears in the suites of Bach and Handel.

Question 15Music and dance in the Western tradition: historical periods, styles, genres and representative works

Which composer is credited with developing the modern piano technique and writing the Études and Ballades for solo piano?

  1. Robert Schumann
  2. Franz Liszt
  3. Franz Schubert
  4. Frédéric Chopin Correct answer.

Explanation

Chopin wrote two sets of Études and four Ballades that expanded piano technique and expressive range. He is closely associated with the intimate salon and the character piece.

Question 16Music and dance in the Western tradition: historical periods, styles, genres and representative works

Which term describes a short, self-contained Romantic piano piece expressing a single mood or idea?

  1. Character piece Correct answer.
  2. Fugue
  3. Concerto
  4. Sonata form

Explanation

Character pieces such as the nocturne, impromptu and intermezzo are short piano works evoking a specific mood or image. They were central to nineteenth-century domestic music-making.

Question 17Music and dance in the Western tradition: historical periods, styles, genres and representative works

Which twentieth-century movement, represented by Schoenberg, abandoned tonal centres in favour of the twelve-tone method?

  1. Second Viennese School Correct answer.
  2. Les Six
  3. The Mighty Handful
  4. The Florentine Camerata

Explanation

The Second Viennese School, comprising Schoenberg, Berg and Webern, developed atonality and then twelve-tone serialism. This broke decisively with common-practice tonality.

Question 18Music and dance in the Western tradition: historical periods, styles, genres and representative works

Which musical element is the primary organizing force in African-derived dance music such as the habanera and the tango?

  1. Through-composed melody
  2. Counterpoint
  3. Syncopated rhythm Correct answer.
  4. Functional harmony

Explanation

Syncopated, polyrhythmic patterns drive the habanera and tango, with accents displaced across the beat. Rhythm, rather than harmonic development, is the central organizing principle.

Question 19Music and dance in the Western tradition: historical periods, styles, genres and representative works

In a Baroque da capo aria, what does the singer typically do in the returning A section?

  1. Change to a new key
  2. Speak the text rhythmically
  3. Reduce the orchestra to continuo
  4. Add improvised ornaments Correct answer.

Explanation

The da capo aria follows an A–B–A structure, and on the return of A the singer embellishes the melody with improvised ornaments. This display of virtuosity was expected in Baroque opera and oratorio.

Question 20Music and dance in the Western tradition: historical periods, styles, genres and representative works

Which work by Igor Stravinsky uses shifting, irregular accents and a famous opening bassoon solo to depict a pagan ritual?

  1. Pulcinella
  2. The Firebird
  3. Symphony of Psalms
  4. The Rite of Spring Correct answer.

Explanation

The Rite of Spring opens with a high bassoon solo and is built on changing metres and violent accents depicting a pagan sacrifice. Its 1913 premiere became a landmark of modernism.

Question 21Music and dance in the Western tradition: historical periods, styles, genres and representative works

Which texture, characteristic of Renaissance sacred polyphony, features voices entering one after another with the same melodic idea?

  1. Drone-based texture
  2. Homophony
  3. Imitative counterpoint Correct answer.
  4. Monody

Explanation

Imitative counterpoint, in which each voice presents the same melodic idea in turn, underpins the Renaissance motet and Mass. Josquin and Palestrina are its great masters.

Question 22Music and dance in the Western tradition: historical periods, styles, genres and representative works

Which composer's operas, including The Marriage of Figaro and Don Giovanni, exemplify the Classical style and the ensemble finale?

  1. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Correct answer.
  2. Gioachino Rossini
  3. Christoph Willibald Gluck
  4. Henry Purcell

Explanation

Mozart's Italian comic operas, written with librettist Lorenzo Da Ponte, are celebrated for their complex ensemble finales and psychological depth. They define the Classical operatic style.

Question 23Music and dance in the Western tradition: historical periods, styles, genres and representative works

How does Beethoven's Eroica Symphony depart from the Classical symphonic model it inherited from Haydn?

  1. It reduces the orchestra to a chamber ensemble
  2. It consists of a single continuous movement
  3. It expands the form and scale and introduces a funeral march in the second movement Correct answer.
  4. It abandons sonata form entirely

Explanation

The Eroica is far longer than earlier symphonies, uses a large orchestra and places a funeral march in the second movement. Its heroic scope and harmonic daring mark a transition toward Romanticism.

Question 24Music and dance in the Western tradition: historical periods, styles, genres and representative works

Which feature of Debussy's Prélude à l'après-midi d'un faune challenged the tonal and rhythmic conventions of the late nineteenth century?

  1. Baroque-style ground bass variations
  2. Whole-tone colouring and a fluid, unbarred sense of pulse Correct answer.
  3. A fugal finale in strict counterpoint
  4. Strict twelve-tone serialism

Explanation

Debussy's Prélude opens with a chromatic flute solo and uses whole-tone and pentatonic colouring with a supple, floating pulse. This loosened the grip of functional tonality and regular metre on orchestral music.

Question 25Music and dance in the Western tradition: historical periods, styles, genres and representative works

Which structural principle allows a Classical concerto to balance the soloist against the orchestra through alternating tutti and solo passages?

  1. Continuous variation over a ground bass
  2. Through-composed recitative
  3. Ritornello-like alternation and double exposition Correct answer.
  4. Strophic song form

Explanation

Classical concertos typically open with an orchestral tutti presenting the themes, followed by the soloist's entry, an alternation that echoes the Baroque ritornello principle. The movement usually includes a cadenza near the end.

Question 26Music and dance in the Western tradition: historical periods, styles, genres and representative works

Which Baroque dance form, used as the first movement of Bach's Brandenburg Concerto No. 3, is built on a continuous, driving rhythmic figure in fast duple metre?

  1. Gavotte
  2. Allemande
  3. Sarabande
  4. Gigue Correct answer.

Explanation

The gigue is a fast compound-metre dance of British origin that became the closing movement of the Baroque suite; Bach's continuous running figuration and lively pulse reflect this character. The allemande is moderate and duple but flowing rather than driving, and the sarabande is slow triple.

Question 27Music and dance in the Western tradition: historical periods, styles, genres and representative works

Which genre, cultivated in France by Lully and later Rameau, combines a mythological plot with sung recitative, choruses and elaborate dance episodes?

  1. Singspiel
  2. Oratorio
  3. Tragédie en musique Correct answer.
  4. Opera buffa

Explanation

The tragédie en musique (or tragédie lyrique) was the French serious opera created by Lully, in which recitative modelled on French declamation alternates with choruses and divertissements containing ballet. Its plots draw on mythology and its style is distinct from Italian comic and German spoken-dialogue genres.

Question 28Music and dance in the Western tradition: historical periods, styles, genres and representative works

In a Renaissance mass, which section sets the words 'Lord, have mercy' and is normally the first of the five movements?

  1. Kyrie Correct answer.
  2. Agnus Dei
  3. Credo
  4. Gloria

Explanation

The Ordinary of the Mass consists of Kyrie, Gloria, Credo, Sanctus (with Benedictus) and Agnus Dei in that order, so the Kyrie opens the cycle with the Greek text 'Kyrie eleison'. Palestrina's masses, for example, follow this fixed sequence.

Question 29Music and dance in the Western tradition: historical periods, styles, genres and representative works

Which characteristic texture and scoring identifies the sixteenth-century Venetian polychoral style cultivated at St Mark's by Willaert and Giovanni Gabrieli?

  1. Two or more separated choirs answering each other across the space Correct answer.
  2. A four-voice setting in which all parts move in the same rhythm throughout
  3. A solo voice accompanied by a continuo of harpsichord and cello
  4. A single unaccompanied melodic line with no harmonic support

Explanation

Venetian polychoral writing divides forces into cori spezzati, spatially separated groups that alternate and combine, exploiting the building's acoustics. Gabrieli's motets and canzonas show this antiphonal exchange, sometimes with instruments doubling or replacing voices.

Question 30Music and dance in the Western tradition: historical periods, styles, genres and representative works

Which feature most clearly distinguishes a Classical string quartet from a Baroque trio sonata?

  1. Reliance on a figured bass realised by the performers
  2. Obligatory viola part with four independent, equal voices Correct answer.
  3. Presence of a solo concerto-like virtuoso first violin
  4. Use of a basso continuo harpsichord to fill in the harmony

Explanation

The Classical quartet scores two violins, viola and cello as four obligatory and largely equal parts, with no continuo realisation. The trio sonata, by contrast, normally uses two upper instruments plus basso continuo, so the harmony is improvised from a figured bass.

Question 31Music and dance in the Western tradition: historical periods, styles, genres and representative works

Which formal plan describes the typical first movement of a Classical symphony, with an exposition, a development and a recapitulation?

  1. Rondo form
  2. Ritornello form
  3. Theme and variations
  4. Sonata form Correct answer.

Explanation

Sonata form organises a movement in three broad phases: exposition presenting themes in contrasting keys, development transforming them, and recapitulation resolving them in the tonic. It became the standard frame for opening symphonic movements in the Classical period.

Question 32Music and dance in the Western tradition: historical periods, styles, genres and representative works

Which harmonic practice, central to the seconda pratica around 1600, allowed composers to set expressive text with unprepared dissonances and bold chromaticism?

  1. Strict canon at the fifth
  2. Modal transposition of the cantus firmus
  3. Musica ficta applied only at cadences
  4. The Monteverdi–Artusi controversy over the seconda pratica Correct answer.

Explanation

Monteverdi's defence of the seconda pratica justified treating dissonance as a servant of the text rather than of strict counterpoint rules, provoking Artusi's attack. Cruda Amarilli and the madrigals of the period illustrate this expressive licence.

Question 33Music and dance in the Western tradition: historical periods, styles, genres and representative works

Which figure, a repeated, obstinate bass pattern over which variations are built, underlies Purcell's Dido's Lament and many Baroque grounds?

  1. Passacaglia ground bass Correct answer.
  2. Basso continuo
  3. Walking bass
  4. Alberti bass

Explanation

A ground bass is a short recurring bass formula over which the upper parts unfold variations; Purcell's lament descends chromatically over such a ground. The passacaglia and chaconne are related variation types built on a repeated bass.

Question 34Music and dance in the Western tradition: historical periods, styles, genres and representative works

In a nineteenth-century ballet, which convention governs the pas de deux structure performed by the principal dancers?

  1. Recitative, aria and cabaletta
  2. A single continuous dance with no solo sections
  3. Prelude, fugue and chorale
  4. Entrée, adagio, two variations and a coda Correct answer.

Explanation

The Classical and Romantic pas de deux conventionally comprises an entrée, a slow adagio for the couple, a variation for each dancer and a closing coda. This plan frames the ballerina's display and the partner's support in works such as those of Petipa.

Question 35Music and dance in the Western tradition: historical periods, styles, genres and representative works

Which nineteenth-century Russian composer wrote the ballets Swan Lake, The Sleeping Beauty and The Nutcracker, working closely with the choreographer Petipa?

  1. Modest Mussorgsky
  2. Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov
  3. Alexander Borodin
  4. Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky Correct answer.

Explanation

Tchaikovsky raised ballet music to symphonic quality in these three scores, and The Sleeping Beauty and The Nutcracker were created with Petipa's choreography. His dance music combines memorable melody with developed orchestral writing.

Question 36Music and dance in the Western tradition: historical periods, styles, genres and representative works

How does the orchestration of Berlioz's Symphonie fantastique depart from earlier symphonic practice?

  1. It reduces the ensemble to a chamber group of soloists
  2. It expands the orchestra with harps, bells and multiple percussion to serve a narrative programme Correct answer.
  3. It confines the brass to doubling the string melody throughout
  4. It uses only strings and continuo, following Baroque convention

Explanation

Berlioz scored for a large orchestra including harps, bells, timpani and other percussion, using colour to depict the programme of the idée fixe and the witches' sabbath. This expansion of the orchestra became a model for later Romantic programme music.

Question 37Music and dance in the Western tradition: historical periods, styles, genres and representative works

Which element of Wagner's music drama replaces the numbered arias and recitatives of earlier opera?

  1. A succession of self-contained dance numbers
  2. Alternation of da capo arias with secco recitative
  3. Spoken dialogue interrupted by songs
  4. Continuous through-composed declamation built on leitmotifs Correct answer.

Explanation

Wagner's music dramas unfold without numbered set pieces, using continuous orchestral writing in which leitmotifs identify characters, objects and ideas. The vocal line is a flexible declamation shaped by the text rather than by aria conventions.

Question 38Music and dance in the Western tradition: historical periods, styles, genres and representative works

Which twentieth-century ballets by Stravinsky, first performed in Paris by the Ballets Russes, provoked a notorious premiere riot in 1913?

  1. Apollon musagète
  2. The Firebird
  3. The Rite of Spring Correct answer.
  4. Petrushka

Explanation

The Rite of Spring premiered in Paris in 1913 with Nijinsky's choreography, and its pounding irregular rhythms and dissonant harmony caused an uproar. The Firebird and Petrushka are earlier Ballets Russes scores with a more conventional harmonic language.

Question 39Music and dance in the Western tradition: historical periods, styles, genres and representative works

Which technique, used by Schoenberg in Pierrot lunaire, has the voice approximate pitch while declaiming the text in a speech-like manner?

  1. Coloratura
  2. Falsetto
  3. Bel canto
  4. Sprechstimme Correct answer.

Explanation

Sprechstimme, or speech-song, asks the performer to follow a notated rhythm and contour but to glide away from exact pitches, producing a heightened declamation. Schoenberg used it throughout Pierrot lunaire (1912) to intensify the macabre texts.

Question 40Music and dance in the Western tradition: historical periods, styles, genres and representative works

Which compositional device, central to Steve Reich's phase works such as Piano Phase, generates musical change?

  1. Strict imitation of a cantus firmus in augmented values
  2. Serial permutation of a twelve-note row
  3. Two identical patterns repeated at slightly different tempos until they shift out of alignment Correct answer.
  4. Aleatoric notation leaving pitches to the performer's choice

Explanation

In process music Reich has two identical patterns played at slightly different speeds so that they gradually move out of phase, creating new composite textures before realigning. This audible process replaces traditional thematic development.

Question 41Musical and choreographic language: rhythm, melody, harmony, texture, form, tempo and dynamics

En un compás de 6/8, ¿qué figura representa la unidad de tiempo y cuántos tiempos hay por compás?

  1. La blanca, y hay tres tiempos por compás
  2. La corchea, y hay seis tiempos por compás
  3. La negra, y hay seis tiempos por compás
  4. La negra con puntillo, y hay dos tiempos por compás Correct answer.

Explanation

El 6/8 es un compás compuesto binario: cada tiempo se divide en tres corcheas, por lo que la unidad de tiempo es la negra con puntillo y hay dos tiempos por compás. Las seis corcheas se agrupan de tres en tres.

Question 42Musical and choreographic language: rhythm, melody, harmony, texture, form, tempo and dynamics

¿Qué intervalo se forma entre do y sol ascendente dentro de la misma octava?

  1. Una sexta mayor
  2. Una quinta justa Correct answer.
  3. Una tercera mayor
  4. Una cuarta justa

Explanation

Entre do y sol hay cinco grados de la escala (do-re-mi-fa-sol) y la distancia es de siete semitonos, lo que define una quinta justa. Es uno de los intervalos consonantes básicos del sistema tonal.

Question 43Musical and choreographic language: rhythm, melody, harmony, texture, form, tempo and dynamics

En una textura homofónica, ¿cómo se relacionan las voces de una obra coral?

  1. Una sola voz canta mientras las demás guardan silencio
  2. Cada voz imita a la anterior con un desfase temporal
  3. Todas las voces se mueven con el mismo ritmo bajo una melodía principal Correct answer.
  4. Las voces se suceden sin superponerse en el tiempo

Explanation

La homofonía implica un movimiento simultáneo de las voces, con ritmos semejantes que sostienen una melodía principal y un acompañamiento armónico. Se distingue del contrapunto imitativo y de la monodía.

Question 44Musical and choreographic language: rhythm, melody, harmony, texture, form, tempo and dynamics

¿Qué indica el término italiano 'adagio' en una partitura?

  1. Un aumento progresivo de la intensidad
  2. Una articulación picada y seca
  3. Un tempo lento y tranquilo Correct answer.
  4. Un tempo muy rápido y vivo

Explanation

Adagio es una indicación de tempo que designa una velocidad lenta y sosegada, situada entre el largo y el andante. Se refiere exclusivamente a la velocidad, no a la dinámica ni a la articulación.

Question 45Musical and choreographic language: rhythm, melody, harmony, texture, form, tempo and dynamics

¿Qué signo de dinámica indica que se debe tocar con la máxima suavidad?

  1. pp Correct answer.
  2. ff
  3. sfz
  4. mf

Explanation

La abreviatura pp (pianissimo) indica una intensidad muy suave, inferior al piano simple. Las demás indicaciones designan niveles fuertes o un acento súbito.

Question 46Musical and choreographic language: rhythm, melody, harmony, texture, form, tempo and dynamics

En una forma binaria simple, ¿cómo se organiza el material musical?

  1. En tres secciones donde la primera regresa al final
  2. En un tema con variaciones sucesivas sobre el mismo material
  3. En una única sección que se repite sin cambios
  4. En dos secciones contrastantes que se repiten, A y B Correct answer.

Explanation

La forma binaria consta de dos secciones, A y B, habitualmente repetidas y con material contrastante. No implica retorno del tema inicial ni variaciones sistemáticas.

Question 47Musical and choreographic language: rhythm, melody, harmony, texture, form, tempo and dynamics

¿Qué alteración produce un bemol colocado en la armadura sobre una nota?

  1. Alarga la duración de la nota afectada
  2. Baja esa nota un semitono cromático en toda la obra o sección Correct answer.
  3. Sube esa nota un semitono cromático
  4. Anula cualquier alteración previa de esa nota

Explanation

El bemol de la armadura afecta a todas las notas del mismo nombre y octava durante la pieza o hasta un cambio de armadura, bajándolas un semitono. No modifica la duración ni anula otras alteraciones como el becuadro.

Question 48Musical and choreographic language: rhythm, melody, harmony, texture, form, tempo and dynamics

¿Qué caracteriza a una escala pentatónica?

  1. Tiene cinco sonidos por octava y prescinde de dos grados de la escala diatónica Correct answer.
  2. Tiene siete sonidos por octava con dos semitonos fijos
  3. Tiene seis sonidos organizados por tonos enteros
  4. Tiene doce sonidos equidistantes por octava

Explanation

La escala pentatónica contiene cinco alturas por octava y suele omitir el cuarto y el séptimo grado de la diatónica. Su ausencia de semitonos le da un carácter abierto y estable.

Question 49Musical and choreographic language: rhythm, melody, harmony, texture, form, tempo and dynamics

Una obra en 4/4 presenta una síncopa cuando el acento musical:

  1. Se suprime por completo durante un silencio general
  2. Se desplaza a un compás de subdivisión ternaria
  3. Recae en una parte débil del compás y se prolonga hacia la parte fuerte siguiente Correct answer.
  4. Coincide siempre con el primer tiempo de cada compás

Explanation

La síncopa desplaza el acento natural del pulso hacia una parte débil, prolongando la nota hasta la parte fuerte siguiente. Así se rompe la jerarquía métrica esperada sin cambiar el compás.

Question 50Musical and choreographic language: rhythm, melody, harmony, texture, form, tempo and dynamics

En tonalidad de re mayor, ¿qué acorde se forma de manera natural sobre el segundo grado de la escala?

  1. La menor
  2. Mi menor Correct answer.
  3. Mi mayor
  4. Fa sostenido mayor

Explanation

En re mayor los grados son re-mi-fa#-sol-la-si-do#. Sobre el segundo grado (mi) se construye una tríada menor, mi-sol-si, que funciona como subdominante relativa.