EIP flashcards
EIP · Build recall with a focused review session.
32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Canonical data model
- A shared, technology-neutral data schema that decouples integration participants, so each system maps to the canonical format instead of directly to every other system.
- Idempotent consumer
- A message handler that produces the same result when the same message is processed more than once, typically by checking a unique operation key before applying changes.
- At-least-once delivery
- A messaging guarantee in which every message is delivered but duplicates or redelivery can occur, so consumers must deduplicate by a stable message or business identifier.
- Saga pattern
- A distributed transaction approach using a sequence of local transactions and compensating actions; if a step fails, previously completed steps are undone by idempotent compensations.
- API gateway
- An intermediary that routes client requests to services and commonly enforces authentication, authorization, rate limits, and protocol translation at a single controlled entry point.
- Point-to-point integration
- A connection model in which each system integrates directly with every other required system, producing many custom links and high maintenance as participants increase.
- Service coupling instability
- The ratio of efferent to total coupling, calculated as I = Ce / (Ca + Ce); values near zero indicate stable services with many incoming dependencies.
- Star schema
- A dimensional model with a central fact table joined to denormalized dimension tables; it simplifies queries and reduces join depth compared with a snowflake schema.
- Slowly changing dimension type 2
- A dimension design that preserves history by inserting a new row with new validity dates and a current-row flag when an attribute changes.
- CAP theorem
- A distributed system property stating that during a network partition it cannot guarantee both consistency and availability; architects choose which to preserve per operation.
- Data lineage
- Metadata that records how data moves from sources through transformations to targets, supporting impact analysis, debugging, audit, and reproducibility of analytical results.
- Data freshness
- A timeliness metric equal to current time minus the timestamp of the most recent successfully loaded data, often monitored against a defined service-level objective.
- ELT pipeline
- An integration approach that loads raw source data into a target warehouse or lake and then transforms it using the target platform's compute and governance features.
- Data quality completeness
- The proportion of required fields or records that contain non-null, valid values, calculated as completed required items divided by total required items.
- CIA triad
- The security model of confidentiality, integrity, and availability; controls are evaluated by how they protect each property against relevant threats.
- Residual risk
- The risk remaining after existing controls are applied; it is compared with the organization's risk appetite to decide acceptance, mitigation, transfer, or avoidance.
- Zero trust
- A security model that grants no implicit trust based on network location and instead verifies every user, device, and request against policy before access.
- Role-based access control
- An authorization model that assigns permissions to roles rather than individuals; users receive permissions by being assigned one or more roles.
- Recovery time objective
- The maximum acceptable elapsed time to restore a business process or system after disruption, derived from business impact analysis and used to design recovery capabilities.
- Incident response containment
- The incident phase that limits spread and damage by isolating affected systems, blocking malicious activity, and preserving evidence before eradication and recovery.
- Definition of Done
- A shared checklist of conditions that an increment must satisfy before it is considered complete, such as tested, reviewed, documented, and accepted by the product owner.
- RACI matrix
- A responsibility assignment chart that labels each activity as responsible, accountable, consulted, or informed; exactly one role should be accountable for each activity.
- Cost performance index
- Earned value divided by actual cost; a value below 1.0 indicates the project has spent more than the value earned to date.
- Schedule performance index
- Earned value divided by planned value; a value below 1.0 indicates less work has been completed than planned at the measurement date.
- Change control board
- A governance body that reviews proposed changes, assesses impact and risk, and approves, rejects, or defers changes according to delegated authority.
- Service-level objective
- A measurable reliability target for a service, expressed through indicators such as availability or latency, used internally to manage performance against service-level agreements.
- Shared responsibility model
- A cloud governance allocation stating that the provider secures the cloud infrastructure while the customer secures data, identities, configurations, and workloads they control.
- Blue-green deployment
- A release technique using two identical environments; traffic switches from the current blue version to the new green version, enabling rapid rollback if validation fails.
- Golden signals
- Four operational monitoring signals: latency, traffic, errors, and saturation; together they reveal service health and impending capacity problems.
- Pilot light disaster recovery
- A recovery strategy that keeps a minimal core environment running and scales up critical systems after disaster, balancing lower cost against longer recovery time.
- Immutable infrastructure
- A deployment practice in which servers are replaced rather than modified in place, reducing configuration drift and making rollback dependent on redeploying a known image.
- Horizontal scaling
- Adding or removing identical service instances to handle load; it requires stateless design or shared external state to distribute requests reliably.