IA Barber flashcards
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32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Disinfection
- A process using an EPA-registered product that destroys most pathogenic organisms on nonporous surfaces and implements, but does not kill bacterial spores.
- Sterilization
- The only process that destroys all microbial life, including bacterial spores, on implements; required for items that penetrate skin or contact blood.
- Tuberculocidal disinfectant
- An EPA-registered hospital disinfectant proven effective against the tuberculosis bacterium; required for implements contaminated with blood or body fluids.
- Sharps container
- A labeled, closable, puncture-resistant container used to discard razor blades and other contaminated sharp items immediately after use.
- Surfactant
- A cleansing molecule with a hydrophilic head and a lipophilic tail; the tail binds oil and soil while the head keeps the micelle suspended for rinsing.
- Scalp pH
- The scalp surface pH is about 4.5 to 5.5, mildly acidic; alkaline shampoos swell the cuticle while acidic rinses smooth and close it.
- Hard water
- Water containing dissolved calcium and magnesium measured in grains per gallon; it forms dulling film and reduces lather, so chelating shampoos are used.
- Hair porosity
- The hair's ability to absorb and retain moisture; high porosity absorbs and loses moisture quickly, while low porosity resists product penetration.
- Cross-checking
- Re-cutting a section of hair from the opposite direction to verify balance and evenness; a standard quality check on every finished haircut.
- Elevation
- The angle at which hair is held from the head during cutting; 0 degrees builds a blunt line, 45 degrees graduates, and 90 degrees layers.
- Clipper guard numbers
- Guards are numbered by the length of hair left, not removed; each number typically adds about 1/8 inch (3 mm) of length.
- Taper
- A blended cut that shortens gradually from the longer top to the shorter sides and nape, creating a smooth transition without a hard line.
- Free-hand stroke
- A shaving stroke in which the razor is held at about a 30-degree angle and moved with the skin pulled taut, following the direction of hair growth.
- Beard neckline
- The line where beard hair is removed on the neck, positioned just above the Adam's apple and shaped to follow the natural jaw line.
- Styptic
- A coagulant applied to a shaving nick to stop bleeding; the blade is replaced before the service continues.
- Shaving contraindications
- Shaving is not performed over moles, warts, inflamed or broken skin, or recent chemical services; these areas are avoided to prevent injury and infection.
- Neutralizer
- An oxidizing agent, such as hydrogen peroxide or sodium bromate, that re-forms disulfide bonds and stops the permanent wave or relaxer process.
- Thioglycolate relaxer
- A no-lye relaxing system using ammonium thioglycolate to break disulfide bonds; it requires an oxidative neutralizer to re-form the bonds.
- Retouch application
- A relaxer or perm service applied only to new growth, never over previously processed hair, to prevent overlapping and breakage.
- Patch test
- A small application of product on the skin, checked 24 to 48 hours before a chemical service, to detect an allergic reaction.
- Developer volume
- Hydrogen peroxide strength that determines lift; 10 volume deposits, 20 lifts 1 to 2 levels, 30 lifts 2 to 3, and 40 lifts 3 to 4.
- Law of color
- Primary colors are red, yellow, and blue; secondary colors are orange, green, and violet; complementary colors neutralize each other on the color wheel.
- Underlying pigment
- The warmth exposed when hair is lightened, following the natural level from red at dark levels to pale yellow at the lightest blonde.
- Strand test
- A test on a small section of hair before a chemical service to determine processing time, expected result, and whether the service is safe.
- Hair shaft layers
- The cuticle is the outer overlapping scale layer, the cortex is the middle layer containing melanin and disulfide bonds, and the medulla is the innermost core.
- Hair growth phases
- Anagen is the active growth phase lasting years, catagen is the short transition phase, and telogen is the resting phase after which hair sheds.
- Arrector pili muscle
- A small muscle attached to the hair follicle that contracts in response to cold or emotion, raising the hair and producing goose bumps.
- Skin layers
- The epidermis is the outer avascular layer, the dermis contains follicles, glands, vessels, and nerves, and the subcutaneous layer provides fat and insulation.
- Scope of practice
- The set of services a licensed barber is legally permitted to perform under state law; services outside that scope are prohibited.
- Safety data sheet
- A document providing hazard, handling, and first-aid information for a chemical product; it must be available for every product in the salon.
- Booth renter
- An independent contractor who pays fixed rent for a station, sets their own hours and prices, and pays self-employment tax on income.
- Informed consent
- Client agreement to a service after being told the procedure, products, risks, and alternatives; documented in the client record before chemical or shaving services.