IB Philosophy HL study materials
IB Philosophy HL study resources

IB Philosophy HL study plan

IB Philosophy HL · Give each week a clear focus.

8 weeks · About 6 hours per week

Week 1

Core theme: Being human

  • Map the Core theme 'Being human' into its component debates (mind and body, self and other, freedom and determinism, reason and emotion, identity and change) and write a one-page concept map linking each debate to at least two named philosophers.

  • Reconstruct and contrast two opposed positions on the mind–body problem in your own words, stating each position's strongest premise and its weakest inference.

  • Draft five original exam-style questions on Being human and answer one of them under 40-minute timed conditions without notes.

  • Build a running glossary of 15 Core-theme technical terms with a one-sentence definition and one illustrative example each.

Your checkpoint

A one-page Core-theme concept map plus one timed 40-minute essay on a self-written Being human question.

Week 2

Core theme: Being human

  • Argue both sides of the free will and determinism debate, then defend a single verdict with two counter-objections anticipated and rebutted.

  • Analyse how personal identity persists through change by testing two rival criteria against a single worked counterexample you construct yourself.

  • Compare two philosophers' accounts of the self–other relation and identify the precise point where their arguments diverge.

  • Write a 500-word response that integrates a counter-perspective rather than merely listing it.

Your checkpoint

A 500-word argued response on freedom, determinism, or personal identity that explicitly rebuts one opposing view.

Week 3

Optional theme: Aesthetics & Optional theme: Epistemology

  • Distinguish aesthetic judgement from mere taste by reconstructing at least two positions on objectivity in beauty and stating what evidence each would accept.

  • Explain the intentional fallacy and the problem of interpretation, then apply both to one artwork you describe in text only.

  • Define knowledge, belief, justification, and truth, and test a Gettier-style counterexample against the justified-true-belief analysis.

  • Contrast rationalism and empiricism on the source of knowledge and identify one decisive objection to each.

  • Write four flash summaries (80 words each) that could serve as essay openings for Aesthetics and Epistemology questions.

Your checkpoint

Four 80-word flash summaries, two on Aesthetics and two on Epistemology, each naming a position and its key objection.

Week 4

Optional theme: Ethics & Optional theme: Philosophy and contemporary society

  • Compare consequentialist, deontological, and virtue-ethical reasoning on one concrete moral dilemma and show where each framework gives a different verdict.

  • Evaluate the is–ought gap and at least one metaethical position (e.g. moral realism versus anti-realism) with a stated objection.

  • Analyse a contemporary social issue philosophically, connecting it to at least one Core-theme concept and one ethical theory.

  • Draft an essay plan that moves from exposition to evaluation within three paragraphs, with a thesis stated in the first.

  • Sit a 60-minute timed essay spanning Ethics and Philosophy and contemporary society.

Your checkpoint

One 60-minute timed essay on an Ethics or contemporary-society question, self-marked against a criteria checklist.

Week 5

Optional theme: Philosophy of religion & Optional theme: Philosophy of science

  • Reconstruct and assess at least two arguments for and two against the existence of God, naming the type of inference each relies on.

  • Examine the problem of evil and one proposed theodicy, and state whether the theodicy succeeds and why.

  • Contrast two accounts of scientific method (e.g. falsificationism versus paradigm-based accounts) and identify the anomaly each struggles to explain.

  • Explain the problem of induction and the underdetermination of theory by evidence, and show how each threatens scientific realism.

  • Write a comparative paragraph that sets a religious argument and a scientific argument side by side on the same epistemic question.

Your checkpoint

A comparative one-page analysis pairing one Philosophy of religion argument with one Philosophy of science argument on the same epistemic issue.

Week 6

Prescribed text study

  • Identify the central argument of your prescribed text and reconstruct its premises and conclusion in numbered form.

  • Extract and explain five key passages in your own words, stating each passage's role in the wider argument.

  • Situate the text in its historical and philosophical context and name at least two thinkers it responds to.

  • Generate three likely prescribed-text questions and outline a response to each in bullet form.

  • Write one full prescribed-text essay under timed conditions with quotation used only where you can recall it accurately.

Your checkpoint

A numbered premise–conclusion reconstruction of the prescribed text plus one timed prescribed-text essay.

Week 7

Internal assessment: philosophical analysis of a non-philosophical stimulus & Core theme: Being human

  • Select a non-philosophical stimulus (a news item, advertisement, film scene, or policy document) and extract the implicit philosophical assumptions it makes.

  • Formulate a clear philosophical question from the stimulus and justify why it is contestable rather than empirical.

  • Draft the internal assessment analysis with an explicit thesis, structured argument, and at least one counter-position addressed.

  • Revise the draft for precision, removing unsupported assertions and replacing vague terms with defined ones.

  • Revisit two Core-theme debates and check that your analysis connects to at least one of them.

Your checkpoint

A complete internal assessment draft of the philosophical analysis, with a thesis, argument structure, and one counter-position addressed.

Week 8

Core theme: Being human & Optional theme: Aesthetics & Optional theme: Epistemology & Optional theme: Ethics & Optional theme: Philosophy and contemporary society & Optional theme: Philosophy of religion & Optional theme: Philosophy of science & Prescribed text study & Internal assessment: philosophical analysis of a non-philosophical stimulus

  • Sit two full mock papers under exam timing and mark them against a self-built criteria checklist.

  • Consolidate the glossary into a single revision sheet covering all domains, pruning duplicates.

  • Identify your three weakest domains from mock results and write targeted corrective notes for each.

  • Rehearse essay openings for every optional theme so that each can be started within two minutes.

  • Finalise and proofread the internal assessment analysis for submission.

Your checkpoint

Two completed timed mock papers with self-marked feedback and a finalised internal assessment submission.

Milestones

Week 2: You can state two opposed positions on freedom and determinism from memory and name the strongest objection to each without notes.

Week 4: You have completed one 60-minute timed essay and self-marked it, scoring at least adequate on argument structure and use of counter-positions.

Week 6: You can reconstruct the prescribed text's central argument in numbered premises and answer a past-style question on it in 60 minutes.

Week 8: Two full mock papers are completed under timing, the internal assessment is finalised, and every domain has at least one flash summary in your revision sheet.