ie-hairdressing-craft-l6 flashcards
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32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Patch test
- A small application of oxidative colour product on the skin, usually behind the ear or in the elbow crease, assessed after 48 hours to detect sensitisation before a full application.
- Informed consent
- The client's voluntary agreement to a service after being told the products, process, risks and alternatives; it is documented on the record card before chemical work begins.
- Contraindication
- A condition or circumstance that makes a service unsafe, such as broken skin, a contagious scalp infection or a failed elasticity test; the service is declined and the client referred.
- Scope of practice
- The boundary of services a qualified professional may perform autonomously; conditions outside it, such as medical scalp disease, are referred to a doctor or dermatologist.
- Disinfection contact time
- The period a tool must remain wet with disinfectant for it to be effective, as stated by the manufacturer; tools must be cleaned of debris first.
- Safety data sheet
- A document supplied with each chemical listing its hazards, first-aid measures, handling and storage requirements; kept accessible in the salon for every product used.
- Standard precautions
- Treating all blood and body fluids as potentially infectious by using gloves, eye protection and disinfection, regardless of whether the client appears healthy.
- Clinical waste
- Waste contaminated with blood or body fluids, such as used blades or bloodied cotton, which is bagged separately and disposed of under local waste regulations.
- Porosity test
- A strand of shed hair is placed in water; floating indicates low porosity and rapid sinking indicates high porosity, which takes colour faster and loses it faster.
- Elasticity test
- A wet strand is stretched to check the hair's strength; healthy hair extends about 30 percent and returns, while hair that snaps or stays stretched is too damaged for strong chemicals.
- Hair density versus texture
- Density is how much hair grows on the scalp, described as thin, medium or thick; texture is the diameter of one strand, described as fine, medium or coarse.
- Double crown
- Two adjacent growth whorls at the crown that push hair outward in different directions, requiring longer perimeter weight and directional drying rather than a blunt cut.
- Cationic conditioner
- A conditioning agent such as cetrimonium chloride whose positive charge bonds to negatively charged hair, reducing static, friction and combing damage.
- Protein-moisture balance
- The state where hair has enough moisture and enough protein; excess protein makes hair stiff and brittle, so a moisture treatment is then needed instead.
- Effleurage
- A scalp massage stroke using light, gliding fingertip pressure from the hairline toward the crown, used to relax the client and support circulation.
- Clarifying shampoo
- A stronger-cleansing shampoo that removes product build-up and excess sebum, suited to oily scalps and used before chemical services to allow even penetration.
- Elevation
- The angle at which hair is held away from its natural fall when cutting; 0 degrees gives a solid form and 90 degrees gives uniform layers.
- Travelling guide
- A moving section of previously cut hair used as the length reference for the next section, keeping a one-length shape consistent across the head.
- Point cutting
- A technique where the scissor tips cut into the ends at an angle, softening the perimeter and reducing bulk while leaving the overall length unchanged.
- Cross-checking
- Combing the finished cut in the opposite direction and checking at 90 degrees to reveal imbalance, invisible steps or uneven weight in the shape.
- Law of colour
- The final colour results from the natural contributing pigment, the artificial pigment applied and the developer strength; unwanted warmth must be neutralised deliberately.
- Underlying pigment
- The warmth exposed when natural melanin is lightened, such as red-orange at level 5 and yellow-orange at level 7, which the chosen shade must neutralise.
- Strand test
- A small test application of the intended formula on a hidden section to predict the result, timing and damage risk before applying product to the whole head.
- Grey coverage rule
- Up to 50 percent grey is covered with the natural target shade; above 50 percent a natural base is mixed with the fashion shade or a dedicated grey series is used.
- Test curl
- A wound section processed with the perm lotion and checked periodically; a firm S-shape shows the disulfide bonds have broken and the hair is ready to rinse and neutralise.
- Neutraliser
- The second stage of a perm, usually hydrogen peroxide or sodium bromate, which rebuilds the disulfide bonds in the new shape and stops the reducing reaction.
- Relaxer retouch
- Application of relaxer only to new growth at the roots, avoiding overlap onto previously relaxed hair to prevent scalp burns and breakage at the demarcation line.
- Demarcation line
- The boundary between previously relaxed or permed hair and untreated new growth, the weakest point where overlapping chemical product causes breakage.
- Thermal protection
- A product applied before heat styling that reduces cuticle damage; its use and the temperature chosen should match the hair's texture and condition.
- Razor angle
- The roughly 30-degree angle at which a straight razor is held to the skin, with the blade moving in the direction of hair growth for a close, safe shave.
- Fade
- A barbering technique blending shorter hair into longer hair with no visible lines; low, mid and high refer to where the transition starts on the head.
- Rebooking rate
- The percentage of clients who book their next appointment before leaving the salon; a leading indicator of retention and future revenue in a column.