Regulations, Environmental Compliance, and Best Practices
Domain 9 tests the compliance framework around landscaping work: erosion and sediment control, stormwater, pesticide and fertilizer rules, water restrictions, protected trees and species, and waste handling. Expect scenario questions where the correct answer is the documented procedure.
Stormwater and erosion
Land disturbance of one acre (about 0.4 ha) or more, or part of a larger common plan, needs coverage under the NPDES construction general permit, with a Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan. Controls follow a sequence: stabilise disturbed soil quickly, keep clean water out, and treat dirty water before release. Silt fence goes on the contour, not across it; protect every storm drain inlet; stabilise the construction entrance; use check dams in swales; inspect weekly and after significant rain, keeping records.
Chemicals and water
Pesticide use requires a certified or licensed applicator where the law says so, application only to labelled sites, and records. Fertilizer rules increasingly restrict nitrogen and phosphorus near water and during seasons when turf is not growing - know local blackout dates and buffer distances. Water restrictions may limit irrigation days and hours, and systems may need rain or soil-moisture sensors.
Protected features
Check for tree protection ordinances, wetlands, floodplains, endangered species and archaeological conditions before clearing. Fence root zones at the drip line and avoid grade changes within them.
Worked example
A 0.6 ha site will be stripped for a new planting bed. Reasoning: the area exceeds the threshold, so permit coverage and a SWPPP are likely required. Install silt fence downslope, protect the inlet, stabilise the entrance, schedule inspection after rain, and keep the records on site for the inspector.
Traps that cost marks
Silt fence used as a barrier rather than a filter. Stockpiling soil in a swale. Spraying during a wind or buffer restriction. Clearing a protected tree without a permit. Assuming local rules mirror the state's.