LC Italian flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Ascolto selettivo

Listening strategy in which the candidate reads the questions first, then listens only for the specific information requested, such as a time, price, or name, ignoring unrelated content in the track.

Doppio ascolto

The audio track is played twice in most LC Italian listening tasks; the first pass establishes the situation and speakers, the second confirms details and resolves ambiguous items.

Distrattore negato

An incorrect option whose words appear in the audio inside a negation or hypothesis, so the surface words match but the asserted meaning does not; the correct answer paraphrases what is actually stated.

Indizio di registro

A pronoun or address form (tu, Lei, voi) in the audio that reveals the relationship between speakers and often determines the correct answer about formality or social distance.

Segreteria telefonica

A common listening text type: a recorded message giving a name, reason for calling, a request, and a call-back number, usually tested on the purpose and the number.

Marcatore di opinione

A phrase such as secondo me, a mio parere, or per me that signals the speaker's personal stance; the clause it introduces usually carries the answer to opinion items.

Annuncio in stazione

A listening text type announcing train arrivals, delays, or platform changes; items test train number, destination, platform, and delay time, often corrected mid-announcement.

Skimming

A fast first reading of an Italian passage to capture topic, text type, and overall argument before answering items; it prevents detail questions from being answered out of context.

Catena lessicale

A set of repeated or synonymous words across a passage (lavoro, impiego, occupazione) that marks the paragraph where a detail or inference item is answered.

Segnale di contrasto

A connector such as tuttavia, però, bensì, sebbene, or nonostante that introduces a reversal of the previous claim; the reversal sentence frequently holds the answer.

Inferenza di causa

A reading item type asking why something happened; the answer is found near connectors like quindi, perciò, poiché, siccome, or dato che rather than stated in a single word.

Vocabolario in contesto

An item type asking the meaning of a word as used in the passage; the correct option must fit the sentence grammatically and semantically, not just be a dictionary equivalent.

Quantificatore decisivo

Words like tutti, alcuni, nessuno, sempre, spesso, mai that change the truth value of a statement; true/false items usually turn on these rather than on the main verb.

Avviso pubblico

A short notice (chiuso per ferie, vietato l'ingresso, orario ridotto) whose items test the practical consequence, such as when a service reopens or who is excluded.

Entro e dal

A preposition pair tested in reading: entro il 5 means by the 5th as a deadline, while dal 5 means starting on the 5th; confusing them reverses the meaning.

Registro formale scritto

Written register using Lei, Gentile, and Cordiali saluti, required for letters to institutions, employers, or unknown recipients; using tu in this context is a scored error.

Struttura del testo

The three-part composition plan: apertura stating purpose, corpo with one idea per paragraph, chiusura with conclusion or request; organization is scored alongside language accuracy.

Connettivi testuali

Linking words such as innanzitutto, inoltre, d'altra parte, tuttavia, quindi, infine that signal the logical relation between sentences and raise the coherence score.

Formula di apertura

The opening line of a written text: Gentile Dott.ssa Rossi for formal letters, Caro Marco or Ciao Marco for informal ones; the choice sets the register for the whole text.

Formula di chiusura

The closing line: Cordiali saluti or Distinti saluti in formal writing, A presto or Un abbraccio in informal writing; it must match the register of the opening.

Accordo del participio

With essere in compound tenses the past participle agrees in gender and number with the subject (siamo andati, è partita, si sono alzate); with avere it normally stays masculine singular.

Recensione strutturata

A writing task type giving an opinion on a film, restaurant, or book: it needs a title, a short description, explicit positive and negative points, and a final recommendation.

Articolo determinativo

The definite article: il and i before most consonants, lo and gli before s+consonant, z, gn, ps, and before vowel-initial plurals, l' before vowels, la before consonants.

Ausiliare essere

The auxiliary for reflexives, impersonals, and verbs of motion or change of state (andare, partire, nascere, rimanere); these require participle agreement with the subject.

Imperfetto vs passato prossimo

Imperfetto describes background, habits, and states; passato prossimo reports completed single events that move the narrative forward; mixing them wrongly is a frequent accuracy error.

Congiuntivo presente

The subjunctive used after penso che, benché, affinché, prima che; parlare gives parli, parli, parli, parliamo, parliate, parlino, and credere gives creda, creda, creda, crediamo, crediate, credano.

Periodo ipotetico reale

A real condition: se plus present indicative in the if-clause, with present or future in the main clause, as in se piove, resto a casa or se studi, passerai l'esame.

Periodo ipotetico irreale

An unreal condition: se plus congiuntivo imperfetto with condizionale presente in the main clause, as in se avessi tempo, verrei; it describes a hypothesis contrary to fact.

Pronomi clitici

Object pronouns lo, la, li, le, ne, ci that precede the conjugated verb but attach to infinitives, gerunds, and affirmative imperatives: lo vedo, vederlo, vedendolo, vedilo.

Superlativo assoluto

The -issimo form expressing a very high degree without comparison (bellissimo, difficilissimo); it is distinct from the relative superlative il più bello, which compares within a group.

Monologo strutturato

The oral presentation format: open with Vorrei parlare di, develop two or three points with connectors, and close with Per concludere; clear structure scores above ambitious vocabulary without order.

Riparazione conversazionale

Phrases such as Scusi, può ripetere? or Come si dice? used to recover from misunderstanding during the oral exam; they sustain interaction and are credited rather than penalized.