CFM flashcards
CFM · Build recall with a focused review session.
32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- OEE formula
- Overall Equipment Effectiveness equals Availability multiplied by Performance multiplied by Quality. Availability is run time divided by planned production time; Performance compares actual output rate to ideal rate; Quality is good units divided by total units.
- MTBF
- Mean Time Between Failures equals total operating time divided by the number of failures in that period. It measures reliability: a rising MTBF indicates fewer failures per operating hour.
- Condition-based maintenance
- Maintenance triggered when a monitored parameter such as vibration, temperature, or oil particle count crosses a defined threshold. It replaces calendar intervals with measurement-driven intervention.
- Critical path
- The longest duration sequence of dependent activities through a project network. Its total float is zero, so any delay on the critical path delays project completion by the same duration.
- Cost Performance Index
- CPI equals Earned Value divided by Actual Cost. A value below 1.0 means the project is spending more than the value of work completed; above 1.0 means cost efficiency.
- Estimate at Completion
- EAC forecasts total project cost. When current cost performance continues, EAC equals Budget at Completion divided by CPI. When remaining work proceeds at budget rate, EAC equals Actual Cost plus Budget at Completion minus Earned Value.
- Net Present Value
- The sum of future cash flows discounted at the required rate, minus the initial investment. A positive NPV means the project returns more than the required rate and should be accepted.
- Payback period
- Initial investment divided by annual net cash inflow. It states how long until cumulative cash returns the investment; it ignores time value of money and all cash flows after payback.
- Break-even volume
- Fixed costs divided by the difference between unit price and unit variable cost. At that volume total contribution equals fixed costs, so profit is zero.
- SWOT analysis
- A structured comparison of internal strengths and weaknesses against external opportunities and threats. Strategies are formed by matching internal capability to external conditions rather than listing items alone.
- SMART goals
- Objectives that are Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Time-bound. A goal lacking a measure or a deadline fails the SMART test and cannot be reliably tracked.
- Balanced scorecard
- A performance framework tracking four perspectives: financial, customer, internal process, and learning and growth. It balances lagging financial results with leading operational and capability measures.
- Just culture
- A response framework that consoles human error, coaches at-risk behavior, and sanctions reckless behavior. It encourages incident reporting because honest mistakes are not punished.
- Swiss-cheese model
- An accident model in which multiple defensive layers each contain holes. An accident occurs when holes in several layers align, so single-layer defenses are insufficient for high-consequence tasks.
- Hierarchy of controls
- Risk controls ranked from most to least effective: elimination, substitution, engineering controls, administrative controls, and personal protective equipment. Higher levels protect more people more reliably.
- Active listening
- A communication technique in which the receiver paraphrases and confirms the sender's message before responding. It surfaces misunderstanding earlier than repetition of the original message.
- Communication plan
- A document specifying audience, message content, channel, frequency, and responsible owner for each communication. Without a named owner, scheduled messages lapse.
- PDCA cycle
- Plan, Do, Check, Act: an iterative improvement cycle. Plan sets the change and measure, Do runs it, Check compares results to the measure, Act standardizes or revises.
- Cpk
- Process capability index equal to the lesser of (upper specification limit minus mean) or (mean minus lower specification limit), divided by three sigma. It penalizes processes that are off-center.
- Pareto analysis
- A prioritization method applying the 80/20 rule: a small number of causes produce most defects or cost. Effort is directed at the few highest-frequency or highest-cost causes first.
- Net Operating Income
- Effective gross income minus operating expenses. It excludes debt service, capital expenditures, and income tax, making it the standard measure of a property's operating profitability.
- Capitalization rate
- Net Operating Income divided by property value. A lower cap rate means a higher price per dollar of income and generally reflects lower perceived risk or stronger growth expectations.
- Triple-net lease
- A lease in which the tenant pays base rent plus property taxes, insurance, and maintenance. The landlord receives rent largely insulated from operating cost changes.
- CMMS
- Computerized Maintenance Management System: software storing asset records, work orders, and maintenance history. Its reporting value depends on complete and consistent data entry at work-order closure.
- Building automation system
- A control system for HVAC, lighting, and other building equipment. Its trend logs record setpoints and measured values over time and are the primary diagnostic data source.
- Energy Use Intensity
- Annual energy consumption divided by floor area. It normalizes consumption across buildings of different sizes and enables comparison and tracking of efficiency over time.
- Scope 1 emissions
- Direct greenhouse gas emissions from sources owned or controlled by the organization, such as on-site fuel combustion and fleet vehicles. Scope 2 covers purchased energy; Scope 3 covers the value chain.
- Waste diversion rate
- Mass of waste diverted from landfill divided by total waste generated, expressed as a percentage. It is the standard metric for circular-economy performance in facility operations.
- Business impact analysis
- An assessment identifying critical functions, their maximum tolerable downtime, and the resources they depend on. It precedes selection of recovery strategies and continuity resources.
- Recovery time objective
- The target duration within which a function or system must be restored after disruption. It is set from business impact analysis, not from technical convenience.
- Tabletop exercise
- A discussion-based exercise in which participants walk through a scenario and their response decisions without operational disruption. It tests plans and coordination before functional exercises.
- Incident command system
- A common emergency management structure with an incident commander and operations, planning, logistics, and finance/administration sections. It provides a shared chain of command across responding organizations.