Israel RN Licensure Exam flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Holliday-Segar maintenance fluid

A pediatric rule giving 4 mL/kg/h for the first 10 kg, 2 mL/kg/h for the next 10 kg, and 1 mL/kg/h for each additional kilogram of body weight.

Malignant hyperthermia antidote

Dantrolene 2.5 mg/kg IV is given after stopping triggering anesthetic agents, alongside active cooling and treatment of hyperkalemia and acidosis.

Magnesium sulfate toxicity antidote

Calcium gluconate 1 g IV reverses magnesium toxicity, which presents with loss of deep tendon reflexes, respiratory depression, and oliguria during preeclampsia treatment.

Serotonin syndrome features

Clonus, hyperreflexia, agitation, diaphoresis, and hyperthermia after serotonergic drugs; treatment is stopping the agent and supportive care, sometimes cyproheptadine.

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome

Rigidity, high fever, altered consciousness, autonomic instability, and elevated creatine kinase after antipsychotics; stop the drug and give dantrolene or bromocriptine.

Sepsis hour-one bundle

Measure lactate, draw blood cultures before antibiotics, give broad-spectrum antibiotics, and give 30 mL/kg crystalloid for hypotension or lactate of 4 mmol/L or more.

Anaphylaxis first-line drug

Intramuscular epinephrine 0.3-0.5 mg of 1 mg/mL solution into the anterolateral thigh, repeated every 5-15 minutes as needed, is the first-line treatment.

Category III fetal heart tracing

Absent variability with recurrent late or variable decelerations, or a sinusoidal pattern or bradycardia; it requires intrauterine resuscitation and urgent obstetric review.

Postpartum hemorrhage definition

Cumulative blood loss of more than 1000 mL or signs of hypovolemia within 24 hours of birth; initial management is uterine massage, oxytocin, and tranexamic acid.

Delirium tremens timing

Alcohol withdrawal delirium typically appears 48-96 hours after the last drink, with tremor, hallucinations, seizures, and autonomic hyperactivity; treat with benzodiazepines and thiamine.

Beers criteria purpose

A list of medications potentially inappropriate in older adults, such as benzodiazepines and anticholinergics, used to reduce adverse drug events and falls.

Pressure injury stage 1

Intact skin with nonblanchable erythema that does not resolve with pressure relief; it signals early tissue damage and requires repositioning and offloading.

Warfarin reversal for bleeding

Major bleeding on warfarin is treated with prothrombin complex concentrate plus vitamin K; INR alone guides monitoring, not the decision to reverse in major hemorrhage.

Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia

A platelet drop of more than 50% or new thrombosis 5-10 days after heparin exposure; stop heparin and start a non-heparin anticoagulant such as argatroban.

Digoxin toxicity risk factors

Hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, renal impairment, and interacting drugs raise digoxin levels; signs include nausea, visual changes, bradycardia, and arrhythmias.

Standard precautions scope

Hand hygiene, gloves, gown, mask, eye protection, and safe sharps handling applied to every patient regardless of known infection status.

Airborne precautions diseases

Tuberculosis, measles, and varicella require a fit-tested N95 respirator, a negative-pressure room, and a closed door during care.

Needlestick post-exposure steps

Wash the wound with soap and water, report immediately, and follow the protocol for HIV, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C post-exposure prophylaxis and testing.

SBAR handoff

A structured communication tool covering situation, background, assessment, and recommendation, including allergies, code status, and pending results.

Root cause analysis

A retrospective structured review of a serious safety event that identifies system failures and contributing factors rather than blaming an individual clinician.

Informed consent elements

Capacity, disclosure of material risks, benefits, and alternatives, and voluntariness; the discussion and the patient's decision must be documented.

Patient autonomy and refusal

A competent adult may refuse any treatment, including life-sustaining treatment; document the refusal and confirm the patient understands the consequences.

Pediatric dehydration classification

Mild dehydration is under 5% weight loss, moderate is 5-10%, and severe is over 10%; oral rehydration solution suits mild to moderate cases, IV isotonic fluid severe cases.

Kawasaki disease treatment

Fever for 5 days or more with conjunctivitis, rash, mucosal changes, extremity changes, and lymphadenopathy; give IVIG and aspirin to prevent coronary aneurysm.

Pyloric stenosis electrolyte pattern

Projectile nonbilious vomiting at 3-6 weeks causes hypochloremic, hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis; correct electrolytes before surgical pyloromyotomy.

ARDS lung-protective ventilation

Use low tidal volume of 6 mL/kg predicted body weight, keep plateau pressure at or below 30 cmH2O, and consider prone positioning for severe hypoxemia.

High-pressure ventilator alarm

A high-pressure alarm suggests obstruction, secretions, biting, or bronchospasm; assess the patient first, then suction, reposition, and check the tube.

Preoperative fasting intervals

Clear fluids are typically allowed until 2 hours before anesthesia, breast milk 4 hours, and a light meal 6 hours; document actual intake times.

Postoperative evisceration management

Cover the wound with sterile saline-soaked gauze, position the patient supine with knees flexed, keep them NPO, and prepare for urgent return to theater.

Suicide risk assessment

Ask directly about ideation, plan, means, and intent; means restriction and a collaborative safety plan reduce risk and guide level of observation.

Acute dystonia treatment

Sustained muscle spasms of the neck or eyes after dopamine-blocking drugs are treated with an anticholinergic such as benztropine or diphenhydramine.

Elder abuse reporting duty

Nurses must ask directly about safety and injuries, document findings objectively, and report suspected abuse according to mandatory reporting rules and local protocol.