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APPSC DyEO study materials
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APPSC DyEO practice questions

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Question 1General Studies and Current Affairs (Indian polity, governance, geography, history, economy, science and technology, and current events of national and state importance)

Which Article of the Indian Constitution provides for the appointment of a District Educational Officer-type district-level officer by the Governor to discharge functions entrusted by the State Government?

  1. Article 50
  2. Article 311
  3. Article 351
  4. Article 162 Correct answer.

Explanation

Article 162 extends the executive power of a State to matters on which the State Legislature has competence, and district-level officers such as a DyEO act under this executive authority delegated by the Governor. Article 50 deals with separation of the judiciary from the executive, Article 311 with dismissal of civil servants, and Article 351 with Hindi promotion.

Question 2General Studies and Current Affairs (Indian polity, governance, geography, history, economy, science and technology, and current events of national and state importance)

In the Andhra Pradesh administrative setup, the officer who heads revenue administration at the mandal level and assists in school infrastructure verification is the:

  1. Mandal Parishad Development Officer
  2. District Educational Officer
  3. District Collector
  4. Mandal Revenue Officer Correct answer.

Explanation

The Mandal Revenue Officer (now often designated Tahsildar in reorganised mandals) is the mandal-level revenue officer who certifies land records and local verification reports. The MPDO handles rural development functions, the DEO is district-level education head, and the Collector heads the district.

Question 3General Studies and Current Affairs (Indian polity, governance, geography, history, economy, science and technology, and current events of national and state importance)

The Godavari river, which forms part of Andhra Pradesh's northern boundary with Telangana, rises in which state?

  1. Maharashtra Correct answer.
  2. Madhya Pradesh
  3. Chhattisgarh
  4. Karnataka

Explanation

The Godavari originates near Trimbakeshwar in the Nashik district of Maharashtra and flows east across the Deccan before entering Andhra Pradesh. It is the second-longest river in India after the Ganga and is often called Dakshina Ganga.

Question 4General Studies and Current Affairs (Indian polity, governance, geography, history, economy, science and technology, and current events of national and state importance)

Which of the following is the correct sequence of the Eastern Ghats ranges from north to south within Andhra Pradesh?

  1. Seshachalam, Nallamala, Velikonda
  2. Simhachalam, Nallamala, Horsley Hills
  3. Velikonda, Nallamala, Seshachalam Correct answer.
  4. Nallamala, Velikonda, Kondakarla

Explanation

Moving from north to south, the Eastern Ghats in Andhra Pradesh are commonly described as the Velikonda, Nallamala and Seshachalam ranges. These hill systems influence rainfall, forest cover and tribal habitations in the state.

Question 5General Studies and Current Affairs (Indian polity, governance, geography, history, economy, science and technology, and current events of national and state importance)

The Satavahana dynasty, which ruled large parts of the Deccan including coastal Andhra, is best known for which of the following?

  1. Building the Konark Sun Temple
  2. Composing the Arthashastra
  3. Patronage of Buddhist art at Amaravati and construction of irrigation tanks Correct answer.
  4. Founding the Vijayanagara empire

Explanation

The Satavahanas patronised the Amaravati stupa and are credited with early land grants and irrigation works in the Godavari-Krishna delta. Their coins and Prakrit inscriptions are key sources for early Deccan history.

Question 6General Studies and Current Affairs (Indian polity, governance, geography, history, economy, science and technology, and current events of national and state importance)

The Ryotwari system of land revenue, introduced in the Madras Presidency, was chiefly associated with which administrator?

  1. Warren Hastings
  2. John Shore
  3. Lord Cornwallis
  4. Thomas Munro Correct answer.

Explanation

Thomas Munro is associated with the ryotwari settlement in the Madras Presidency, under which revenue was assessed directly on the individual cultivator. This differed from the zamindari system of Bengal and the mahalwari system of the north-west.

Question 7General Studies and Current Affairs (Indian polity, governance, geography, history, economy, science and technology, and current events of national and state importance)

Which of the following is a qualitative instrument of monetary policy used by the Reserve Bank of India?

  1. Cash Reserve Ratio
  2. Repo rate
  3. Open market operations
  4. Moral suasion Correct answer.

Explanation

Moral suasion is a qualitative or selective tool through which the RBI persuades banks to follow desired credit practices. CRR, repo rate and open market operations are quantitative tools that directly alter liquidity or cost of credit.

Question 8General Studies and Current Affairs (Indian polity, governance, geography, history, economy, science and technology, and current events of national and state importance)

The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme guarantees a minimum number of days of unskilled wage employment per rural household per financial year. That number is:

  1. 50 days
  2. 75 days
  3. 100 days Correct answer.
  4. 150 days

Explanation

The MGNREGS guarantees at least 100 days of unskilled manual work per rural household in a financial year, as provided in the Act. Wages must be paid within the stipulated time, and unemployment allowance applies if work is not provided.

Question 9General Studies and Current Affairs (Indian polity, governance, geography, history, economy, science and technology, and current events of national and state importance)

Which body recommends the distribution of net proceeds of taxes between the Union and the States under Article 280 of the Constitution?

  1. NITI Aayog
  2. GST Council
  3. Comptroller and Auditor General
  4. Finance Commission Correct answer.

Explanation

Article 280 provides for a Finance Commission constituted every five years to recommend devolution of taxes and principles governing grants-in-aid. Its recommendations shape state finances, including education budgets.

Question 10General Studies and Current Affairs (Indian polity, governance, geography, history, economy, science and technology, and current events of national and state importance)

Under the Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009, the pupil-teacher ratio for primary schools is prescribed as:

  1. 1:30 Correct answer.
  2. 1:20
  3. 1:40
  4. 1:50

Explanation

The RTE Schedule prescribes a pupil-teacher ratio of 1:30 for primary schools and 1:35 for upper primary schools. These norms guide teacher recruitment and school recognition, which a DyEO must monitor.

Question 11General Studies and Current Affairs (Indian polity, governance, geography, history, economy, science and technology, and current events of national and state importance)

Which of the following is the nodal agency at the national level for the Mid-Day Meal Scheme, now called PM POSHAN?

  1. Ministry of Rural Development
  2. Ministry of Education Correct answer.
  3. Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
  4. Ministry of Women and Child Development

Explanation

The Ministry of Education (formerly Human Resource Development) is the nodal ministry for PM POSHAN, which provides hot cooked meals to school children. States implement it through education departments and district officers.

Question 12General Studies and Current Affairs (Indian polity, governance, geography, history, economy, science and technology, and current events of national and state importance)

A District Educational Officer notices that a private unaided school has failed to constitute a School Management Committee as required. Which provision of the RTE Act is most directly violated?

  1. Section 29
  2. Section 17
  3. Section 21 Correct answer.
  4. Section 12

Explanation

Section 21 of the RTE Act requires every school other than an unaided school to constitute a School Management Committee; for unaided schools the relevant composition rules differ, but the SMC requirement is governed by this section. Section 12 deals with admission of disadvantaged children, Section 17 prohibits physical punishment, and Section 29 covers curriculum.

Question 13General Studies and Current Affairs (Indian polity, governance, geography, history, economy, science and technology, and current events of national and state importance)

The term 'bicameral legislature' in the context of Indian states refers to states having:

  1. Two elections in a single year
  2. Two houses, the Legislative Assembly and the Legislative Council Correct answer.
  3. Two separate assemblies for urban and rural areas
  4. A Governor and a Chief Minister

Explanation

Six Indian states, including Andhra Pradesh, have a bicameral legislature consisting of the Legislative Assembly (Vidhan Sabha) and the Legislative Council (Vidhan Parishad). The Council is a permanent body with one-third of members retiring every two years.

Question 14General Studies and Current Affairs (Indian polity, governance, geography, history, economy, science and technology, and current events of national and state importance)

Which of the following best explains why Andhra Pradesh experiences a rain-shadow effect in the Rayalaseema region during the south-west monsoon?

  1. The Western Ghats block the Arabian Sea branch, leaving the interior dry Correct answer.
  2. The Bay of Bengal branch is diverted by the Himalayas
  3. Cyclones from the Pacific reduce rainfall
  4. The Eastern Ghats attract moisture away from the interior

Explanation

The Western Ghats intercept the moisture-laden south-west monsoon from the Arabian Sea, so the Deccan interior including Rayalaseema receives little rain in that season. Rayalaseema's main rainfall comes from the retreating north-east monsoon.

Question 15General Studies and Current Affairs (Indian polity, governance, geography, history, economy, science and technology, and current events of national and state importance)

The 'Kalinga war' and the subsequent adoption of Dhamma by Ashoka are significant in Indian history chiefly because:

  1. They marked a shift from conquest to ethical governance and missionary activity Correct answer.
  2. They led to the founding of the Gupta empire
  3. They established the ryotwari system
  4. They ended Mauryan rule in the south

Explanation

Ashoka's Kalinga campaign and his subsequent remorse are recorded in his edicts, which describe a policy of Dhamma-vijaya, or conquest through ethical conduct. He sent missions abroad, including to Sri Lanka, which shaped Buddhism's spread.

Question 16General Studies and Current Affairs (Indian polity, governance, geography, history, economy, science and technology, and current events of national and state importance)

Which of the following measures would most effectively improve the Gross Enrolment Ratio in higher education in a rural district?

  1. Increasing the number of private coaching centres
  2. Setting up degree colleges within commuting distance and improving transport links Correct answer.
  3. Raising examination fees
  4. Reducing teacher salaries

Explanation

Access is the main barrier to higher education in rural areas, so establishing proximate institutions and improving transport directly raises enrolment. The Gross Enrolment Ratio measures total enrolment in higher education as a share of the eligible age group.

Question 17General Studies and Current Affairs (Indian polity, governance, geography, history, economy, science and technology, and current events of national and state importance)

The 'Basic Structure' doctrine, which limits Parliament's amending power, was laid down in which case?

  1. Golaknath v. State of Punjab
  2. Minerva Mills v. Union of India
  3. Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala Correct answer.
  4. Indira Nehru Gandhi v. Raj Narain

Explanation

In Kesavananda Bharati (1973), the Supreme Court held that Parliament can amend the Constitution but cannot destroy its basic structure. Later cases such as Minerva Mills applied and reinforced this doctrine.

Question 18General Studies and Current Affairs (Indian polity, governance, geography, history, economy, science and technology, and current events of national and state importance)

A state government wishes to transfer a district officer before completion of a fixed tenure. Which constitutional safeguard is most relevant to the officer's protection against arbitrary action?

  1. Article 368
  2. Article 32 only
  3. Article 14 and the doctrine of pleasure under Article 310 read with Article 311 Correct answer.
  4. Article 356

Explanation

Civil servants hold office during the pleasure of the Governor or President under Article 310, but Article 311 restricts removal or reduction in rank without inquiry. Arbitrary transfer may also be challenged under Article 14 if it violates equality.

Question 19General Studies and Current Affairs (Indian polity, governance, geography, history, economy, science and technology, and current events of national and state importance)

Which of the following is a correct statement about the Indian Ocean Dipole and its effect on Indian monsoon rainfall?

  1. IOD affects only winter rainfall in Europe
  2. A positive IOD always reduces monsoon rainfall
  3. IOD has no relation to monsoon variability
  4. A positive IOD is generally associated with better monsoon rainfall over India Correct answer.

Explanation

A positive Indian Ocean Dipole, with warmer waters in the western Indian Ocean, is generally associated with enhanced monsoon rainfall over India. It is one of several factors, along with El Nino, that influence monsoon performance.

Question 20General Studies and Current Affairs (Indian polity, governance, geography, history, economy, science and technology, and current events of national and state importance)

The primary objective of the Goods and Services Tax Council is to:

  1. Conduct audits of state accounts
  2. Approve state budgets
  3. Recommend rates and resolve disputes in GST administration Correct answer.
  4. Regulate the stock market

Explanation

The GST Council, constituted under Article 279A, makes recommendations on rates, exemptions and administration of GST and provides a forum for Centre-State coordination. Its decisions require a specified weighted majority.

Question 21General Studies and Current Affairs (Indian polity, governance, geography, history, economy, science and technology, and current events of national and state importance)

Which of the following is the most appropriate indicator of learning outcomes at the primary level for a district education office?

  1. Average marks in a standardised competency-based assessment Correct answer.
  2. Number of textbooks distributed
  3. Teacher attendance register entries
  4. Number of schools with electricity

Explanation

Learning outcomes measure what children actually know and can do, so a standardised competency-based assessment is the most direct indicator. Input indicators such as electricity or textbook distribution show provision, not learning.

Question 22General Studies and Current Affairs (Indian polity, governance, geography, history, economy, science and technology, and current events of national and state importance)

The 'Doctrine of Lapse' used by the British to annex Indian states was associated with which Governor-General?

  1. Lord Ripon
  2. Lord Wellesley
  3. Lord Dalhousie Correct answer.
  4. Lord Curzon

Explanation

Lord Dalhousie applied the Doctrine of Lapse, annexing states where a ruler died without a natural heir. Wellesley used Subsidiary Alliance, Ripon introduced local self-government reforms, and Curzon partitioned Bengal.

Question 23General Studies and Current Affairs (Indian polity, governance, geography, history, economy, science and technology, and current events of national and state importance)

Which of the following is the correct description of the role of the Comptroller and Auditor General in relation to state finances?

  1. The CAG audits accounts of the state and reports to the legislature Correct answer.
  2. The CAG prepares the state budget
  3. The CAG fixes state taxes
  4. The CAG approves state expenditure

Explanation

The CAG audits Union and State accounts and submits reports to the legislature, which are examined by the Public Accounts Committee. The CAG does not prepare budgets, approve spending or set taxes.

Question 24General Studies and Current Affairs (Indian polity, governance, geography, history, economy, science and technology, and current events of national and state importance)

The term 'demographic dividend' in the context of Andhra Pradesh refers to:

  1. An increase in the dependency ratio
  2. A decline in the total population
  3. A rise in migration to other states
  4. An economic advantage arising from a large share of working-age population Correct answer.

Explanation

The demographic dividend is the growth potential created when a large proportion of the population is of working age and the dependency ratio is low. Realising it requires adequate education, skills and employment opportunities.

Question 25General Studies and Current Affairs (Indian polity, governance, geography, history, economy, science and technology, and current events of national and state importance)

Which of the following correctly pairs a scientific phenomenon with its application in agriculture relevant to Andhra Pradesh?

  1. Photosynthesis - refrigeration of produce
  2. Tissue culture - production of disease-free planting material such as banana Correct answer.
  3. Osmosis - pesticide synthesis
  4. Nuclear fission - soil testing

Explanation

Tissue culture is used to propagate genetically uniform, disease-free planting material in crops such as banana and sugarcane, which are important in Andhra Pradesh. It relies on plant cell totipotency rather than on the other processes listed.

Question 26General Studies and Current Affairs (Indian polity, governance, geography, history, economy, science and technology, and current events of national and state importance)

Which Article of the Constitution of India provides for the establishment of a State Finance Commission by the Governor of a state every fifth year?

  1. Article 356
  2. Article 243-I Correct answer.
  3. Article 324
  4. Article 280

Explanation

Article 243-I requires the Governor to constitute a State Finance Commission every five years to review the financial position of panchayats and municipalities and recommend principles for devolution of funds. Article 280 deals with the Union Finance Commission, so the state-level body is a distinct constitutional mechanism under Part IX.

Question 27General Studies and Current Affairs (Indian polity, governance, geography, history, economy, science and technology, and current events of national and state importance)

The Godavari river enters Andhra Pradesh and forms a large delta before draining into the Bay of Bengal. Which of the following districts of Andhra Pradesh lies in this deltaic region?

  1. Chittoor
  2. Kurnool
  3. Anantapur
  4. East Godavari Correct answer.

Explanation

The Godavari delta is formed in the eastern coastal districts of Andhra Pradesh, historically including East Godavari (now largely Konaseema and East Godavari). Anantapur and Chittoor lie in the arid Rayalaseema plateau, while Kurnool is in the inland Deccan plateau region.

Question 28General Studies and Current Affairs (Indian polity, governance, geography, history, economy, science and technology, and current events of national and state importance)

In the context of Indian public finance, the 'revenue deficit' of a state government is best described as:

  1. the excess of total expenditure over total receipts excluding borrowings
  2. the excess of fiscal deficit over interest payments
  3. the excess of revenue expenditure over revenue receipts Correct answer.
  4. the excess of capital expenditure over capital receipts

Explanation

Revenue deficit measures the gap between revenue expenditure (salaries, subsidies, interest) and revenue receipts (tax and non-tax revenue). It signals borrowing to meet recurring consumption spending rather than asset creation, which is why fiscal rules target its reduction.

Question 29General Studies and Current Affairs (Indian polity, governance, geography, history, economy, science and technology, and current events of national and state importance)

Which of the following is the most appropriate description of 'cloud seeding', a technique used to augment rainfall in drought-prone districts?

  1. spraying silver iodide or similar particles into clouds to induce condensation and precipitation Correct answer.
  2. installing wind turbines to alter local humidity patterns
  3. pumping groundwater into open reservoirs to increase evaporation
  4. covering soil with reflective sheets to reduce moisture loss

Explanation

Cloud seeding disperses substances such as silver iodide or salt particles that act as condensation nuclei, encouraging droplets to grow and fall as rain. It is used in rain-shadow and drought-hit areas, though its effectiveness depends on suitable cloud conditions.

Question 30General Studies and Current Affairs (Indian polity, governance, geography, history, economy, science and technology, and current events of national and state importance)

The 'Permanent Settlement' of 1793, introduced by Lord Cornwallis in Bengal, differed from the Ryotwari system chiefly because it:

  1. recognised zamindars as the proprietors responsible for paying a fixed revenue Correct answer.
  2. settled revenue directly with individual cultivators
  3. fixed revenue as a share of the actual harvest each year
  4. abolished private property in land altogether

Explanation

Under the Permanent Settlement, zamindars were recognised as landowners and made responsible for a fixed, permanently assessed revenue to the Company. This contrasted with Ryotwari, where revenue was settled directly with the cultivator, and with Mahalwari, which dealt with village bodies.

Question 31General Studies and Current Affairs (Indian polity, governance, geography, history, economy, science and technology, and current events of national and state importance)

The 'Doctrine of Basic Structure' was applied to strike down which constitutional amendment, thereby establishing that Parliament cannot destroy the essential features of the Constitution?

  1. The Twenty-fifth Amendment
  2. The Twenty-fourth Amendment
  3. The Forty-second Amendment Correct answer.
  4. The Forty-fourth Amendment

Explanation

In the Kesavananda Bharati case (1973), the Supreme Court held that Parliament's amending power is limited by the basic structure doctrine. The Forty-second Amendment, which inserted clauses curtailing judicial review, was later substantially struck down in Minerva Mills (1980) for violating that basic structure.

Question 32General Studies and Current Affairs (Indian polity, governance, geography, history, economy, science and technology, and current events of national and state importance)

Which of the following best describes the objective of the 'Aspirational Districts Programme' launched by NITI Aayog?

  1. to conduct decennial census operations in remote districts
  2. to provide interest-free loans to large industries in backward districts
  3. to improve performance of selected backward districts across health, education, agriculture and basic infrastructure Correct answer.
  4. to resettle migrants from urban areas into rural districts

Explanation

The Aspirational Districts Programme identifies districts lagging on key development indicators and ranks them on health and nutrition, education, agriculture, financial inclusion and basic infrastructure. The focus is convergence of central and state schemes, with NITI Aayog monitoring progress through a ranking framework.

Question 33General Studies and Current Affairs (Indian polity, governance, geography, history, economy, science and technology, and current events of national and state importance)

The Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) is an ocean-atmosphere phenomenon. When the IOD is in its positive phase, its typical effect on the Indian southwest monsoon is:

  1. complete failure of the monsoon every time
  2. weaker monsoon rainfall over most of India
  3. no measurable influence on monsoon rainfall
  4. enhanced monsoon rainfall over much of India Correct answer.

Explanation

A positive IOD means warmer sea surface temperatures in the western Indian Ocean and cooler waters near Indonesia, which strengthens moisture convergence toward the Indian landmass. This generally supports stronger southwest monsoon rainfall and can offset some El Nino effects, though it is not the sole driver.

Question 34General Studies and Current Affairs (Indian polity, governance, geography, history, economy, science and technology, and current events of national and state importance)

A District Education Officer must ensure that a newly established private school complies with the Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009. Which of the following is a mandatory requirement for recognition of such a school?

  1. Affiliation only to a central board of education
  2. Compulsory residential facilities for all students
  3. Constitution of a School Management Committee with majority parent members Correct answer.
  4. Payment of a fixed donation to the district education fund

Explanation

The RTE Act requires every recognised private unaided school to constitute a School Management Committee with at least three-fourths of members drawn from parents or guardians. The committee monitors the school's functioning, and failure to constitute it can affect recognition.

Question 35General Studies and Current Affairs (Indian polity, governance, geography, history, economy, science and technology, and current events of national and state importance)

Which of the following is the correct description of the 'Gini coefficient' in the context of measuring inequality in a state's economy?

  1. The ratio of rural to urban consumption expenditure
  2. A measure of the average income of the poorest households
  3. A number between 0 and 1 where higher values indicate greater inequality Correct answer.
  4. The percentage of population below the poverty line

Explanation

The Gini coefficient is derived from the Lorenz curve and ranges from 0 (perfect equality) to 1 (perfect inequality). A higher value means income or consumption is concentrated in fewer hands, making it a standard summary measure of distribution.

Question 36General Studies and Current Affairs (Indian polity, governance, geography, history, economy, science and technology, and current events of national and state importance)

The 'Chandrayaan-3' mission of ISRO achieved which of the following milestones in 2023?

  1. A soft landing of the Vikram lander near the lunar south pole Correct answer.
  2. The first crewed Indian spaceflight
  3. A landing on Mars
  4. A sample return from a comet

Explanation

Chandrayaan-3's Vikram lander made a soft landing near the lunar south pole in August 2023, with the Pragyan rover deployed to study the surface. This made India the first country to land in that region, and the mission followed the partial failure of Chandrayaan-2's lander.

Question 37General Studies and Current Affairs (Indian polity, governance, geography, history, economy, science and technology, and current events of national and state importance)

Which of the following statements correctly describes the constitutional position of the Governor of a state with respect to the President of India?

  1. The Governor is elected by the state legislative assembly
  2. The Governor is selected by the Union Council of Ministers through a vote in Parliament
  3. The Governor is appointed by the President and holds office during the pleasure of the President Correct answer.
  4. The Governor is appointed by the Chief Justice of India

Explanation

Article 155 provides that the Governor is appointed by the President, and Article 156 states that the Governor holds office during the pleasure of the President. This design reflects the Governor's role as a link between the Union and the state, although the Supreme Court has held that the Governor is not a mere agent of the Centre.

Question 38General Studies and Current Affairs (Indian polity, governance, geography, history, economy, science and technology, and current events of national and state importance)

In the context of Indian agriculture, the term 'micro-irrigation' refers to which of the following?

  1. Deep ploughing to increase soil moisture retention
  2. Construction of large dams for storage
  3. Drip and sprinkler systems that deliver water directly to the root zone Correct answer.
  4. Flooding the entire field uniformly from a canal outlet

Explanation

Micro-irrigation includes drip and sprinkler methods that apply small quantities of water near the plant root zone, improving water-use efficiency. It is promoted in water-scarce districts of Andhra Pradesh through subsidy schemes, particularly for horticulture crops.

Question 39General Studies and Current Affairs (Indian polity, governance, geography, history, economy, science and technology, and current events of national and state importance)

The 'Kalinga war' and Ashoka's subsequent propagation of Dhamma are significant in Indian history chiefly because they:

  1. established the Gupta empire's control over the Deccan
  2. introduced Islam into the Indian subcontinent
  3. marked the end of the Mauryan empire immediately
  4. illustrated a shift from conquest by force to governance through ethical and social policy Correct answer.

Explanation

Ashoka's Kalinga campaign and his remorse led to the adoption of Dhamma, emphasising tolerance, welfare and non-violence, which reshaped Mauryan governance and diplomacy. His edicts, inscribed on rock and pillar, record this shift and remain key sources for the period.

Question 40General Studies and Current Affairs (Indian polity, governance, geography, history, economy, science and technology, and current events of national and state importance)

A state government wants to introduce a new welfare scheme that requires additional expenditure but has limited fiscal space. Which of the following measures would most directly expand the state's resource envelope without increasing its debt stock?

  1. Borrowing from the Reserve Bank of India via ways and means advances
  2. Issuing state development loans in the market
  3. Deferring salary payments to government employees
  4. Increasing the state's own tax revenue through better compliance and base widening Correct answer.

Explanation

Raising own tax revenue through improved compliance and a wider tax base increases receipts without adding to liabilities, unlike borrowing. Ways and means advances and market loans both create debt obligations, while deferring salaries only postpones expenditure and creates arrears.

Question 41Mental Ability, Reasoning, and Quantitative Aptitude (series, coding-decoding, data interpretation, arithmetic, and analytical reasoning)

A revenue inspector records the daily collection of a village secretariat office as 12, 15, 18, 21, ... rupees (in hundreds). Following the same pattern, what will the collection be on the 10th day?

  1. 33
  2. 42
  3. 36
  4. 39 Correct answer.

Explanation

The series increases by a constant difference of 3, so it is an arithmetic progression with first term 12 and common difference 3. The nth term is a + (n-1)d = 12 + 9×3 = 39.

Question 42Mental Ability, Reasoning, and Quantitative Aptitude (series, coding-decoding, data interpretation, arithmetic, and analytical reasoning)

Study the series 3, 6, 11, 18, 27, ... and identify the number that should replace the question mark in the continuation 27, 38, ?

  1. 49
  2. 51 Correct answer.
  3. 52
  4. 50

Explanation

The differences between successive terms are 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, i.e. consecutive odd numbers. Adding the next odd number 13 to 38 gives 51.

Question 43Mental Ability, Reasoning, and Quantitative Aptitude (series, coding-decoding, data interpretation, arithmetic, and analytical reasoning)

In a certain code language used in departmental files, MANGO is written as NBOHP. Using the same rule, how would GUAVA be written?

  1. HVBVA
  2. FUBWB
  3. HVAVB
  4. HVBWB Correct answer.

Explanation

Each letter is shifted one place forward in the alphabet: M→N, A→B, and so on. Applying the same +1 shift to GUAVA gives HVBWB.

Question 44Mental Ability, Reasoning, and Quantitative Aptitude (series, coding-decoding, data interpretation, arithmetic, and analytical reasoning)

If in a code TEACHER is written as VGCEJGT, what is the code for STUDENT under the same scheme?

  1. UVWFGNU
  2. TUWFGPV
  3. UVWFGPV Correct answer.
  4. UVVFGPV

Explanation

The code shifts each letter two places forward in the alphabet: T→V, E→G, A→C. Applying +2 to STUDENT gives U, V, W, F, G, P, V, i.e. UVWFGPV.

Question 45Mental Ability, Reasoning, and Quantitative Aptitude (series, coding-decoding, data interpretation, arithmetic, and analytical reasoning)

In a school inspection report, the number of students in five classes is shown as 40, 45, 50, 35, 30. What is the average number of students per class?

  1. 42
  2. 40 Correct answer.
  3. 45
  4. 38

Explanation

The average equals the sum divided by the count: (40+45+50+35+30) = 200, and 200 ÷ 5 = 40. So the mean class strength is 40.

Question 46Mental Ability, Reasoning, and Quantitative Aptitude (series, coding-decoding, data interpretation, arithmetic, and analytical reasoning)

A district education office recorded the number of schools inspected over four quarters as 120, 150, 180 and 210. What is the percentage increase from the first quarter to the fourth quarter?

  1. 80%
  2. 70%
  3. 75% Correct answer.
  4. 65%

Explanation

Percentage increase = (new − old)/old × 100 = (210 − 120)/120 × 100 = 90/120 × 100 = 75%.

Question 47Mental Ability, Reasoning, and Quantitative Aptitude (series, coding-decoding, data interpretation, arithmetic, and analytical reasoning)

A sum of ₹12,000 sanctioned for a school library is divided between books and furniture in the ratio 5 : 3. How much is spent on books?

  1. ₹7,500 Correct answer.
  2. ₹4,500
  3. ₹6,000
  4. ₹8,000

Explanation

The total of the ratio parts is 5 + 3 = 8, so each part is 12,000 ÷ 8 = 1,500. Books take 5 parts, i.e. 5 × 1,500 = ₹7,500.

Question 48Mental Ability, Reasoning, and Quantitative Aptitude (series, coding-decoding, data interpretation, arithmetic, and analytical reasoning)

A clerk can verify 60 scholarship applications in 5 days, while another can verify the same 60 in 6 days. Working together at these rates, in how many days will they verify 60 applications?

  1. 5/2 days
  2. 3 days
  3. 30/11 days Correct answer.
  4. 11/3 days

Explanation

The first clerk's rate is 60/5 = 12 per day and the second's is 60/6 = 10 per day, giving a combined 22 per day. Time = 60 ÷ 22 = 30/11 days.

Question 49Mental Ability, Reasoning, and Quantitative Aptitude (series, coding-decoding, data interpretation, arithmetic, and analytical reasoning)

A teacher travels from the mandal office to a school at 40 km/h and returns along the same road at 60 km/h. What is the average speed for the whole journey?

  1. 45 km/h
  2. 52 km/h
  3. 48 km/h Correct answer.
  4. 50 km/h

Explanation

For equal distances at speeds a and b, average speed = 2ab/(a+b) = (2×40×60)/100 = 48 km/h. The simple mean of 50 would apply only if equal times, not equal distances, were involved.

Question 50Mental Ability, Reasoning, and Quantitative Aptitude (series, coding-decoding, data interpretation, arithmetic, and analytical reasoning)

In a staff room of 30 officers, 18 can use a spreadsheet and 15 can use a presentation tool, while 6 can use neither. How many officers can use both tools?

  1. 6
  2. 12
  3. 9 Correct answer.
  4. 3

Explanation

Those using at least one tool number 30 − 6 = 24. By inclusion–exclusion, both = 18 + 15 − 24 = 9.