ASSEB HSLC Class 10 Elective Home Science flashcards

33 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Balanced diet

A diet that supplies all essential nutrients in correct proportion along with adequate energy, water and roughage to maintain health and support normal growth and activity.

Kwashiorkor

Protein deficiency disease in young children marked by oedema of legs and face, distended abdomen, sparse hair and skin changes, usually after weaning from breast milk.

Marasmus

Severe protein-energy malnutrition in infants causing extreme wasting of muscle and fat, wrinkled skin, no oedema, and weight far below the expected range for age.

Night blindness

Inability to see in dim light, an early sign of vitamin A deficiency, which if untreated can progress to xerophthalmia and permanent blindness.

Energy value of fat

Fat supplies about 9 kilocalories per gram, more than double the energy of carbohydrate or protein, which each supply about 4 kilocalories per gram.

Human resources

Resources available within a person, such as time, energy, knowledge, skills and attitudes, which can be developed and used to achieve family goals.

Management process

A sequence of planning, organising, implementing and evaluating activities that uses resources to reach a goal, with decision-making applied at every stage.

Work simplification

A technique that reduces time and effort by eliminating unnecessary steps, combining tasks, rearranging the workplace and simplifying body motions.

Kitchen work triangle

The path connecting the sink, cooking stove and refrigerator; a compact triangle reduces walking and fatigue during food preparation.

Balanced budget

A family spending plan in which total income equals total expenditure, leaving no deficit and no surplus at the end of the period.

Mercerisation

A treatment of cotton fabric with caustic soda under tension that adds lustre, strength and dye absorbency to the fibre.

Twill weave

A weave in which yarns pass over two or more yarns, producing a diagonal rib on the surface; used for denim and gabardine.

Filament fibre

A long, continuous fibre of indefinite length such as silk or manufactured polyester, giving smooth, lustrous yarns unlike short staple fibres.

Sanforisation

A mechanical finishing process applied to cotton fabric that compresses it so that shrinkage during subsequent washing is greatly reduced.

Burn test for wool

Wool burns slowly with a smell of burnt hair and leaves a crushable black ash, confirming it is a protein animal fibre.

Growth versus development

Growth is a measurable increase in body size or weight, while development is a qualitative increase in skills and complexity of functioning over time.

Authoritative parenting

A parenting style combining high warmth with firm, reasoned control; linked to self-reliant, socially competent children with good self-esteem.

Adolescence

The developmental stage from about 12 to 19 years marked by puberty, growth spurt, identity formation and strong peer influence.

Family functions

The core tasks of a family: economic support, reproduction, socialisation of children, emotional security, protection and transmission of culture.

Cooperative play

A stage of play in which children organise roles and rules together to reach a shared goal, typical of the later preschool years.

Chlorination

A water disinfection method in which chlorine or bleaching powder is added in measured dose to kill pathogens and prevent waterborne disease.

Five Fs of infection

The routes of faecal-oral disease spread: faeces, fingers, food, fluids and flies; breaking any one link prevents transmission.

Vermicomposting

Composting of biodegradable kitchen and garden waste using earthworms, producing nutrient-rich castings for use as organic manure.

Biodegradable waste

Waste such as vegetable peels, leaves and paper that microorganisms can break down naturally; it is composted rather than sent to landfill.

Agmark

A certification mark issued for agricultural and allied products in India, indicating that the produce meets specified grading standards.

Consumer rights

Entitlements of buyers such as safety, information, choice, being heard, redressal of grievances and education about goods and services.

Cash memo

A bill given by the seller showing goods bought, quantity, price and date; it is essential evidence for any consumer complaint.

Adulteration test for milk

Starch added to milk is detected when a drop of iodine solution turns the sample blue; pure milk shows no blue colour.

Consumer Protection Act, 2019

Indian law protecting buyers against defective goods and deficient services, providing District, State and National Commissions for redressal.

Project method

A learner-centred approach in which a problem is selected, planned, investigated and reported, building practical and analytical skills.

Seam allowance

The extra width of fabric left beyond the stitching line, commonly 1 to 1.5 centimetres, allowing the seam to be stitched and finished.

Back stitch

A strong hand stitch worked by taking the needle back into the previous stitch; used for seams and repairs needing durability.

First aid for burns

Cool the burn under clean running water for 10 to 20 minutes, cover with a clean cloth, and never apply oil, butter or toothpaste.