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ASSEB HSLC Class 10 Elective Home Science study materials
ASSEB HSLC Class 10 Elective Home Science study resources

ASSEB HSLC Class 10 Elective Home Science practice questions

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Question 1Food, Nutrition and Health

Which nutrient is the body's most concentrated source of energy, providing about 9 kilocalories per gram?

  1. Fat Correct answer.
  2. Dietary fibre
  3. Carbohydrate
  4. Protein

Explanation

Fat supplies roughly 9 kcal per gram, whereas carbohydrate and protein each supply about 4 kcal per gram. Because fat is energy-dense, it is the body's most concentrated fuel source and is also stored as adipose tissue for later use.

Question 2Food, Nutrition and Health

A child suffering from night blindness is most likely deficient in which vitamin?

  1. Vitamin D
  2. Vitamin C
  3. Vitamin K
  4. Vitamin A Correct answer.

Explanation

Vitamin A is needed to form rhodopsin, the visual pigment that allows the eye to adapt to dim light, so deficiency causes night blindness. It also maintains healthy epithelial tissue, which is why severe deficiency damages the cornea.

Question 3Food, Nutrition and Health

Which mineral is essential for the formation of haemoglobin in red blood cells?

  1. Sodium
  2. Calcium
  3. Iron Correct answer.
  4. Iodine

Explanation

Iron is a component of the haem group of haemoglobin, which carries oxygen from the lungs to the tissues. When iron stores fall, haemoglobin synthesis drops and iron-deficiency anaemia develops.

Question 4Food, Nutrition and Health

Which food group should be eaten in the smallest quantity in a balanced daily diet?

  1. Fats and sugars Correct answer.
  2. Cereals and millets
  3. Vegetables and fruits
  4. Pulses and legumes

Explanation

Fats and sugars are concentrated sources of energy with few protective nutrients, so they belong at the narrow top of a balanced diet guide. Cereals, pulses, and fruits and vegetables form the broader base that should supply most of the daily intake.

Question 5Food, Nutrition and Health

Which cooking practice best preserves the water-soluble vitamins in vegetables?

  1. Frying the vegetables in deep oil for a long time
  2. Boiling cut vegetables in plenty of water and discarding the water
  3. Soaking chopped vegetables in water overnight
  4. Steaming the vegetables until just tender Correct answer.

Explanation

Water-soluble vitamins such as vitamin C and the B group leach into cooking water and are destroyed by prolonged heat. Steaming uses little water and short cooking time, so it retains far more of these vitamins than boiling and draining.

Question 6Food, Nutrition and Health

Which condition is caused by a deficiency of iodine in the diet?

  1. Goitre Correct answer.
  2. Rickets
  3. Scurvy
  4. Beriberi

Explanation

Iodine is required to make thyroid hormones; when intake is low the thyroid enlarges in an attempt to trap more iodine, producing goitre. Iodised salt is the usual public health measure used to prevent it.

Question 7Food, Nutrition and Health

Which of these is a rich plant source of high-quality protein commonly used with cereals in Indian meals?

  1. Ghee
  2. Pulse Correct answer.
  3. Potato
  4. Sugar

Explanation

Pulses such as dal, gram and rajma contain a good amount of protein and combine well with cereals to improve the overall amino acid pattern of the meal. Cereals are low in lysine while pulses are low in methionine, so the pair complements each other.

Question 8Food, Nutrition and Health

Which practice is most important for preventing food-borne illness in the home kitchen?

  1. Thawing frozen meat on the kitchen counter overnight
  2. Tasting food repeatedly with the same spoon while cooking
  3. Washing hands and utensils with soap before handling food Correct answer.
  4. Storing cooked food at room temperature for several hours

Explanation

Most food-borne illness arises from contamination transferred by hands, utensils and surfaces, so hand and utensil hygiene before food handling is the first line of defence. Safe storage temperatures and proper thawing support this but do not replace basic hygiene.

Question 9Food, Nutrition and Health

A family wants to improve the protein quality of a rice-based meal without buying costly animal foods. Which combination is most effective?

  1. Rice served with potato
  2. Rice served with sugar
  3. Rice served with ghee
  4. Rice served with dal Correct answer.

Explanation

Cereals and pulses have complementary limiting amino acids, so combining rice with dal raises the overall protein quality of the meal. This cereal-pulse combination is the practical basis of a low-cost balanced vegetarian diet.

Question 10Food, Nutrition and Health

A pregnant woman is advised to take iron and folic acid supplements. Which outcome do these supplements mainly support?

  1. Prevention of dental caries in the mother
  2. Prevention of night blindness in the newborn
  3. Prevention of anaemia and neural tube defects Correct answer.
  4. Prevention of goitre in the mother

Explanation

Iron supports the expanded blood volume of pregnancy and prevents maternal anaemia, while folic acid taken early reduces the risk of neural tube defects in the fetus. Both are therefore standard components of antenatal supplementation.

Question 11Food, Nutrition and Health

Which change in the diet is most appropriate for a person with hypertension?

  1. Increasing intake of fried snacks
  2. Increasing salt intake to improve taste
  3. Replacing water with sweetened beverages
  4. Reducing salt and increasing potassium-rich fruits and vegetables Correct answer.

Explanation

High sodium intake raises blood pressure in salt-sensitive individuals, so reducing salt is central to dietary management of hypertension. Potassium-rich fruits and vegetables help counter sodium and are part of the recommended dietary approach.

Question 12Food, Nutrition and Health

Which statement correctly describes the role of dietary fibre in the body?

  1. It is fully digested and absorbed in the small intestine.
  2. It adds bulk to the stool and helps prevent constipation. Correct answer.
  3. It supplies about 9 kilocalories per gram.
  4. It is absorbed directly into the blood as glucose.

Explanation

Fibre resists digestion in the small intestine and reaches the colon, where it holds water and adds bulk, promoting regular bowel movement. This is why whole grains, fruits and vegetables help prevent constipation.

Question 13Food, Nutrition and Health

Why is colostrum, the first milk secreted after childbirth, important for a newborn?

  1. It is given only when the mother has a fever.
  2. It contains antibodies and protects against infection. Correct answer.
  3. It is rich in fat and helps rapid weight gain.
  4. It is low in protein and easy to digest.

Explanation

Colostrum is thick and yellowish and carries immunoglobulin A along with white cells, which give the newborn passive immunity against gut infections. It is also richer in protein and minerals than mature milk, so it should not be discarded.

Question 14Food, Nutrition and Health

A student eats only polished white rice with a little pickle for months and develops weakness and nerve problems. Which deficiency is most likely?

  1. Thiamine deficiency Correct answer.
  2. Vitamin C deficiency
  3. Calcium deficiency
  4. Iron deficiency

Explanation

Polishing rice removes the bran and germ, which are the main sources of thiamine, so a diet based only on polished rice can cause beriberi with nerve and heart involvement. Parboiled or whole grain cereals and pulses prevent this.

Question 15Food, Nutrition and Health

Which method of food preservation works mainly by lowering water activity so that microorganisms cannot grow?

  1. Canning
  2. Pasteurisation
  3. Refrigeration
  4. Drying Correct answer.

Explanation

Drying removes water and lowers water activity, so bacteria, yeasts and moulds lose the moisture they need to multiply. This is why dried cereals, pulses and fish keep for long periods without spoiling.

Question 16Food, Nutrition and Health

Which of these is the best dietary advice for a person with lactose intolerance?

  1. Drink large amounts of milk on an empty stomach
  2. Avoid all milk and milk products permanently
  3. Take small amounts of milk with meals or use curd and fermented milk Correct answer.
  4. Replace milk entirely with sugary soft drinks

Explanation

Lactose intolerance results from low lactase activity, but many people tolerate small portions taken with food, and fermented products such as curd contain partly digested lactose. This approach keeps calcium and protein in the diet without provoking symptoms.

Question 17Food, Nutrition and Health

Which statement about the biological value of proteins is correct?

  1. Egg protein has a high biological value because it supplies all essential amino acids in suitable proportions. Correct answer.
  2. Pulses have no limiting amino acids and are complete proteins.
  3. Cereal protein has a higher biological value than egg protein.
  4. Biological value depends only on the total quantity of protein eaten.

Explanation

Biological value measures how well absorbed protein is retained for body use, which depends on the essential amino acid pattern. Egg protein matches human needs closely and is used as the reference protein, while most single plant proteins are limiting in one amino acid.

Question 18Food, Nutrition and Health

A mother wants to prepare a cheap, nutritious snack for her school-going child. Which choice best meets this aim?

  1. Sprouted moong and vegetable chaat Correct answer.
  2. Plain sugar candy
  3. Fried potato chips with a cola drink
  4. White bread with butter and jam

Explanation

Sprouting increases the availability of vitamins and improves digestibility, and moong supplies protein while vegetables add vitamins, minerals and fibre. The combination is low in cost and gives more protective nutrients than refined snacks.

Question 19Food, Nutrition and Health

Which statement explains why adolescents have higher iron requirements than younger children?

  1. Their digestion of iron is poorer than that of adults
  2. Their bones need extra iron for mineralisation
  3. Iron is needed to store energy as fat
  4. Rapid growth and, in girls, menstrual loss increase iron needs Correct answer.

Explanation

Adolescence brings a growth spurt that expands blood volume and muscle mass, raising the demand for iron. Girls additionally lose iron through menstruation, so their requirement is higher still.

Question 20Food, Nutrition and Health

A person eats a diet adequate in energy but very low in protein for a long period. Which deficiency disease is most likely to develop?

  1. Osteomalacia
  2. Kwashiorkor Correct answer.
  3. Obesity
  4. Marasmus

Explanation

Kwashiorkor results when energy intake is roughly sufficient but protein is severely lacking, causing oedema, poor growth and changes in hair and skin. Marasmus, by contrast, follows a general shortage of both energy and protein.

Question 21Food, Nutrition and Health

A cook has leftover cooked rice that must be eaten the next day. Which handling gives the greatest safety?

  1. Leave it covered on the table overnight
  2. Cool it quickly and store it in the refrigerator, then reheat thoroughly Correct answer.
  3. Mix it with fresh rice and leave it in a warm place
  4. Keep it warm on a low flame for many hours

Explanation

Cooked rice can support the growth of spore-forming bacteria that survive ordinary cooking, so it should be cooled quickly and refrigerated to limit multiplication. Thorough reheating before eating then reduces the remaining risk.

Question 22Food, Nutrition and Health

Two diets supply equal energy, but diet A includes whole grain cereals, pulses, vegetables and fruit while diet B is based on refined flour, sugar and oil. Which conclusion is best supported?

  1. The two diets are nutritionally equivalent because energy is equal
  2. Diet B provides more protein because oil is added
  3. Diet B is superior because refined foods are easier to digest
  4. Diet A supplies more protective nutrients and fibre per unit of energy Correct answer.

Explanation

Nutrient density, not energy alone, determines the protective value of a diet. Whole grains, pulses, vegetables and fruit supply vitamins, minerals, protein and fibre, whereas refined flour, sugar and oil supply energy with few of these nutrients.

Question 23Food, Nutrition and Health

A family's food budget is limited. Which strategy improves nutritional adequacy most effectively?

  1. Using locally available seasonal foods and combining cereals with pulses Correct answer.
  2. Spending most of the budget on packaged snacks
  3. Reducing vegetable intake to buy more sugar
  4. Buying only expensive imported foods in small amounts

Explanation

Locally available seasonal foods cost less while retaining their nutrient value, and cereal-pulse combinations improve protein quality at low cost. This makes a balanced diet affordable without relying on costly items.

Question 24Food, Nutrition and Health

A patient with severe vomiting and diarrhoea is dehydrated. Which measure is most appropriate as first-line dietary management?

  1. Giving strong coffee to stimulate appetite
  2. Giving oral rehydration solution in small frequent sips Correct answer.
  3. Withholding all fluids until vomiting stops
  4. Giving a large meal of fried food at once

Explanation

Oral rehydration solution replaces water and the electrolytes lost through vomiting and diarrhoea, and small frequent sips are better tolerated than large volumes. Zinc supplementation and continued feeding are also advised in childhood diarrhoea.

Question 25Food, Nutrition and Health

Why does the body need a continuous supply of water-soluble vitamins rather than storing them for long periods?

  1. They are converted into fat and stored in adipose tissue
  2. Excess amounts are excreted in urine, so tissue stores are limited Correct answer.
  3. They are stored only in bones and released slowly
  4. They are destroyed by stomach acid before absorption

Explanation

Water-soluble vitamins such as vitamin C and the B group dissolve in body fluids, and any surplus is excreted mainly in urine. Because body stores are small, a regular daily intake is needed to avoid deficiency.

Question 26Food, Nutrition and Health

Which nutrient is the body's most concentrated source of energy per gram and also carries the fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E and K?

  1. Dietary fibre
  2. Water
  3. Dietary fat Correct answer.
  4. Vitamin C

Explanation

Fat supplies about 9 kcal per gram, roughly double the energy of carbohydrate or protein per gram, and it acts as the carrier in which vitamins A, D, E and K are absorbed and transported. This dual role of energy density and vitamin transport is what distinguishes fat in a balanced diet.

Question 27Food, Nutrition and Health

A child's diet is adequate in energy but supplies very little calcium over several years. Which outcome is most typically associated with this pattern?

  1. Poor development of bones and teeth with risk of rickets Correct answer.
  2. Night blindness caused by failure of rhodopsin formation
  3. Goitre caused by enlargement of the thyroid gland
  4. Bleeding gums and slow wound healing

Explanation

Calcium, together with vitamin D and phosphorus, is the main mineral deposited in bone and tooth tissue, so a long-standing shortfall limits mineralisation and produces weak bones and teeth, with rickets in growing children. The other options describe deficiencies of vitamin A, vitamin C and iodine respectively.

Question 28Food, Nutrition and Health

Which statement correctly describes the process of germination as a way of improving the nutritional value of pulses?

  1. It destroys all B vitamins present in the pulse
  2. It converts the pulse protein into fat for storage
  3. It increases vitamin C content and reduces certain anti-nutritional factors Correct answer.
  4. It raises the fat content and lowers the fibre content of the pulse

Explanation

During germination enzymes are activated, vitamin C is synthesised and substances such as phytates and trypsin inhibitors are partly broken down, which improves digestibility and mineral availability. Fat is not raised and B vitamins are largely retained rather than destroyed.

Question 29Food, Nutrition and Health

A family cooks dal in an iron karahi and serves it with a squeeze of lemon juice. Which explanation best accounts for the improved iron nutrition?

  1. Lemon juice supplies large amounts of haem iron directly to the meal
  2. The iron vessel destroys phytates completely so that no inhibitor remains
  3. Acid from the lemon aids absorption of iron, and cooking in iron adds iron to the food Correct answer.
  4. Cooking in iron converts the dal protein into a source of vitamin B12

Explanation

Iron picked up from an iron cooking vessel adds to the meal's iron content, and the ascorbic acid in lemon juice enhances absorption of non-haem iron by keeping it in the more absorbable ferrous form and countering inhibitors. Lemon juice itself contains negligible iron.

Question 30Food, Nutrition and Health

Which statement best explains the difference between a balanced diet and a diet that merely meets energy needs?

  1. A balanced diet is one that meets energy needs and nothing more
  2. A balanced diet supplies energy plus all essential nutrients in correct proportions Correct answer.
  3. A balanced diet is one that supplies energy mainly from fats
  4. A balanced diet must contain only plant foods

Explanation

A balanced diet is defined by adequacy and proportion: it meets energy needs and also supplies proteins, vitamins, minerals, fibre and water in amounts and ratios suited to the person. A diet that only meets energy needs can still be deficient in protective nutrients.

Question 31Food, Nutrition and Health

A school hostel serves a menu of rice, chapati and potato with very little pulse or vegetable. Which single change would most improve the protein quality of this menu?

  1. Replace rice with more chapati
  2. Add extra sugar to the rice preparation
  3. Increase the quantity of boiled potato
  4. Add a serving of dal or rajma to the meals Correct answer.

Explanation

Cereals such as rice and wheat are low in lysine, whereas pulses are rich in lysine, so combining them raises the overall amino acid pattern and improves protein quality. Potato, extra chapati and sugar add energy but do not correct the limiting amino acid.

Question 32Food, Nutrition and Health

A woman in the second trimester of pregnancy is gaining weight very slowly and her diet is mostly tea and rice. Which advice is most appropriate?

  1. Skip breakfast to control weight gain
  2. Take only vitamin C tablets and continue the same diet
  3. Restrict food intake so that weight gain stays minimal
  4. Add extra energy, protein, iron, folate and calcium through nutrient-dense foods Correct answer.

Explanation

Pregnancy raises requirements for energy, protein, iron, folate and calcium to support maternal tissue and fetal growth, so the diet should become more nutrient-dense rather than more restricted. Inadequate gain raises the risk of low birth weight.

Question 33Food, Nutrition and Health

Which statement about the role of vitamin A in the body is correct?

  1. It is the main mineral deposited in bone and tooth enamel
  2. It is needed for normal vision in dim light and for healthy epithelial tissue Correct answer.
  3. It is the main energy-yielding nutrient in cereals
  4. It acts as the primary carrier of oxygen in the blood

Explanation

Vitamin A forms part of rhodopsin in the retina, which allows vision in dim light, and it maintains the integrity of epithelial surfaces such as skin and mucous membranes. Bone mineral, oxygen transport and cereal energy are unrelated functions.

Question 34Food, Nutrition and Health

A child is brought with swollen, pitting legs, a distended abdomen and thin sparse hair, and has been eating a starchy diet with almost no protein. Which condition does this picture suggest?

  1. Beriberi
  2. Marasmus
  3. Scurvy
  4. Kwashiorkor Correct answer.

Explanation

Oedema, abdominal distension, hair changes and a diet very low in protein with adequate energy are the classic features of kwashiorkor, in which low plasma protein leads to fluid accumulation. Marasmus instead shows severe wasting from overall energy deficiency.

Question 35Food, Nutrition and Health

Which statement explains why a person with a very high intake of refined sugar may still show poor nutritional status?

  1. Sugar directly destroys protein in the body
  2. Sugar supplies energy without protective nutrients and displaces nutrient-dense foods Correct answer.
  3. Sugar binds to vitamins in the gut and prevents their absorption completely
  4. Sugar supplies more protein than cereals do

Explanation

Refined sugar is an energy-dense but nutrient-poor food; when it forms a large share of the diet it displaces foods that supply protein, vitamins and minerals, so the diet becomes dilute in protective nutrients. Sugar does not chemically block vitamin absorption or destroy protein.

Question 36Food, Nutrition and Health

Which measure is most appropriate for reducing the loss of water-soluble vitamins while cooking vegetables?

  1. Cooking vegetables for a long time with repeated reheating
  2. Boiling cut vegetables in a large volume of water and discarding it
  3. Steaming or stir-frying in minimal water and using the cooking water Correct answer.
  4. Soaking cut vegetables in water for several hours before cooking

Explanation

Water-soluble vitamins such as vitamin C and thiamine leach into cooking water and are destroyed by heat and oxidation, so short cooking with little water, intact pieces and use of the cooking liquid conserve them best. Long soaking and prolonged boiling with discarding of water cause the greatest losses.

Question 37Food, Nutrition and Health

A family has limited money and wants to improve the nutritional adequacy of its meals. Which strategy is most effective?

  1. Buy costly imported ready-to-eat foods in small packets
  2. Reduce the number of meals to save money
  3. Use inexpensive seasonal local foods and combine cereals with pulses and vegetables Correct answer.
  4. Spend most of the budget on meat and ghee

Explanation

Seasonal local foods cost less while remaining nutrient-dense, and cereal-pulse-vegetable combinations give good protein quality and a wide spread of vitamins and minerals. Costly packaged foods and heavy spending on meat and ghee reduce variety for the same money.

Question 38Food, Nutrition and Health

A patient with severe diarrhoea and vomiting is dehydrated but is able to drink. Which first-line dietary measure is most appropriate?

  1. Give a large volume of plain water in one go
  2. Give strong sweetened tea only until the vomiting stops
  3. Give oral rehydration solution in small frequent sips and continue feeding as tolerated Correct answer.
  4. Withhold all fluids for twelve hours to rest the bowel

Explanation

Oral rehydration solution replaces water and the electrolytes lost in stool and vomit, and small frequent sips improve tolerance; feeding should continue as tolerated to support recovery. Plain water alone lacks the needed electrolytes and glucose.

Question 39Food, Nutrition and Health

Which statement best explains why the glycaemic response of a meal changes when whole pulses replace part of the refined cereal?

  1. Pulses increase gastric emptying so glucose is absorbed faster
  2. Pulses lower the total energy of the meal to zero
  3. Pulses contain no carbohydrate, so blood glucose cannot rise
  4. Pulses have more fibre and a slower digestion rate, so blood glucose rises more gradually Correct answer.

Explanation

Pulses supply slowly digested starch together with viscous fibre, which slows gastric emptying and glucose absorption and produces a flatter blood glucose curve than refined cereal. They do contain carbohydrate and energy, so the other claims are incorrect.

Question 40Food, Nutrition and Health

Which explanation best accounts for the advice to consume vitamin C-rich foods along with a cereal-pulse meal to improve iron status?

  1. Ascorbic acid removes all the protein from the meal
  2. Ascorbic acid supplies haem iron that the gut absorbs without regulation
  3. Ascorbic acid forms a soluble complex with non-haem iron that is better absorbed Correct answer.
  4. Ascorbic acid converts the meal's iron into calcium for absorption

Explanation

Non-haem iron in cereals and pulses is poorly absorbed because phytates bind it, but ascorbic acid reduces it to the ferrous form and keeps it in a soluble complex, so more is taken up across the intestinal mucosa. It does not supply haem iron or act on protein.

Question 41Resource Management and Home Management

In home management, which resource is classified as non-human rather than human?

  1. Energy of family members
  2. Skills learned through training
  3. Kitchen equipment and utensils Correct answer.
  4. Time available each day

Explanation

Home management divides resources into human resources, such as time, energy, knowledge and skills, and non-human resources, which are material and tangible, such as money, equipment, goods and community facilities. Kitchen equipment therefore belongs to the non-human group because it exists outside the person and can be owned or purchased.

Question 42Resource Management and Home Management

A family lists its goals as 'buy a house within ten years' and 'serve a hot dinner every evening'. These two goals differ mainly because one is:

  1. a human goal and the other a non-human goal
  2. a flexible goal and the other a rigid goal
  3. a personal goal and the other a social goal
  4. a long-term goal and the other a short-term goal Correct answer.

Explanation

Goals in home management are classified by the time needed to achieve them. Buying a house requires planning over many years, while serving dinner is achieved within a day, so the pair illustrates long-term versus short-term goals. The distinction rests on duration, not on the type of resource or on who benefits.

Question 43Resource Management and Home Management

Which of the following is the best example of a fixed family expenditure?

  1. Monthly house rent Correct answer.
  2. Money spent on festival gifts
  3. Cost of medicines during illness
  4. Spending on a holiday trip

Explanation

Fixed expenditures recur regularly and remain more or less the same from month to month, such as rent, insurance premiums and school fees. House rent is paid on a predictable schedule and amount, which is the defining feature of a fixed expense. The other items vary in timing and amount and are therefore flexible or irregular.

Question 44Resource Management and Home Management

In the management process, what immediately follows 'planning' when a family organises a task?

  1. Implementing Correct answer.
  2. Evaluating
  3. Organising
  4. Controlling

Explanation

The widely taught management process runs as planning, implementing, evaluating and controlling or replanning. Once a plan has been made, the next step is to carry it out, which is implementation. Organising is part of the planning stage rather than the step that follows it.

Question 45Resource Management and Home Management

A family decides that the eldest child will wash utensils while the younger one will sweep the floor. This decision is an example of:

  1. simplification of work
  2. evaluation of work
  3. division of labour Correct answer.
  4. standardisation of work

Explanation

Division of labour means splitting tasks among people so that each person takes on a specific job according to ability and time. Assigning different household chores to two children is exactly this sharing of work. The other techniques involve changing how a task is done rather than who performs it.

Question 46Resource Management and Home Management

Which quality of a good home manager is shown when she recognises that a helper is tired and reassigns the heavy work?

  1. Sympathy and consideration for others Correct answer.
  2. Skill in cooking
  3. Knowledge of nutrition
  4. Economy in spending

Explanation

A good home manager needs personal qualities such as tact, patience and consideration for the feelings and capacities of family members. Noticing fatigue and redistributing heavy work reflects sympathy and thoughtfulness. Technical skills like cooking or nutrition knowledge concern tasks, not the handling of people.

Question 47Resource Management and Home Management

Which item in a household would be recorded as a durable good?

  1. A pressure cooker Correct answer.
  2. A bar of soap
  3. A packet of milk
  4. A bag of rice

Explanation

Durable goods are those that can be used repeatedly over a long period, such as furniture, appliances and utensils. A pressure cooker serves the family for years and is therefore durable. Consumable goods are used up quickly and must be bought again often.

Question 48Resource Management and Home Management

Which of the following best describes 'standard of living'?

  1. The level of comfort and goods a family can afford Correct answer.
  2. The amount of time spent on housework
  3. The number of members in a household
  4. The total income earned in one month

Explanation

Standard of living refers to the level of comfort, goods and services a family is able to enjoy, shaped by income and management of resources. It is broader than income alone because it includes how well needs are met. Family size and time use influence it but do not define it.

Question 49Resource Management and Home Management

A family's monthly income is Rs 20,000 and it saves Rs 2,500. What percentage of income is saved?

  1. 8 percent
  2. 15 percent
  3. 12.5 percent Correct answer.
  4. 10.5 percent

Explanation

Savings percentage is found by dividing the amount saved by total income and multiplying by 100. Here 2,500 divided by 20,000 equals 0.125, which gives 12.5 percent. This figure tells the family how much of its income is set aside rather than spent.

Question 50Resource Management and Home Management

Which of these is a primary reason for keeping household accounts?

  1. To decide the family's religion and customs
  2. To compare actual spending with the planned budget Correct answer.
  3. To increase the family's income automatically
  4. To reduce the number of goods owned

Explanation

Household accounts record what is actually spent so that the family can compare real expenditure with the budget it planned. This comparison reveals overspending or savings and guides future planning. Accounts do not by themselves raise income or alter customs.