BoB Office Assistant key terms

A reasoning topic where two or more statements are assumed true and you decide which conclusions must follow logically, using terms like all, some, and no.

A way of drawing circles to represent sets in syllogism questions, so you can see which conclusions are forced and which are only possible.

A conclusion in syllogism that is not certain but can be true under at least one valid arrangement of the sets; it is accepted only when the question asks for possibility.

An unstated idea the author must have accepted for the argument to hold; in reasoning questions you pick the option the passage depends on but does not say.

A statement that follows from the given information without extra assumptions, though it may not be the main point the author is making.

The main claim the author wants you to accept, usually signalled by words such as therefore, hence, or thus.

A reasoning question that describes family links in words or coded symbols and asks how two people are related, for example as father, niece, or brother-in-law.

A reasoning question tracking a person's movement through turns and distances, requiring you to find the final direction or the shortest distance from the start.

A puzzle placing people in a row or around a circle using clues about who sits next to, opposite, or left of whom, answered by building one consistent layout.

The broader question family covering floor, scheduling, and grouping puzzles where several clues must be combined into a single valid arrangement.

A reasoning question using symbols such as @ or # in place of greater-than and less-than signs, where you decode the symbols and test which conclusion is definitely true.

A sequence mixing letters, digits, and symbols where questions ask which element is nth to the left or right, or how many elements sit between two given ones.

A reasoning question in which words or letters are replaced by other letters or symbols under a fixed rule, and you must apply or identify that rule.

A question giving a group of items where all but one share a common property; you identify the item that breaks the pattern.

A question where you are not asked for the answer itself but whether the given statements supply enough information to reach a unique answer.

The judgement in data sufficiency about whether one statement alone, each statement alone, both together, or neither is enough to answer the question.

A set of questions based on a table, bar chart, line graph, or pie chart, requiring you to read values and compute ratios, differences, or percentages from them.

A circle divided into sectors where each sector's angle or share represents a proportion of the total; converting degrees to values is a common calculation.

A fraction expressed out of one hundred, used to compare quantities and to compute profit, loss, discount, and interest in numerical ability questions.

Arithmetic about buying and selling where profit or loss is measured against cost price, and questions often involve marked price and successive discounts.

Interest calculated only on the original principal for the whole period, using principal times rate times time divided by one hundred.

Interest calculated on the principal plus previously earned interest, so the amount grows each period and exceeds simple interest over the same term.

Comparing two quantities by division and equating two such comparisons; used to split amounts and to solve mixture and partnership problems.

The sum of a set of values divided by how many values there are; questions often involve changes in average when a member is added or replaced.

Problems where workers or pipes complete a task at given rates; the standard approach converts each rate to a fraction of the work done per day or hour.

Problems linking distance, speed, and time, including relative speed for trains and boats, where unit conversion between km/h and m/s is frequently needed.

A list of numbers following a hidden rule such as addition, multiplication, or squares; you find the rule and supply the missing or wrong term.

Rounding numbers to convenient values so an answer can be estimated quickly, a common shortcut in numerical ability sections with tight time limits.

An equation of the form ax squared plus bx plus c equals zero; comparison questions ask you to relate the roots of two such equations.

A word with a meaning close to another word; synonym questions test whether you can match a given word to the option nearest in sense.

A word opposite in meaning to another; antonym questions ask you to pick the option that most nearly reverses the given word's sense.

Choosing the word or phrase that fits the meaning and grammar of a particular sentence, rather than the option that merely looks familiar.

A question with one or more gaps in a sentence or passage where you select the option that completes it correctly in grammar and meaning.

A short passage with several numbered blanks; you choose the best word for each blank, using the surrounding sentences as context.

A passage followed by questions on its main idea, details, tone, and implied meaning; answers must be supported by the text, not by outside knowledge.

A question where a sentence is divided into parts and you identify the part containing a grammatical error, or confirm that none exists.

The rule that a verb must match its subject in number and person, a frequent error source with collective nouns and phrases between subject and verb.

A question giving jumbled parts or sentences that must be reordered into a coherent paragraph or sentence using grammar and logical flow clues.

The interest rate at which the central bank lends short-term funds to commercial banks against securities; raising it generally makes borrowing costlier.

The rate at which the central bank absorbs surplus funds from commercial banks; it usually sits below the repo rate and is used to drain liquidity.

Cash Reserve Ratio: the share of a bank's net demand and time liabilities that must be held as cash with the central bank, earning no interest.

Statutory Liquidity Ratio: the share of net demand and time liabilities a bank must hold in liquid assets such as government securities, cash, or gold.

Non-Performing Asset: a loan on which principal or interest has remained overdue for more than ninety days, requiring the bank to make provisions.

Money a bank sets aside from profit to cover expected losses on doubtful or bad loans, which reduces reported profit for that period.

A measure of a bank's capital relative to its risk-weighted assets, showing how far losses can be absorbed before depositors are exposed.

International standards on bank capital, risk management, and liquidity issued by the Basel Committee; Indian banks follow the Basel III framework.

A law letting secured creditors enforce security interests and take possession of pledged assets without going to court, used to recover bad loans.

Know Your Customer: the mandatory process of verifying a customer's identity and address before opening an account or allowing certain transactions.

Anti-Money Laundering: rules and checks banks follow to detect and report transactions that may involve the proceeds of crime.

A rule requiring banks to give a minimum share of credit to sectors such as agriculture, small businesses, education, and housing.

Efforts to bring unbanked and underserved people into the formal financial system through accounts, credit, insurance, and digital payments.

Unified Payments Interface: a system operated by NPCI that lets users transfer money instantly between bank accounts using a virtual address on a mobile app.

National Electronic Funds Transfer: a retail payment system for transferring funds between banks, settled in batches at fixed intervals through the RBI.

Real Time Gross Settlement: a system for large-value fund transfers settled one by one in real time, with a prescribed minimum transaction amount.

The minimum interest rate a bank may charge on loans, calculated from its cost of funds and other factors; replaced largely by the MCLR system.