Sanskrit forms, case relations and joining
Sanskrit analysis connects a word’s form with its function. In रामः फलं खादति, रामः is the eater and फलम् is what is eaten. In रामेण फलं खाद्यते, the construction is passive and रामेण expresses the agent in the instrumental form. A third-case ending therefore does not automatically mean that its referent is a physical tool. Distinguish a case form from the semantic role it expresses in the actual construction.
Learn noun and pronoun paradigms with gender and number. Neuter plural forms can serve nominative or accusative roles, so फलानि needs context. For verbs, traditional Sanskrit प्रथमपुरुष refers to the person spoken about, मध्यमपुरुष to the addressee and उत्तमपुरुष to the speaker. Thus गच्छति and गच्छामि are not assigned the same person simply because an English course uses first person differently.
In sandhi, identify both original forms and the boundary sounds: देव plus इन्द्रः gives देवेन्द्रः, while इति plus उक्तम् gives इत्युक्तम्. Compounding is a different analysis of meaning relations. A suffix or causative label also requires the actual derivation; नयति is not automatically a causative merely because its meaning involves leading someone. Check the requested form, case, tense and construction rather than rely on a memorized fragment.