Haryana BSEH Secondary NSQF Retail key terms

The business activity of selling goods or services directly to final consumers for their own personal or household use, rather than for resale or further processing.

A person or business that buys products from manufacturers, wholesalers, or distributors and sells them in small quantities to end customers, adding service and convenience.

A trader who purchases goods in bulk from producers and resells them in smaller lots to retailers, usually without selling to final consumers directly.

The path a product follows from producer to consumer, including every intermediary such as agents, wholesalers, and retailers that handles it along the way.

Retailing carried out through licensed, professionally managed outlets such as chain stores and supermarkets that follow standard systems, billing, and pricing practices.

Small, independently owned retail businesses such as kirana shops and street vendors that typically lack formal systems, standard pricing, and organised supply chains.

A small neighbourhood grocery shop in India selling daily necessities like food grains, pulses, and packaged goods, often offering credit and home delivery to regular customers.

The specific type of retail outlet defined by size, range of goods, pricing, and location, such as supermarket, convenience store, department store, or specialty shop.

The complete range of products a retailer chooses to stock, described by its breadth across categories and its depth of varieties within each category.

All support and assistance a retailer provides before, during, and after a purchase, aiming to meet customer needs and build repeat business and loyalty.

The tendency of a buyer to return to the same store or brand repeatedly, driven by satisfaction, trust, rewards, and positive past experiences.

A selling technique in which the salesperson persuades a customer to buy a higher-priced or upgraded version of the product they were already considering.

Suggesting related or complementary products to a customer who is buying something else, such as offering a phone case with a new handset.

The structured process of receiving a customer complaint, recording it, investigating the cause, resolving it fairly, and informing the customer of the outcome.

Passing a customer issue to a senior colleague or manager when it exceeds the authority, knowledge, or resources of the person currently handling it.

The planned arrangement of products, fixtures, lighting, and signage inside and outside a store to attract attention, guide shoppers, and encourage purchases.

A diagram showing exactly where each product should be placed on shelves, specifying facings, positions, and quantities to keep displays consistent across outlets.

The number of units of one product placed side by side at the front edge of a shelf so the label is fully visible to shoppers.

A staged arrangement of merchandise and props in a store's front glass area designed to stop passers-by and draw them inside.

Printed or digital labels, boards, and posters used in a store to give directions, show prices, and communicate offers to customers.

A unique code identifying one specific item by its size, colour, pack, or model, used to track inventory and sales at the finest level of detail.

A machine-readable pattern of parallel lines and spaces printed on a product or label that encodes identification data scanned at billing and stock points.

The place and system where a customer's transaction is finalised, including the billing counter, scanner, software, and payment device used.

A printed or digital receipt given to the customer showing the items purchased, quantities, rates, taxes, total amount paid, and the store's details.

Goods and Services Tax, India's indirect tax levied on the supply of goods and services, charged at prescribed rates and shown separately on retail invoices.

A commercial document listing goods or services supplied, their quantities and prices, the tax charged, and the amount payable by the buyer.

The controlled process of receiving, counting, verifying, storing, and depositing cash at a retail counter, with records kept at every step.

A locked tray at the billing counter that holds notes and coins for giving change, opened only for a transaction or an authorised cash count.

A small reserve of cash kept at the store for minor day-to-day expenses such as local transport or small supplies, recorded with vouchers.

The total quantity of goods held by a retailer as raw stock, shelf stock, or stock in transit, valued and tracked to meet expected sales.

The quantity of a particular item currently available in the store, compared against minimum and maximum limits set by the retailer.

The stock quantity at which a fresh order must be placed so that new supplies arrive before existing stock runs out.

The period between placing a purchase order and receiving the goods in the store, used to decide how much buffer stock is needed.

Extra inventory kept beyond normal expected demand to protect against delays in supply or sudden spikes in sales.

The number of times a retailer's average inventory is sold and replaced within a period, indicating how quickly goods move.

Merchandise that has not sold over a long period and occupies shelf space and capital, usually cleared through discounts or returns.

The loss of inventory value caused by theft, shoplifting, damage, spoilage, or paperwork error, measured by comparing recorded stock with physical stock.

The physical counting of goods on hand and matching the count against records to detect shortages, excesses, or errors.

A stock rotation rule under which older stock is sold or issued before newer stock, reducing spoilage and expiry losses, especially for perishables.

The date printed on a product after which it should not be sold or consumed, requiring removal from saleable stock before that day.

The safe receiving, unpacking, checking, stacking, and moving of goods in a store so that products stay undamaged and easy to find.

The use of correct lifting techniques, trolleys, and equipment to move goods safely, protecting both the worker's body and the products.

Any condition or practice at the workplace that can cause injury or illness to a worker, such as slippery floors, sharp edges, or heavy loads.

Gear worn by workers to reduce risk of injury, such as gloves, safety shoes, masks, and eye protection, chosen according to the task.

Practices that keep food safe from contamination, including clean hands and surfaces, correct storage temperatures, and protection from pests.

The routine cleaning and disinfection of floors, counters, equipment, and washrooms in a store to maintain a healthy environment for staff and customers.

Paying full attention to a speaker, noting both words and tone, and confirming understanding by summarising or asking clarifying questions before responding.

Any factor such as noise, language difference, jargon, or poor signal that prevents a message from being received as the sender intended.

A transfer of money made using electronic methods such as cards, UPI, net banking, or mobile wallets instead of physical cash.

Unified Payments Interface, an Indian system that lets users send money instantly between bank accounts using a mobile app and a virtual payment address.

The act of identifying an opportunity, arranging resources, and taking financial risk to start and run a business venture.

A written document describing a venture's product, target customers, market, operations, costs, and expected earnings, used to guide and fund the business.

A label attached to or placed near a product showing its selling price and often its unit rate, barcode, and any discount, helping customers decide.