CG Apex Bank Recruitment cheat sheet

Subject-verb agreement: each, every, either, neither, anyone, everyone take a singular verb; 'neither...nor' and 'either...or' agree with the nearer subject.

Articles: 'a' before consonant sounds, 'an' before vowel sounds ('an hour', 'a university'); zero article with uncountable general nouns ('She likes music').

Tenses: present perfect (has/have + V3) for past action with present relevance; past perfect (had + V3) for the earlier of two past actions.

Prepositions of time: 'in' for months/years, 'on' for days/dates, 'at' for clock times; 'since' with a point in time, 'for' with a duration.

Reading comprehension strategy: locate the keyword in the passage, read the sentence before and after it, and reject options that add information not stated.

Cloze test: read the whole passage first, then predict the missing word before looking at options; check collocation ('commit a crime', 'make a decision').

Error spotting order: check subject-verb agreement, then tense consistency, then pronoun reference, then preposition, then article.

Para jumbles: find the opening sentence (introduces the topic without pronouns like 'he/it/this'), then link sentences by pronouns, conjunctions and repeated nouns.

Idioms and phrases are tested literally: 'to bite the bullet' = to endure a difficult situation bravely; 'once in a blue moon' = very rarely.

Blood relations: draw a family tree with + for male and - for female; vertical lines for generations, horizontal lines for siblings and spouses.

Direction sense: use a coordinate grid; north = +y, east = +x; final distance = square root of (x squared + y squared) when the path is not a straight line.

Coding-decoding: compare the letter positions of the coded word and the original; shifts of +1, -2, or reversal of the alphabet (A=1, Z=26) are the most common patterns.

Seating arrangement: fix the circular arrangement by placing one person, then apply 'left/right' relative to facing direction; when facing centre, left is clockwise.

Syllogism: 'All A are B' does not imply 'All B are A'; conclusions with 'some' follow only if a definite overlap is guaranteed.

Series completion: check differences, then ratios, then alternating patterns, then squares and cubes (1, 4, 9, 16, 25 / 1, 8, 27, 64).

Order and ranking: total = rank from left + rank from right - 1; use this to find a missing rank or total count.

Inequalities: solve the chain directly; 'A > B >= C' gives A > C; a conclusion is false if it contradicts the direction of the chain.

Input-output and machine logic: track the rule applied per step (for example, numbers arranged in descending order and words alphabetically) rather than memorising the sequence.

Simple interest = P x R x T / 100; compound interest = P[(1 + R/100)^T - 1]; for two years, CI - SI = P(R/100)^2.

Profit and loss: profit% = (SP - CP)/CP x 100; successive discounts of a% and b% equal a + b - ab/100 percent off.

Percentage change: a% increase followed by b% decrease gives a net change of a - b - ab/100 percent.

Time and work: if A finishes in x days and B in y days, together they take xy/(x + y) days; use LCM of days as total work units.

Speed, time and distance: distance = speed x time; to convert km/h to m/s multiply by 5/18; relative speed for same direction = difference of speeds.

Average = sum of values / number of values; if every value rises by k, the average rises by k; if every value is multiplied by k, the average is multiplied by k.

Ratio and proportion: if a:b = c:d then ad = bc; to divide an amount in ratio a:b:c, total parts = a + b + c.

Permutation and combination: nPr = n!/(n-r)!; nCr = n!/[r!(n-r)!]; probability = favourable outcomes / total outcomes.

Mensuration: area of circle = pi r squared; volume of cylinder = pi r squared h; total surface area of cube = 6a squared.

RBI monetary policy rates are announced by the Monetary Policy Committee (six members, chaired by the RBI Governor) in bi-monthly reviews.

Union Budget is presented on 1 February each year; the Economic Survey precedes it, usually one day earlier.

Key national institutions: SEBI regulates securities markets, IRDAI regulates insurance, PFRDA regulates pensions, and NABARD is the apex body for rural credit.

Important international groupings: G20, BRICS, SCO, QUAD, ASEAN; India hosted the G20 Leaders' Summit in New Delhi in September 2023.

Space and defence: ISRO's Chandrayaan-3 landed near the lunar south pole in August 2023; Aditya-L1 is the solar observation mission.

Sports: the Olympic Games are held every four years; the Cricket World Cup is organised by the ICC; the Asian Games are held every four years.

Awards: the Bharat Ratna is India's highest civilian award; the Param Vir Chakra is the highest wartime military decoration.

Government schemes to recognise: PM Jan Dhan Yojana (financial inclusion), Ayushman Bharat (health cover), Ujjwala (LPG connections), Mudra (micro-enterprise loans).

Current affairs questions usually test the 'who/what/where' of an event within the last 12 months; anchor facts to the date of the exam, not to older static facts.

Generations: first generation used vacuum tubes, second transistors, third integrated circuits, fourth microprocessors, fifth artificial intelligence.

Memory hierarchy from fastest to slowest: registers, cache, RAM, secondary storage; RAM is volatile, ROM is non-volatile.

1 byte = 8 bits; 1 KB = 1024 bytes, 1 MB = 1024 KB, 1 GB = 1024 MB, 1 TB = 1024 GB.

OSI model has seven layers: Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, Application; TCP works at Transport, IP at Network.

Common shortcuts: Ctrl+C copy, Ctrl+X cut, Ctrl+V paste, Ctrl+Z undo, Ctrl+Y redo, Ctrl+S save, Alt+F4 close window.

IP addressing: IPv4 is 32-bit, IPv6 is 128-bit; a Class C address has a default subnet mask of 255.255.255.0.

Software types: system software (operating systems, device drivers) versus application software (word processors, browsers, spreadsheets).

Cyber threats: phishing tricks users into revealing credentials; malware is malicious software; a firewall filters network traffic by rules.

Excel: a formula begins with '='; '$A$1' is an absolute reference, 'A1' is relative; SUM, AVERAGE, COUNT and IF are core functions.

RBI functions: monetary authority, issuer of currency, banker to government and banks, lender of last resort, custodian of foreign exchange reserves.

CRR is the share of net demand and time liabilities kept with RBI; SLR is held in approved securities and government bonds.

Repo rate is the rate at which RBI lends to banks against securities; reverse repo is the rate at which RBI absorbs liquidity.

Types of accounts: savings, current (no interest, meant for businesses), fixed deposit, recurring deposit; NRE and FCNR accounts are for non-residents.

Cheque types: bearer (payable to holder), order (payable to a named person), crossed (must be deposited into an account), account payee (credited only to the payee).

Priority Sector Lending targets: 40% of adjusted net bank credit for commercial banks, with sub-targets for agriculture, micro enterprises and weaker sections.

Deposit insurance: DICGC insures deposits up to 5 lakh rupees per depositor per bank.

NPA classification: sub-standard, doubtful and loss assets; loans overdue more than 90 days are non-performing.

Payment systems: NEFT, RTGS (minimum 2 lakh rupees), IMPS, UPI and NPCI-operated RuPay are the main retail and interbank channels.

Chhattisgarh was carved out of Madhya Pradesh on 1 November 2000 and became the 26th state of India.

Capital is Raipur; the state's High Court is at Bilaspur, and Naya Raipur (Atal Nagar) is the planned new capital area.

The state has 33 districts after the 2023 reorganisation, including new ones such as Mohla-Manpur-Ambagarh Chowki, Sakti and Sarangarh-Bilaigarh.

Major rivers: Mahanadi (the state's lifeline), Indravati, Godavari tributaries, Hasdeo, Arpa and Shivnath.

Chhattisgarh is a leading producer of coal, iron ore and tin; the Bailadila range in Dantewada is known for high-grade iron ore.

National parks: Kanger Valley (famous for Kutumsar and Tirathgarh), Indravati, Guru Ghasidas (Sanjay) and Achanakmar-Amarkantak Biosphere Reserve.

Tribal communities include the Gond, Baiga, Halba and Kamar; Bastar Dussehra is the longest festival in the state, lasting about 75 days.

Language and culture: Chhattisgarhi is the main regional language; Pandwani is the traditional ballad form of the Mahabharata, and Panthi dance is a well-known folk dance.

State symbols: state animal is the wild buffalo (van bhainsa), state bird is the pahari myna (hill myna), and the state tree is the sal.

Banking operations: KYC norms require identity and address proof; PMLA mandates reporting of cash transactions above 10 lakh rupees and suspicious transactions.

Credit appraisal checks the 5 Cs: character, capacity, capital, collateral and conditions; CIBIL score above 750 is generally treated as low risk.

Basel III rules cover capital adequacy (CRAR), leverage ratio and liquidity ratios (LCR and NSFR); Indian banks follow RBI's Basel III transition path.

Accounting: the accounting equation is Assets = Liabilities + Equity; every debit has an equal and corresponding credit.

Balance sheet items: assets (loans, investments, cash), liabilities (deposits, borrowings); a bank earns from the spread between lending and deposit rates.

Treasury and forex: a bank's foreign exchange position is regulated by RBI's FEMA guidelines; forward contracts hedge exchange-rate risk.

Digital banking: NEFT settles in batches, RTGS is real-time and gross, and UPI uses a virtual payment address mapped to a bank account.

Customer service and grievance redressal: the RBI Integrated Ombudsman Scheme (2021) covers complaints against regulated entities, with a single portal and toll-free number.

Financial inclusion: PMJDY accounts, Mudra loans (Shishu, Kishore, Tarun) and Stand-Up India are the main post-specific schemes a candidate should know.

Chhattisgarh was formed on 1 November 2000 under the Madhya Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2000; its first Chief Minister was Ajit Jogi.

The state legislature is unicameral with 90 Assembly seats; it sends 11 members to the Lok Sabha and 5 to the Rajya Sabha.

Raipur is the capital and largest city; Bhilai (Durg district) hosts the Bhilai Steel Plant, a major SAIL unit.

Agriculture: rice is the principal crop, and the state is known as the 'rice bowl' of central India; the Hasdeo Bango project supports irrigation.

Mineral wealth: Korba is called the power capital of the state because of its coal-based thermal plants and coal reserves.

Tourist and heritage sites: Chitrakote Falls on the Indravati (often called the Niagara of India), Kutumsar Caves, and the Sirpur archaeological site.

Education and institutions: Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya (Bilaspur), Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University (Raipur) and IIM Raipur are located in the state.

State festivals and fairs: Bastar Dussehra, Rajim Kumbh Mela (on the Mahanadi at Rajim) and the Fagun Madai fair are prominent.

Chhattisgarh borders seven states: Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Odisha, Jharkhand and Uttar Pradesh.