Odisha CHSE +2 Vocational Building Maintenance study plan

Classify the physical properties (density, porosity, water absorption, thermal conductivity, soundness) of the main construction materials - bricks, stones, cement, sand, timber, steel and concrete - in a hand-drawn comparison table.

Explain the manufacturing process and field identification tests for ordinary Portland cement, including how to check colour, fineness, setting behaviour and lump formation without a laboratory.

Describe the classification, standard dimensions and quality tests (frog, soundness, water absorption, efflorescence) of burnt clay bricks and how to reject a bad consignment on site.

Outline the functions of the main building components - foundation, plinth, wall, beam, slab, roof, parapet - and the sequence in which a small residential building is constructed from excavation to finishing.

Distinguish between shallow and deep foundations and state which soil conditions require each, with at least three site indicators for weak soil.

Calculate the number of bricks required per cubic metre of brickwork and per square metre of a 230 mm wall, and verify the result against the standard thumb rule.

Compute cement, sand and coarse aggregate quantities for nominal concrete mixes (1:1.5:3, 1:2:4, 1:3:6) for a stated volume, including the dry-volume factor.

Prepare a quantity estimate for a small room - brickwork, plaster, flooring and concrete slab - using the centre-line or long-wall short-wall method.

Explain how rates are built up from material cost, labour cost, tools and plant, overheads and contractor profit, and prepare a simple rate analysis for 1 cubic metre of brickwork.

List and define the standard units of measurement used in building work (cubic metre, square metre, running metre, quintal, number) for at least eight items of work.

Identify the standard masonry bonds (English, Flemish, stretcher, header, rat-trap) in a sketch and state where each is used and why.

Describe the correct procedure for laying a brick wall: soaking bricks, mortar consistency, frog orientation, joint thickness, plumb and level checks, and curing.

Explain the purpose of each plaster coat - backing coat and finishing coat - and specify the correct mortar mixes for internal and external plaster on brick and concrete surfaces.

Diagnose common plaster defects (cracks, crazing, blistering, efflorescence, hollowness, uneven surface) and state one corrective action for each.

Describe the sequence of finishing operations - curing, POP or putty application, sanding and surface preparation - before painting a new plastered wall.

Trace the path of water from the overhead tank to a tap and of waste from a fixture to the sewer, naming every pipe, fitting and trap on the way.

Distinguish between the two-pipe and single-pipe plumbing systems and state the venting requirements that keep water seals intact.

Explain the purpose, types and correct positioning of traps (P, S, Q, bottle) and the role of the gully trap and inspection chamber in a drainage line.

Identify common sanitary fittings - wash basin, water closet, cistern, floor trap, bib cock, stop cock - and state the standard height or position at which each is installed.

List at least six causes of blocked or leaking drainage and describe the maintenance response for each, including when to call for jetting or excavation.

Identify the components of a domestic wiring circuit - service entrance, energy meter, main switch, distribution board, MCB, earth wire, sub-circuits - and explain each one's function.

Distinguish between earthing and grounding practice, describe pipe and plate earthing, and explain why an earth wire must never be fused or switched.

Explain the working of MCB, ELCB and RCCB and state which one protects against earth leakage and which against overload and short circuit.

Specify the correct wire size and circuit rating for lighting, socket and power circuits, and describe how to test a circuit safely before energising it.

Apply electrical safety rules on site: lockout before work, no work on live lines, correct use of tester and multimeter, and safe response to a shock or electrical fire.

Identify common carpentry hand tools and power tools and state the correct use and maintenance of each, including sharpening and safe storage.

Describe the standard door frame and shutter construction, including sizes, section dimensions, holdfast fixing and the clearance required for the shutter to swing freely.

Explain the joinery terms - mortise and tenon, dovetail, halving, housing - and match each joint to a suitable application in doors, windows and furniture.

Specify the surface preparation and number of coats required for painting on new wood, new plaster, old painted surfaces and metal, and select an appropriate paint type for each.

Explain the difference between paint, varnish, lacquer and polish, and describe the correct application of varnish on wood including sanding between coats.

Assess the condition of a building systematically - cracks, dampness, settlement, corrosion, roof leakage - and record findings in a simple inspection format.

Distinguish between structural and non-structural cracks and classify at least five crack patterns by their likely cause.

Describe the repair sequence for common defects: crack stitching and grouting, damp-proof course renewal, re-plastering, waterproofing of roofs and terraces, and treatment of rising damp.

Explain the procedure for renovating a room - stripping finishes, checking services, re-plastering, re-wiring, re-flooring and repainting - in the correct order.

Prepare a preventive maintenance calendar for a residential building covering at least eight routine tasks with their frequency.

Demonstrate correct selection, inspection and safe use of personal protective equipment and hand tools for masonry, plumbing, electrical and carpentry tasks.

Explain safe scaffolding and ladder practice, excavation safety, and the correct handling and storage of cement, paint and solvents to prevent accidents and environmental harm.

Describe waste segregation on a construction site and the safe disposal or recycling route for debris, empty paint containers, solvent residue and electrical waste.

Revise the highest-weight domains by re-solving one worked numerical problem each in estimation, concrete mix quantity and brickwork quantity under timed conditions.

Complete at least two full-length timed mock tests and analyse every wrong answer to identify the underlying concept gap.