Odisha CHSE +2 Vocational Modelling and Sculpture flashcards

31 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Earthenware maturing range

Low-fire clay that matures around 1000–1150°C, stays porous after firing, and is the standard body for hand-modelled terracotta and pottery.

Plaster of Paris set

Calcium sulfate hemihydrate that rehydrates exothermically to gypsum; it sets in roughly 20–30 minutes and warm water or longer mixing shortens the set.

Slip

A cream-consistency mixture of clay and water used to join clay pieces; both surfaces are scored first, then slip is applied and the joint blended.

Papier-mâché paste

Flour-and-water slurry (about 1:3 to 1:4 flour to water, cooked) or starch paste; diluted white glue gives a stronger, less perishable bond.

Release agent

A barrier such as soft soap, petroleum jelly or thin oil applied to a mould so the cast does not fuse to it; omitting it ruins the mould.

Wire loop tool

A clay-modelling tool with a wire loop at the end, used to remove bulk, hollow forms and refine surfaces at the leather-hard stage.

Silica dust hazard

Fine crystalline silica released when carving stone, mixing plaster or sanding; it causes silicosis, so dust masks, extraction or wet working are required.

Steam spalling

Explosive failure when molten metal meets a damp mould; trapped moisture flashes to steam and blows the mould apart, so moulds must be bone dry.

Banding wheel

A rotating platform used in hand modelling to turn the work evenly while shaping, smoothing or checking symmetry without lifting the piece.

Gesture drawing

A rapid sketch of 30 seconds to two minutes that captures the action and mass of a pose rather than its outline or detail.

Sight measurement

A pencil held at arm's length with the tip and thumb marking a unit on the subject; other lengths are compared as ratios to that unit.

Two-point perspective

A drawing system with two vanishing points on the horizon, used when a rectangular form is seen corner-on rather than face-on.

Maquette

A small-scale three-dimensional sketch or model made before the full-size sculpture to test proportion, pose, structure and composition.

Negative space

The air around and between solid forms; in sculpture it is designed deliberately, for example the open gaps pierced through a relief panel.

Asymmetrical balance

Visual equilibrium achieved with unequal masses, where a small dark or complex form offsets a larger, lighter or simpler one placed further from the axis.

Golden ratio

A proportion of about 1:1.618 used to divide a composition or figure so the parts relate harmoniously to the whole.

Leather-hard clay

The stage when clay has stiffened enough to hold its shape but is still damp; it is the best stage for carving, incising and joining.

Hollowing

Removing clay from the interior of a thick solid form, usually at leather-hard stage, so trapped moisture cannot crack or explode it in firing.

Waste mould

A one-use plaster mould that must be chipped away to release the cast; it is cheaper than a piece mould but produces only one copy.

Wax modelling

Building and refining a form with warm wax and heated spatulas; the material softens with hand heat and is the usual original for lost-wax casting.

Lost-wax casting

A process where a wax model is invested in a refractory mould, burned out, and molten metal poured into the void; the original wax is destroyed.

Bas-relief

Low relief in which the carved forms project less than half their depth from the background plane, keeping the ground flat.

Assemblage

A sculptural method that constructs a work by joining found or fabricated parts with welding, bolting, riveting or adhesives rather than carving or modelling.

Pointing machine

A measuring device that transfers key points from a plaster model to a stone block, allowing an indirect carving to be scaled accurately.

Pattachitra

Odisha cloth-based scroll painting from Raghurajpur and Puri, painted with natural pigments on tamarind-and-chalk-treated cloth and outlined in black.

Palm-leaf etching

A traditional Odisha craft in which dried palm leaves are stitched into a bundle, incised with an iron stylus and filled with lampblack ink.

Dokra casting

A lost-wax bell-metal technique practised by Odisha's Dhokra artisans, using a beeswax thread model coated in clay, fired and filled with molten brass.

Chandua appliqué

A Pipili craft of temple-hanging canopies made by stitching coloured fabric shapes onto a base cloth, often decorated with mirrors.

Jhoti and muruja

Odisha floor and wall art using rice paste (jhoti) and coloured powder (muruja), made at doorways during festivals such as Manabasa Gurubara.

Process documentation

Photographing and annotating the armature, block-in, refinement and finishing stages so assessors can see the decisions behind the finished work.

Portfolio statement

A short written page of about 100–150 words covering the project's theme, influences, materials and what the maker learned from the process.