CHSE Odisha Vocational Sericulture flashcards
CHSE Odisha Vocational Sericulture · Build recall with a focused review session.
32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Sericulture
- The science and practice of rearing silkworms on suitable host plants to produce silk. It includes mulberry cultivation, silkworm rearing and cocoon production.
- Moriculture
- The cultivation and management of mulberry plants for leaf production. It covers propagation, planting, pruning, manuring, irrigation and pest control.
- Bivoltine silkworm
- A silkworm race completing two generations per year, usually temperate, producing fine, high-quality silk. It is less hardy and needs better rearing conditions than multivoltine races.
- Instar
- The stage between two successive moults in a silkworm larva. Bombyx mori passes through five instars, with the last two consuming most of the leaf.
- Dfl
- Disease-free laying, a single egg card from a healthy, tested mother moth. It is the unit of brushing and is certified free from pebrine and other pathogens.
- Chawki rearing
- The rearing of young silkworm larvae during the first three instars. It uses chopped tender leaves, higher temperature and humidity, and a separate room to reduce disease.
- Shell ratio
- The weight of the cocoon shell expressed as a percentage of the whole cocoon weight. A higher shell ratio means more reelable silk per kg of cocoons.
- Denier
- The weight in grams of 9,000 metres of silk yarn. It is the standard unit for silk fineness; mulberry raw silk is commonly reeled at 20/22 denier.
- Stifling
- The process of killing the pupa inside the cocoon by hot air or steam, usually at 80-90 C. It prevents moth emergence and protects the silk filament.
- Reelability
- The percentage of cocoons that can be reeled without breaks or waste. It reflects filament quality and cooking suitability and is a key cocoon grading parameter.
- Uzi fly
- A parasitic fly that lays eggs on silkworm larvae, and its maggots kill the host. Control uses mesh screens, hygiene and release of the parasitoid Nesolynx thymus.
- Pebrine
- A protozoan disease of silkworms caused by Nosema bombycis. It spreads through eggs and causes mottled larvae, irregular growth and heavy crop loss.
- Grasserie
- A viral disease caused by nuclear polyhedrosis virus. Larvae become swollen and milky and rupture to release polyhedra, which contaminate the rearing bed.
- Muscardine
- A fungal disease that makes silkworm larvae hard and chalky after death. White, green and yellow forms are caused by Beauveria, Metarhizium and Paecilomyces respectively.
- Mountage
- A device on which mature silkworms are placed to spin cocoons. Common types are the bamboo chandrika and the rotary mountage, each holding 40-50 worms.
- Brushing
- The placing of newly hatched silkworm larvae on food after incubation. It marks the start of a rearing crop and is recorded as the brushing date.
- Pruning
- The cutting back of mulberry branches to stimulate new growth and synchronise leaf production. Bottom pruning is done after leaf fall, and top pruning suits rainfed gardens.
- FYM
- Farmyard manure, the bulky organic manure applied to mulberry gardens. It improves soil structure and water holding capacity and is usually applied at 20-30 tonnes per hectare.
- Drip irrigation
- A method of applying water directly to the root zone through emitters. In mulberry it saves water and is usually scheduled at about 8-10 litres per plant per day.
- Sericin
- The gummy protein that cements the two fibroin filaments in a silk fibre. It is removed by degumming and makes up about 20-25% of the raw fibre mass.
- Fibroin
- The core protein of a silk filament, making up about 75-80% of the fibre. It gives silk its strength, lustre and characteristic handle.
- Raw silk
- The silk yarn obtained by reeling several cocoon filaments together. It is the main marketable product of the reeling industry and is graded by denier and neatness.
- Cottage basin
- A simple reeling unit in which cocoons are cooked and reeled by hand or with a small motor. It is used by small-scale reelers and produces lower-grade raw silk.
- Neatness
- A raw silk test that counts small filament defects per unit length. A higher neatness value means a cleaner yarn with fewer slubs and loose filaments.
- Moisture regain
- The percentage of water in silk at a stated humidity, about 11% at 20 C and 65% RH. It is used to correct the commercial weight of silk lots.
- Benefit-cost ratio
- Gross income divided by total cost of production for a crop. A ratio above one indicates profit; it is used to compare rearing or reeling options.
- Cocoon market
- A regulated market where farmers sell cocoons by open auction to reelers and traders. Price depends on breed, shell ratio, moisture and seasonal supply.
- Silk Samagra
- A Central Silk Board scheme supporting mulberry plantation, rearing infrastructure and post-cocoon technology. It helps farmers and entrepreneurs raise productivity and income.
- Rearing register
- A record of each silkworm crop, noting brushing date, dfl source, leaf fed, temperature and humidity, mortality and cocoon yield. It supports economics and quality analysis.
- Formalin disinfection
- The use of a 2% formalin solution to disinfect rearing houses and appliances. It kills pathogens such as viruses and fungi and is applied before each crop.
- Moult care
- The management of larvae during moulting, when feeding stops and the bed must stay dry and undisturbed. Feeding resumes only after all larvae have completed the moult.
- Eri silk
- A non-mulberry silk from Samia ricini, reared mainly in north-east India. Its cocoons are open-ended and the silk is spun rather than reeled.