Odisha CHSE +2 Vocational Tourism and Travel Management key terms

The temporary movement of people away from their usual place of residence for leisure, business, pilgrimage, or other purposes, and the industries that serve them, usually for less than one continuous year.

A visitor who travels outside their normal environment for at least one night and less than one year, for purposes other than earning money at the destination.

A same-day visitor who arrives at a destination and returns without staying overnight, such as a day-tripper on a coach tour or a cruise passenger visiting a port.

Travel by residents of a country within their own national borders, such as an Odisha family visiting Puri or the Chilika lagoon without crossing an international boundary.

Visits to a destination country by non-residents, which earn foreign exchange for the host economy and are measured through arrival and accommodation statistics.

Travel by residents of one country to destinations in another country, generating expenditure abroad and demand for passports, visas, and foreign currency.

The combined bundle of transport, accommodation, attractions, activities, and services that a visitor purchases as a single experience rather than as separate items.

A place, feature, event, or activity that draws visitors to a destination, such as a temple, beach, wildlife sanctuary, museum, festival, or heritage monument.

A defined geographical area, such as a city, district, or region, marketed and managed as a place that visitors choose to travel to and stay in.

The coordinated planning and control of a place's attractions, facilities, marketing, and visitor impacts so that tourism benefits residents and sustains the local environment.

The maximum number of visitors an area can absorb without unacceptable damage to its environment, infrastructure, resident life, or visitor satisfaction.

Tourism that meets present visitor and host needs while protecting natural, cultural, and economic resources so that future generations can continue to use them.

Responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment, supports local communities, and includes interpretation and learning about nature.

A protected area where animals are conserved in their habitat and human activities are regulated, such as Similipal or Chilika, often opened to controlled visitor viewing.

Travel undertaken mainly for religious devotion to temples, shrines, or festivals, a major segment in Odisha centred on Puri, Bhubaneswar, and Konark.

The predictable rise and fall of tourist demand across the year, driven by weather, holidays, festivals, and school calendars, which affects staffing and pricing decisions.

A business that sells travel products and services on behalf of suppliers, such as tickets, hotel rooms, and tours, earning commission or service fees from clients.

A business that assembles transport, accommodation, and activities into its own packages, sets the price, and takes responsibility for delivering the tour to travellers.

A pre-arranged combination of two or more travel elements, such as transport plus accommodation, sold at a single all-inclusive price for a stated itinerary and duration.

A detailed day-by-day plan listing the places to be visited, timings, transport, accommodation, and activities for a trip, prepared for the traveller before departure.

A percentage of the sale value paid by a supplier to an agent for bringing the booking, a standard income source for travel agencies before service charges became common.

A fee charged directly to the client for professional work such as planning, documentation, or visa assistance, separate from any commission received from suppliers.

A document or electronic record issued to a traveller confirming payment and entitling them to a booked service, such as a hotel night or airport transfer, at the destination.

The supplier's acceptance of a booking, showing reference number, dates, service details, and price, which the agent must verify and pass to the client.

The holding of a seat, room, or service for a named customer for specified dates, which may be provisional until payment or confirmation is completed.

The stated rules on when a booking may be cancelled and what refund or penalty applies, usually graded by how close the cancellation is to the travel date.

Money returned to a client after cancellation, downgrade, or non-delivery of a service, calculated according to the supplier's rules and any agency handling fee.

A contract and receipt for carriage by air, now usually electronic, recording the passenger name, route, flight details, fare, taxes, and ticket conditions.

An official document issued by a national government certifying the holder's identity and citizenship and requesting permission for them to travel abroad and return.

An endorsement or permission granted by a destination country allowing a foreign national to enter, stay, or transit for a stated purpose and period.

Any paid lodging provided to travellers, ranging from hotels and resorts to guest houses, homestays, hostels, and serviced apartments, graded by facilities and service level.

The percentage of available rooms or beds actually sold over a period, a key measure of a hotel's demand, revenue performance, and staffing needs.

A form of accommodation where the guest stays in a family home, often in a rural or heritage setting, receiving local meals and hospitality and sharing the household's daily life.

The process of identifying visitor segments, shaping products and messages to meet their needs, and promoting a destination or business through appropriate channels and pricing.

The specific group of potential visitors, defined by characteristics such as age, income, origin, or interest, that a tourism business or destination chooses to serve.

Dividing a broad travel market into smaller groups with similar needs or behaviour so that products, prices, and promotion can be tailored to each group effectively.

The assistance and care given to travellers before, during, and after a trip, including responsiveness, accuracy, empathy, and handling complaints so that expectations are met.

How well a tourism service meets or exceeds customer expectations, judged through reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy, and the tangible aspects of delivery.

The structured process of listening to a customer complaint, investigating the facts, offering a fair remedy, and recording the case to prevent recurrence.

The act of spotting an opportunity, taking financial risk, and organising resources to start and run a tourism venture such as a travel agency, homestay, or guiding service.

A written document setting out a venture's concept, market, operations, staffing, and financial projections, used to guide the owner and to raise finance.

The sales level at which total revenue equals total cost, so the business makes neither profit nor loss, a basic figure for pricing and viability decisions.

An expense that stays roughly the same regardless of how many customers are served, such as rent, salaries, licences, or insurance for a tourism business.

A cost that changes in direct proportion to the number of travellers served, such as meals, entry tickets, fuel, or guide payments on a tour.

Tourism owned and managed with substantial local community participation, where benefits such as income and decision-making stay in the host area.

Structured time spent observing or working in a real tourism business, such as a hotel, agency, or transport operator, to connect classroom learning with workplace practice.

An organised educational trip to a tourism site, facility, or operator where students observe operations, ask questions, and record findings for a project report.

A written account of practical work covering objectives, methods, observations, data, analysis, and conclusions, submitted for assessment in the vocational course.

A person who accompanies visitors and explains the history, culture, and features of sites, usually requiring local knowledge, communication skill, and a licence where prescribed.