CWC Junior Technical Assistant key terms

A form of logical reasoning in which two premises are given and a conclusion is drawn from them if it follows necessarily. Candidates test whether the conclusion is definitely true, possibly true, or cannot be established.

A technique for solving syllogism and set-based reasoning questions by drawing circles representing groups and checking which regions are empty, overlapping, or certain, rather than relying on verbal intuition.

An unstated idea that must be true for a given statement or argument to hold. In reasoning questions, a valid assumption is necessary to the argument and not merely a restatement of it.

A step or measure proposed as a follow-up to a problem situation. A correct course of action must be practical, address the problem directly, and be within the authority of the person concerned.

A puzzle type where people are placed in a row or around a circle according to clues about relative position, facing direction, or neighbours. Drawing a rough layout prevents errors.

A reasoning question that describes family links through statements or a diagram and asks how two people are related. Converting each clue into a standard symbol avoids confusion.

Finding the next term in a sequence of numbers, letters, or figures by identifying the rule of change, such as constant difference, multiplication, alternating patterns, or squares and cubes.

A reasoning task where words or letters are converted into a code by a fixed rule, and the candidate must apply the same rule to a new word or decode a given code.

A reasoning topic involving movement along north, south, east, and west, often with turns. Sketching the path and using the Pythagorean theorem for shortest distance solves most questions.

Reading and analysing information presented in tables, bar charts, line graphs, or pie charts to answer questions involving totals, differences, percentages, ratios, and averages.

A fraction expressed out of one hundred. It is used to compare quantities, compute profit and loss, discount, simple and compound interest, and percentage change between two values.

The comparison of cost price and selling price of an article. Profit equals selling price minus cost price, and percentage profit is always calculated on the cost price unless stated otherwise.

Interest calculated only on the original principal for the whole period, using the formula principal multiplied by rate multiplied by time, divided by one hundred.

Interest calculated on the principal plus previously earned interest, so the amount grows each period. It is found by subtracting the principal from the compounded amount.

A ratio compares two quantities of the same kind, while a proportion states that two ratios are equal. These ideas underpin mixture, partnership, and scale problems.

The relationship that distance covered equals speed multiplied by time. Questions also use relative speed when two objects move towards or away from each other.

A quantitative topic where the rate of work is the reciprocal of the time taken. Combining rates of two or more workers allows calculation of the total time to finish a job.

The sum of a set of values divided by the number of values. It is used to find combined averages, replacement effects, and missing values in data sets.

The measurement of length, area, and volume of geometric figures such as rectangles, circles, cylinders, and cuboids, which is useful in designing godowns and storage structures.

A word that has the same or nearly the same meaning as another word in a given context. Selecting the correct synonym depends on the shade of meaning required by the sentence.

A word that expresses the opposite meaning of another word. Questions often pair common adjectives and verbs, so candidates should learn opposites in context rather than in isolation.

Replacing a phrase or clause with a single precise word, such as using a short noun for a person who studies crops or a place where grain is stored.

A fixed expression whose meaning cannot be understood from the literal words, such as an idiom meaning to take action before a problem grows. Idioms must be learned as whole units.

The grammatical transformation in which the object of an active sentence becomes the subject of a passive sentence, with the verb changed to a form of be plus the past participle.

The conversion of quoted speech into reported speech, requiring changes in pronouns, tense, and words referring to time and place, while retaining the meaning of the original statement.

A passage with words removed, where the candidate chooses the option that best completes each blank so that the passage remains grammatically correct and logically coherent.

The classification of an agricultural produce lot by quality attributes such as size, colour, moisture, and foreign matter. Grading supports fair pricing and orderly marketing of commodities.

The amount of water present in grain or other produce, usually expressed as a percentage of weight. Excess moisture encourages mould, insects, and heating during storage.

The controlled movement of air through a stored bulk of grain to cool it or equalise temperature. Cooling reduces the risk of hot spots, condensation, and insect activity.

A localized zone of raised temperature inside a stored grain bulk caused by insect activity or microbial growth. It spreads if the bulk is not cooled or turned promptly.

Treating a stored commodity or enclosed space with a toxic gas to kill insects at all life stages. It requires a sealed space, trained operators, and strict safety precautions.

A warehousing method where produce is filled into bags and stacked in layers on pallets or dunnage. It allows ventilation and easy lot separation but uses more space than bulk storage.

Keeping loose grain in large silos or bins without bags. It saves space and handling cost but requires proper aeration, moisture control, and inspection for hot spots.

Wooden planks, pallets, or mats placed under and between stacks of bags to keep produce off the floor and away from dampness, pests, and direct contact with walls.

A stock rotation rule in which older lots are issued before newer ones, reducing deterioration and loss from prolonged storage. It is essential for perishable and semi-perishable produce.

Gear such as gloves, masks, goggles, and boots worn to protect workers from dust, chemicals, and physical hazards during handling, spraying, or fumigation operations.

Machines and devices such as forklifts, conveyors, trolleys, and hoists used to move, lift, and stack goods within a warehouse, reducing manual strain and damage.

The maximum weight or force a structure, vehicle, or piece of handling equipment is designed to bear safely. Exceeding it risks collapse, tipping, and injury.