I85PREP
⌘ K
DGCA RTR(A) Part 1 study materials
DGCA RTR(A) Part 1 study resources

DGCA RTR(A) Part 1 practice questions

One question at a time. Build your DGCA RTR(A) Part 1 understanding.

First 50 of 200 questions. Each one lists the choices, the correct answer, and an explanation. The checker at the top of this page saves progress in this browser when it is available.

Continue in the practice tool above to load more questions, 50 at a time.

Question 1Radio Telephony Procedures and Phraseology

In radiotelephony, what does the spoken word "ROGER" mean?

  1. Stand by, I am checking
  2. Repeat your last transmission
  3. I have received your message and will comply
  4. I have received all of your last transmission Correct answer.

Explanation

ROGER is a procedural word meaning the last transmission has been received in full. It does not imply agreement, compliance or any action, so it is never used to answer a clearance requiring read-back.

Question 2Radio Telephony Procedures and Phraseology

An aircraft calls "Aircraft 123, request radio check, readability five." What is the pilot reporting?

  1. Signal is readable but with difficulty
  2. Transmission is distorted but readable
  3. Transmission is barely audible
  4. Signal strength and clarity are perfect Correct answer.

Explanation

Readability is graded on a scale of one to five, where five is perfectly readable. The pilot is stating that reception of the ground station is perfect, and the ground station should reply with its own assessment.

Question 3Radio Telephony Procedures and Phraseology

Which phraseology should a pilot use to indicate that a transmission is ended and a reply is expected?

  1. OVER Correct answer.
  2. OUT
  3. STANDBY
  4. BREAK

Explanation

OVER signals the end of a transmission and invites a response from the other station. OUT is used when no reply is expected, and the two are never combined in ICAO phraseology.

Question 4Radio Telephony Procedures and Phraseology

A controller transmits a very long instruction and the pilot misses part of it. What is the correct initial call?

  1. DISREGARD
  2. CONFIRM
  3. SAY AGAIN Correct answer.
  4. CORRECTION

Explanation

SAY AGAIN is the standard phrase requesting repetition of the whole transmission. If only part is unclear the pilot may add the portion concerned, for example SAY AGAIN ALL BEFORE "FLIGHT LEVEL".

Question 5Radio Telephony Procedures and Phraseology

How is the callsign "VT-ABC" correctly spoken on the radio?

  1. Victor Tango Alpha Bravo Charlie
  2. Victor Tango Alfa Bravo Charlie Correct answer.
  3. Victor Tango Able Baker Charlie
  4. Vee Tee Ay Bee See

Explanation

ICAO spelling alphabet words are used for each letter of a registration, with the hyphen omitted. Alfa is the ICAO spelling of the letter A, and no abbreviated or national variant is permitted.

Question 6Radio Telephony Procedures and Phraseology

What is the standard phrase to acknowledge a clearance that you will carry out?

  1. COPY
  2. ROGER
  3. WILCO Correct answer.
  4. AFFIRM

Explanation

WILCO means the message has been received, understood and will be complied with. It already includes the meaning of ROGER, so the two words are not spoken together.

Question 7Radio Telephony Procedures and Phraseology

A pilot wishes to say that a transmission is to be ignored. Which word is used?

  1. NEGATIVE
  2. CANCEL
  3. IGNORE
  4. DISREGARD Correct answer.

Explanation

DISREGARD is the standard word instructing the recipient to treat a transmission as not sent. It is commonly used after an erroneous transmission has already been made.

Question 8Radio Telephony Procedures and Phraseology

Which transmission format order should a pilot follow when making an initial call to a ground station?

  1. Request, own callsign, station called, position
  2. Station called, request, own callsign, position
  3. Own callsign, station called, request, position
  4. Station called, own callsign, position and level, request Correct answer.

Explanation

The standard order places the addressee first so the intended station recognises the call, then the calling station's identity, then the message content. Putting the request last lets the controller hear the situation before acting on it.

Question 9Radio Telephony Procedures and Phraseology

A controller says "Aircraft 123, climb to flight level one zero zero, report reaching." What must the pilot read back?

  1. The level and the instruction to report reaching Correct answer.
  2. Only the assigned flight level
  3. Nothing, since the clearance was clearly received
  4. Only the word WILCO

Explanation

Safety-related clearances must be read back in full, including levels and any reporting requirement attached to them. A bare WILCO does not confirm that the level was correctly received.

Question 10Radio Telephony Procedures and Phraseology

On first contact with a new ATS unit, which items should the pilot include in the initial call?

  1. Callsign and the word ROGER
  2. Only the aircraft callsign
  3. Aircraft callsign, position, level and the next position with estimated time Correct answer.
  4. Callsign and the destination aerodrome

Explanation

The initial call to a new unit establishes identity and the aircraft's position and level, and normally gives the next reporting point with an estimate. This lets the controller plan before the pilot's request is stated.

Question 11Radio Telephony Procedures and Phraseology

A pilot is instructed "Aircraft 123, squawk four five zero one." What is the correct read-back?

  1. Squawk four five zero one, WILCO
  2. Squawk four five zero one, ROGER
  3. Squawk four five zero one, Aircraft 123 Correct answer.
  4. Squawk four five zero one, OUT

Explanation

SSR codes must be read back digit by digit together with the aircraft callsign. The callsign confirms which aircraft is acknowledging the code, and WILCO or ROGER alone would not verify the digits.

Question 12Radio Telephony Procedures and Phraseology

How should the frequency 121.5 MHz be spoken?

  1. One two one decimal five Correct answer.
  2. One hundred twenty-one decimal five
  3. One twenty-one point five
  4. One two one point five

Explanation

Frequencies are transmitted digit by digit, with the decimal point spoken as DECIMAL. The word POINT is not used in ICAO radiotelephony, and digits are never grouped into larger numbers.

Question 13Radio Telephony Procedures and Phraseology

A pilot hears "Aircraft 123, hold short of runway zero nine." What does HOLD SHORT mean?

  1. Stop before the runway holding position and do not proceed onto the runway Correct answer.
  2. Hold at the runway threshold after entering the runway
  3. Continue taxiing but reduce speed on the runway
  4. Wait on the runway until further clearance

Explanation

HOLD SHORT instructs the aircraft to stop before the runway holding position marking and not to enter the runway. It is a clearance limit that must be read back and strictly observed.

Question 14Radio Telephony Procedures and Phraseology

What does the instruction "LINE UP AND WAIT" authorise an aircraft to do?

  1. Backtrack the runway and vacate at the far end
  2. Enter the runway and position for take-off, but not begin the take-off roll Correct answer.
  3. Enter the runway and begin the take-off roll immediately
  4. Taxi to the holding point and stop there

Explanation

LINE UP AND WAIT permits the aircraft to enter the runway and align for departure while awaiting take-off clearance. Take-off may only begin after a separate clearance is issued.

Question 15Radio Telephony Procedures and Phraseology

A controller issues "Aircraft 123, cleared to land runway two seven." Which reply is correct?

  1. Cleared to land runway two seven, Aircraft 123 Correct answer.
  2. Cleared to land runway two seven, OUT
  3. Cleared to land, ROGER
  4. Landing runway two seven, WILCO

Explanation

A landing clearance must be read back including the runway designator and the aircraft callsign. This confirms that the correct aircraft has received the clearance for the correct runway.

Question 16Radio Telephony Procedures and Phraseology

What is the meaning of the phrase "CLEARED FOR THE OPTION" in the circuit?

  1. The pilot may choose any runway at the aerodrome
  2. The pilot may only make a full-stop landing
  3. The pilot may make a touch-and-go, low approach, missed approach or full-stop landing Correct answer.
  4. The pilot may only make a touch-and-go

Explanation

CLEARED FOR THE OPTION allows the pilot to complete the approach in any of the permitted ways without a further clearance. It does not extend to choosing a different runway from the one cleared.

Question 17Radio Telephony Procedures and Phraseology

A pilot reports "Aircraft 123, going around." What is the essential information the controller then needs?

  1. The pilot's company callsign
  2. The pilot's fuel endurance
  3. The pilot's intentions after the go-around Correct answer.
  4. The pilot's destination alternates

Explanation

After a go-around the controller must know what the aircraft intends to do next, such as rejoin the circuit or position for another approach. This allows traffic to be sequenced without conflicting instructions.

Question 18Radio Telephony Procedures and Phraseology

How should a pilot report a level of 3,500 feet?

  1. Thirty-five hundred feet
  2. Three thousand five hundred feet Correct answer.
  3. Three thousand and five hundred feet
  4. Three five zero zero feet

Explanation

Altitude is spoken in full words for thousands and hundreds, giving three thousand five hundred feet. Digit-by-digit transmission is reserved for levels such as flight levels and for SSR codes.

Question 19Radio Telephony Procedures and Phraseology

A controller says "Aircraft 123, descend to flight level eight zero." Why is the flight level spoken digit by digit?

  1. Flight levels are only used above 10,000 feet
  2. Flight levels are always below 1,000 feet
  3. Flight levels are transmitted as separate digits to avoid confusion with altitudes Correct answer.
  4. Flight levels are spoken as words when above 20,000 feet

Explanation

Flight levels are expressed as three separate digits, for example FLIGHT LEVEL EIGHT ZERO, to prevent mishearing. This distinguishes them clearly from altitudes reported in feet.

Question 20Radio Telephony Procedures and Phraseology

A pilot receives a clearance but is unsure whether the level was "one two zero" or "one two five". What is the correct action?

  1. Proceed and query the level after take-off
  2. Assume the higher level and read back that
  3. Read back the clearance as understood and ask for confirmation of the level Correct answer.
  4. Ask the controller to repeat the whole transmission with SAY AGAIN

Explanation

Where doubt exists, the pilot reads back the clearance as understood and specifically requests confirmation of the doubtful item. This immediately exposes any error before the clearance is acted upon.

Question 21Radio Telephony Procedures and Phraseology

An aircraft is asked to change frequency and the pilot replies "Standing by one one eight decimal seven." What does this indicate?

  1. The pilot has noted the frequency but is not yet ready to transfer Correct answer.
  2. The pilot requests a different frequency
  3. The pilot has already changed to the new frequency
  4. The pilot cannot accept the frequency

Explanation

STANDING BY in this context means the pilot has noted the instruction and will transfer when able. It is not an acknowledgement that the transfer has been completed.

Question 22Radio Telephony Procedures and Phraseology

During a distress situation, which phrase should precede the distress message?

  1. MAYDAY MAYDAY MAYDAY Correct answer.
  2. SECURITE SECURITE SECURITE
  3. EMERGENCY EMERGENCY EMERGENCY
  4. PAN PAN PAN PAN PAN PAN

Explanation

MAYDAY, spoken three times, introduces a distress message indicating grave and imminent danger requiring immediate assistance. It has absolute priority over all other transmissions.

Question 23Radio Telephony Procedures and Phraseology

What is the correct priority order when a station has both distress and urgency traffic to send?

  1. Safety, then distress, then urgency, then other traffic
  2. Distress, then urgency, then safety, then other traffic Correct answer.
  3. All categories have equal priority and are sent in arrival order
  4. Urgency, then distress, then safety, then other traffic

Explanation

Radiotelephony message priority descends from distress through urgency and safety to ordinary traffic. A station must therefore suspend lower-priority transmissions while distress traffic is in progress.

Question 24Radio Telephony Procedures and Phraseology

A station transmits "PAN PAN PAN PAN PAN PAN, Aircraft 123, engine rough, request diversion." What does this signal indicate?

  1. A routine request for a weather report
  2. A distress condition requiring immediate assistance
  3. An urgency condition concerning the safety of the aircraft but not requiring immediate assistance Correct answer.
  4. A safety message concerning navigation hazards

Explanation

PAN PAN, spoken three times, announces an urgency message where safety is concerned but immediate assistance is not yet required. Should the situation deteriorate into grave and imminent danger, MAYDAY is used instead.

Question 25Radio Telephony Procedures and Phraseology

A ground station hears a distress call but a station closer to the aircraft has already acknowledged it. What should the more distant station do?

  1. Remain silent and continue to monitor the frequency Correct answer.
  2. Change frequency to avoid interfering
  3. Also acknowledge the distress to ensure it was received
  4. Request the aircraft to repeat the distress message

Explanation

Once a distress message has been acknowledged, other stations must avoid transmitting on the frequency unless they can offer assistance. Silence preserves the channel for the station handling the emergency.

Question 26Radio Telephony Procedures and Phraseology

A pilot's call sign is VT-ABC. How should the abbreviated call sign be spoken on first contact with a new ATS unit?

  1. Bravo Charlie
  2. Victor Tango Alpha Bravo Charlie Correct answer.
  3. Victor Tango Charlie
  4. Alpha Bravo Charlie

Explanation

On first contact with any ATS unit the full aircraft call sign must be used, with each letter spoken as a separate ICAO phonetic word. Abbreviation is only permitted after the ground station has shortened the call sign.

Question 27Radio Telephony Procedures and Phraseology

An aircraft is instructed "Taxi to holding point runway two seven via taxiway Alpha, cross runway one eight." What does the pilot require before crossing runway one eight?

  1. A separate explicit clearance to cross that runway Correct answer.
  2. Permission from the tower on the ground frequency after stopping
  3. Only a report that the aircraft is ready to cross
  4. Nothing, because the taxi clearance already authorises the crossing

Explanation

A taxi clearance never includes authority to cross an active runway; crossing requires a specific, separate clearance from the controller. The pilot must stop at the holding position and obtain that clearance.

Question 28Radio Telephony Procedures and Phraseology

A controller transmits "Aircraft 123, runway two seven, cleared for take-off." Which read-back is correct?

  1. Take-off, Aircraft 123
  2. Cleared for take-off, roger
  3. Runway two seven, cleared for take-off, Aircraft 123 Correct answer.
  4. Runway two seven, wilco, Aircraft 123

Explanation

Safety-related clearances, including take-off clearances, must be read back in full, including the runway designator and the aircraft call sign. This confirms the correct runway was understood.

Question 29Radio Telephony Procedures and Phraseology

A pilot is told "Aircraft 123, after the departing traffic, line up runway two seven." What does this instruction mean?

  1. Enter the runway and take up position only after the specified traffic has departed Correct answer.
  2. Enter the runway immediately and be ready for an immediate take-off
  3. Line up and begin the take-off roll behind the departing traffic
  4. Hold at the holding point until a further line-up clearance is issued

Explanation

The conditional phrase "after the departing traffic" requires the pilot to wait until that traffic has vacated before entering the runway. Line-up is then authorised without a further call, but take-off is not.

Question 30Radio Telephony Procedures and Phraseology

A pilot on approach receives "Aircraft 123, continue approach runway two seven." What does this instruction tell the pilot?

  1. The aircraft is cleared to land on runway two seven
  2. The aircraft must hold at the approach fix until further advised
  3. The aircraft should break off the approach and rejoin the circuit
  4. The approach may be continued but landing clearance has not yet been issued Correct answer.

Explanation

"Continue approach" is used when the runway is not yet available; it keeps the aircraft on the approach path without granting landing clearance. Landing clearance must follow before touchdown.

Question 31Radio Telephony Procedures and Phraseology

A controller says "Aircraft 123, reduce to minimum approach speed, traffic ahead." Which phraseology would the pilot normally expect for the traffic information itself?

  1. Traffic information, a Boeing 737 on a three mile final Correct answer.
  2. Caution, wake turbulence, Boeing 737
  3. Number one, Boeing 737, report in sight
  4. Sequence, Boeing 737, follow

Explanation

Traffic information is passed using the phrase "traffic information" followed by the type, position and any other relevant detail. The pilot is expected to acknowledge and report when the traffic is in sight or not in sight.

Question 32Radio Telephony Procedures and Phraseology

A pilot wants to report that the aircraft is established on the ILS localiser for runway two seven. Which transmission is standard?

  1. Aircraft 123, localiser captured
  2. Aircraft 123, fully established approach
  3. Aircraft 123, we are on the ILS now
  4. Aircraft 123, established localiser runway two seven Correct answer.

Explanation

The standard report identifies the aircraft, states "established" and names the aid and runway, for example "established localiser runway two seven". It is concise and unambiguous for the controller.

Question 33Radio Telephony Procedures and Phraseology

During radar vectoring, a controller says "Aircraft 123, turn left heading three six zero." What does the pilot do?

  1. Turn left onto the 360 radial of the approach aid
  2. Turn left to a heading of 360 degrees and maintain it Correct answer.
  3. Turn left through 360 degrees and continue the turn
  4. Turn left by 360 degrees to rejoin the original track

Explanation

A heading instruction gives the magnetic heading to be flown and maintained, not an amount of turn. The pilot turns in the shorter or instructed direction onto 360 and holds that heading.

Question 34Radio Telephony Procedures and Phraseology

A controller issues "Aircraft 123, descend to altitude four thousand feet, QNH one zero one three." What does the QNH value represent?

  1. The pressure setting that makes the altimeter read height above mean sea level Correct answer.
  2. The pressure altitude of the transition level
  3. The pressure setting that makes the altimeter read height above the aerodrome
  4. The standard pressure setting used above the transition altitude

Explanation

QNH is the aerodrome-level pressure reduced to mean sea level, so an altimeter set to QNH indicates elevation above mean sea level. It is used below the transition altitude.

Question 35Radio Telephony Procedures and Phraseology

An aircraft is at 8,000 feet and the transition altitude is 4,500 feet. Which altimeter setting should the pilot use?

  1. QFE, reporting height
  2. QNE, reporting elevation
  3. QNH, reporting altitude
  4. Standard pressure 1013.2 hPa, reporting flight level Correct answer.

Explanation

Above the transition altitude all aircraft set the standard pressure 1013.2 hPa and report flight levels, which provides a common reference for separation. QNH is used at and below the transition altitude.

Question 36Radio Telephony Procedures and Phraseology

A pilot receives "Aircraft 123, report heading." Which reply is correct?

  1. Aircraft 123, heading is zero nine zero degrees magnetic
  2. Turning left, Aircraft 123
  3. Aircraft 123, roger heading
  4. Heading zero nine zero, Aircraft 123 Correct answer.

Explanation

Reports of heading, level or speed are given as the value followed by the call sign, using standard digit-by-digit pronunciation for the heading. Extra words such as "degrees magnetic" are unnecessary in this report.

Question 37Radio Telephony Procedures and Phraseology

A pilot is instructed "Aircraft 123, contact Delhi Control one two four decimal five." How should the pilot reply before changing frequency?

  1. Wilco, changing over
  2. Contact Delhi Control, Aircraft 123
  3. One two four decimal five, Aircraft 123 Correct answer.
  4. Standing by, Aircraft 123

Explanation

The frequency transfer must be read back, with the frequency spoken digit by digit and "decimal" for the point, followed by the call sign. This confirms the correct frequency was copied.

Question 38Radio Telephony Procedures and Phraseology

A controller says "Aircraft 123, say again your estimate for waypoint Charlie." What is the pilot being asked for?

  1. The heading required to fly to waypoint Charlie
  2. The fuel remaining when waypoint Charlie is reached
  3. The revised time at which the aircraft expects to be over waypoint Charlie Correct answer.
  4. The aircraft's present position relative to waypoint Charlie

Explanation

An estimate is the time at which an aircraft expects to be over a significant point. "Say again" asks the pilot to repeat or restate that information.

Question 39Radio Telephony Procedures and Phraseology

An aircraft's Mode C indication disappears from the radar display. Which transmission should the controller make to the pilot?

  1. Aircraft 123, recycle your radio
  2. Aircraft 123, say your altitude
  3. Aircraft 123, check your transponder, squawk four five zero one Correct answer.
  4. Aircraft 123, radar contact lost, resume own navigation

Explanation

Loss of Mode C usually indicates a transponder fault or a wrong mode selection, so the controller asks the pilot to check the transponder and confirms the assigned code. The code read-back allows verification.

Question 40Radio Telephony Procedures and Phraseology

A pilot is told "Aircraft 123, squawk ident." What is the required action?

  1. Select code 7000 on the transponder
  2. Switch the transponder to standby
  3. Press the ident button on the transponder without changing the assigned code Correct answer.
  4. Change to the next assigned code and report

Explanation

"Squawk ident" instructs the pilot to activate the identification feature, which causes the radar target to display an identification pulse. The assigned code is retained.

Question 41Radio Telephony Procedures and Phraseology

A pilot on final approach hears "Aircraft 123, go around, I say again, go around." What is the correct initial action?

  1. Stop on the runway after touchdown and await instructions
  2. Apply go-around power and climb straight ahead following the published missed approach Correct answer.
  3. Continue the approach and land because the runway is in sight
  4. Turn downwind immediately without climbing

Explanation

A go-around instruction must be complied with immediately: apply power, climb and follow the published missed approach or as instructed by the controller. The controller will then issue further instructions.

Question 42Radio Telephony Procedures and Phraseology

An aircraft on the ground is told "Aircraft 123, hold position." What does this mean?

  1. Vacate the taxiway at the next intersection
  2. Continue taxiing but do not enter the runway
  3. Return to the apron without delay
  4. Stop and remain at the present position on the taxiway or apron Correct answer.

Explanation

"Hold position" tells the aircraft to stop where it is and wait for further instructions. It is used to protect a crossing, a runway or other traffic.

Question 43Radio Telephony Procedures and Phraseology

A pilot reports "Aircraft 123, ready for departure." What information does this convey to the tower?

  1. The aircraft has already begun the take-off roll
  2. The aircraft is at the holding point, fully prepared and awaiting take-off clearance Correct answer.
  3. The aircraft is requesting taxi clearance to the runway
  4. The aircraft requires a start-up clearance

Explanation

"Ready for departure" tells the controller the aircraft is at the departure point with checks complete and awaiting a take-off clearance. It is not itself a request to enter the runway.

Question 44Radio Telephony Procedures and Phraseology

A controller needs to interrupt a transmission to pass urgent traffic information. Which phrase is used?

  1. Standby
  2. Break, break Correct answer.
  3. Say again
  4. Correction

Explanation

"Break, break" is the proword used to interrupt a transmission when urgent information must be passed. It signals that the ongoing exchange must stop immediately.

Question 45Radio Telephony Procedures and Phraseology

A pilot has made an error in a transmission and wishes to correct it. Which phrase is used?

  1. Cancel
  2. Correction Correct answer.
  3. Negative
  4. Disregard

Explanation

"Correction" introduces the corrected version of information just transmitted. The correct figure or word is then stated in full.

Question 46Radio Telephony Procedures and Phraseology

A pilot cannot comply with a clearance and wishes to refuse it. Which phrase should be used?

  1. Unable Correct answer.
  2. Negative
  3. Wilco
  4. Say again

Explanation

"Unable" states that the pilot cannot comply with the instruction, and the reason should normally be given. It is distinct from a simple negative answer to a question.

Question 47Radio Telephony Procedures and Phraseology

A ground station has a message for an aircraft but the pilot is busy and asks the station to wait. Which phrase does the pilot use?

  1. Standby Correct answer.
  2. Monitor
  3. Wait one
  4. Hold on

Explanation

"Standby" is the standard proword indicating the station must wait and that it will be called back. It is used both by controllers and pilots.

Question 48Radio Telephony Procedures and Phraseology

An aircraft declares a distress and the controller replies "Aircraft 123, roger your MAYDAY." Which element should the controller obtain next?

  1. The departure aerodrome weather
  2. The pilot's licence number and total hours
  3. The nature of the distress and the pilot's intentions Correct answer.
  4. The aircraft's registration and company name

Explanation

After acknowledging a distress call the controller must obtain the nature of the problem and what the pilot intends to do, so that appropriate assistance can be arranged. Position and level are also confirmed.

Question 49Radio Telephony Procedures and Phraseology

A pilot transmits a distress message. Which information should follow the MAYDAY and the call sign?

  1. The aircraft's maintenance history and fuel state
  2. Only the words "request assistance"
  3. The name of the handling agent at destination
  4. Nature of the distress, intentions and present position, level and heading Correct answer.

Explanation

A distress message follows the distress signal and call sign with the nature of the distress, the intentions of the pilot, and position, level and heading. This gives the controller what is needed to provide assistance.

Question 50Radio Telephony Procedures and Phraseology

A pilot hears a distress transmission from another aircraft on the frequency in use. What is the correct action?

  1. Continue normal transmissions because the distress is not your own
  2. Maintain radio silence on that frequency unless directly assisting or in distress yourself Correct answer.
  3. Change frequency and resume your own communications
  4. Transmit a MAYDAY relay immediately without waiting

Explanation

Distress traffic has absolute priority, so all other stations must impose radio silence on the frequency unless they can assist. A relay is only made when no other station has acknowledged the distress.