DGS GP Rating Exit Exam flashcards
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32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Nautical mile
- A unit of distance equal to one minute of arc of latitude, approximately 1,852 metres, used for measuring distances at sea.
- True bearing
- True bearing equals magnetic bearing plus easterly variation or minus westerly variation; deviation must be applied first when converting from compass to true.
- IALA Region A
- In IALA Region A, port-hand marks are red and cylindrical, while starboard-hand marks are green and conical when entering a harbour.
- Cardinal mark east
- An IALA cardinal buoy with two cones base to base forming an egg shape, indicating that safe water lies to the east of the mark.
- Four-stroke cycle
- The sequence of intake, compression, power and exhaust strokes occurring over two revolutions of the crankshaft in a four-stroke diesel engine.
- Oily water separator limit
- Under MARPOL Annex I, machinery space bilge water may be discharged overboard only through a 15 ppm oily water separator with alarm and automatic stopping device.
- Steering gear changeover
- SOLAS requires the main and auxiliary steering gear to be capable of changeover within 45 seconds in the event of failure of one power unit.
- Collision bulkhead
- A watertight bulkhead fitted forward, located not less than 0.05L and not more than 0.08L from the forward perpendicular, limiting flooding after a collision.
- Sacrificial anode
- A zinc or aluminium block fitted to the hull that corrodes preferentially, protecting the steel from galvanic corrosion in seawater.
- Cofferdam
- An empty watertight space between two bulkheads or decks that separates tanks containing different liquids and prevents leakage between them.
- Stowage factor
- The volume in cubic metres occupied by one tonne of cargo, including packaging and unavoidable broken stowage, used for planning cargo distribution.
- GM formula
- Metacentric height GM equals KM minus KG; positive GM indicates initial stability, while negative GM means the vessel is unstable and may list or capsize.
- IMDG Class 1
- The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code class for explosives, which require special stowage, segregation and handling because of blast and fire risk.
- Fire tetrahedron
- The four elements needed for combustion: fuel, heat, oxygen and the chemical chain reaction; removing any one element extinguishes the fire.
- Class B fire
- A fire involving flammable liquids such as oil, petrol or paint, best extinguished by foam, carbon dioxide or dry powder, never by a water jet.
- CO2 fixed system
- A fire-extinguishing system that smothers fire by displacing oxygen; the protected space must be evacuated and sealed before release because carbon dioxide is lethal.
- Abandon ship signal
- Seven short blasts followed by one long blast on the ship's whistle and internal alarm, instructing crew to muster and abandon ship.
- EPIRB frequency
- A 406 MHz satellite distress beacon that transmits the vessel identity and position to search and rescue authorities when activated in an emergency.
- HELP position
- Heat Escape Lessening Posture: drawing the knees to the chest and hugging the arms in water reduces heat loss from the body core.
- SART frequency
- A search and rescue radar transponder operating in the 9 GHz band; it shows a line of twelve dots on a rescuing ship's radar screen.
- CPR compression ratio
- For adult resuscitation, give 30 chest compressions followed by two rescue breaths, compressing at 100 to 120 times per minute to a depth of 5 to 6 cm.
- Recovery position
- A side-lying position for an unconscious person who is breathing, keeping the airway open and allowing fluids to drain from the mouth.
- Burn cooling
- Cool a burn with clean running water for about 20 minutes, remove jewellery and loose clothing, and do not burst blisters.
- Enclosed space test
- Before entry, test the atmosphere for oxygen at about 21 percent, flammable gas below 1 percent LEL and toxic gases within accepted limits.
- Permit to work
- A formal written authorisation for high-risk tasks that records isolations, precautions, gas tests and the persons responsible for the job.
- Lockout tagout
- A procedure that isolates electrical or mechanical energy sources and attaches personal locks and tags to prevent accidental startup during maintenance.
- MARPOL Annex V
- The annex regulating garbage disposal from ships; plastics may never be discharged, and food waste is permitted only outside specified distances from land.
- MARPOL Annex VI sulphur
- Sets a global fuel sulphur limit of 0.50 percent from 2020 and 0.10 percent in emission control areas, or equivalent scrubber compliance.
- MLC 2006
- The Maritime Labour Convention sets minimum standards for seafarers' employment, accommodation, food, medical care, hours of work and rest.
- MAYDAY
- The international radiotelephone distress signal used when a vessel or person is in grave and imminent danger and requires immediate assistance.
- VHF Channel 16
- The international distress, safety and calling frequency on VHF; initial contact is made here, then traffic moves to a working channel.
- Dead slow ahead
- A standard engine order meaning the engine is to run ahead at the minimum speed that keeps the vessel under control.