DSSSB TGT flashcards
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31 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Article 32
- Constitutional right that lets a person move the Supreme Court directly for enforcement of Fundamental Rights through writs. Dr. Ambedkar called it the heart and soul of the Constitution.
- Anti-defection law
- Set out in the Tenth Schedule, added in 1985, it disqualifies a legislator who voluntarily quits a party or votes against the party whip. The presiding officer decides such cases.
- Tropic of Cancer in India
- An imaginary latitude at about 23.5 degrees north that passes through eight Indian states, including Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Tripura and Mizoram.
- Dandi March
- Gandhi's 1930 march from Sabarmati Ashram to Dandi to make salt and defy the British salt law. It began the Civil Disobedience Movement.
- Bharat Ratna
- India's highest civilian award, instituted in 1954, given for exceptional service in any field. It is not a title and carries no cash grant.
- Opposite letter rule
- In the alphabet, letters equidistant from the ends sum to 27 by position. So A pairs with Z, B with Y, and the opposite of D (4) is W (23).
- Syllogism validity test
- A conclusion follows only if it is true in every possible Venn diagram of the premises. If one valid diagram makes it false, the conclusion does not follow.
- Blood relation tree
- A diagram where vertical lines separate generations and horizontal lines link siblings or spouses. Build it before answering any relationship question.
- Interleaved number series
- A series formed by mixing two separate patterns, such as odd-position terms increasing by 3 and even-position terms doubling. Check alternating positions when single-step differences fail.
- Analogy relation types
- Common links include part to whole, worker to tool, cause to effect, and synonym or antonym. Name the exact link in the given pair before matching options.
- Successive percentage change
- Two successive changes of a percent and b percent give a net change of a + b + ab/100. A 20 percent rise then a 20 percent fall gives a net 4 percent fall.
- Compound interest formula
- CI equals P times [(1 + R/100)^T minus 1]. For two years, the gap between compound and simple interest equals P times (R/100) squared.
- Average speed, equal distances
- When equal distances are covered at speeds a and b, average speed is 2ab/(a+b). This harmonic mean is always less than the arithmetic mean of the two speeds.
- Alligation rule
- Used in mixtures: the ratio of two quantities equals the difference between the mean price and the cheaper price, divided by the difference between the dearer price and the mean.
- Work done together
- If A alone takes x days and B alone takes y days, together they need xy/(x+y) days. Using LCM units of work avoids fractions.
- New average after addition
- Adding a value v to n items gives a new average of (old sum + v)/(n+1). If the average rises by x, the added value is the old average plus (n+1)x.
- Cone and sphere volume
- Volume of a cone is one third of pi r squared h, so it is one third of the cylinder with the same base and height. Surface area of a sphere is 4 pi r squared.
- दीर्घ संधि
- जब अ, आ के बाद अ, आ मिलते हैं तो दोनों मिलकर आ बन जाते हैं। जैसे विद्या + आलय = विद्यालय, परम + आत्मा = परमात्मा।
- बहुव्रीहि समास
- वह समास जिसमें कोई भी पद प्रधान न होकर दोनों मिलकर किसी तीसरे अर्थ का बोध कराते हैं। जैसे दशानन = दस सिर वाला (रावण)।
- अनुप्रास अलंकार
- जब एक ही वर्ण की आवृत्ति एक से अधिक बार होती है तो अनुप्रास अलंकार होता है। जैसे 'चारु चंद्र की चंचल किरणें' में च वर्ण की आवृत्ति है।
- करण कारक
- जिस साधन से क्रिया पूरी होती है उसे करण कारक कहते हैं। इसका विभक्ति चिह्न 'से' या 'के द्वारा' है, जैसे 'राम ने बाण से मारा'।
- तद्धित प्रत्यय
- वे प्रत्यय जो संज्ञा या विशेषण शब्दों के अंत में जुड़कर नया शब्द बनाते हैं। जैसे मीठा + आस = मिठास, लड़का + पन = लड़कपन।
- उपसर्ग का अर्थ परिवर्तन
- उपसर्ग शब्द के आरंभ में जुड़कर अर्थ बदलते हैं। 'प्र' का अर्थ आगे या उत्कर्ष है, जैसे प्रगति; 'वि' विशेष या विपरीत दर्शाता है, जैसे विदेश।
- Subject-verb agreement with one of
- In the pattern 'one of the + plural noun', the verb agrees with 'one' and stays singular. Example: One of the boys is absent.
- Present perfect with since and for
- Use has or have plus the past participle with 'since' for a starting point and 'for' for a duration. Example: She has lived here since 2010 for six years.
- Between versus among
- Use 'between' for two distinct persons or things and 'among' for more than two. 'Between' can also show a relationship involving several parties taken individually.
- Passive voice formation
- Make the object the subject, use the correct form of be plus the past participle, and add the agent with 'by'. Intransitive verbs such as sleep have no passive.
- Reported speech tense shift
- When the reporting verb is past, shift the reported tense one step back: present to past, past to past perfect. Also change now to then and here to there.
- Articles before vowel sounds
- Choose 'an' by sound, not spelling: an hour, an honest man, but a university and a European. Consonant sounds take 'a'.
- Senior, superior, inferior
- These comparative adjectives take 'to' rather than 'than'. Example: He is senior to me. The same rule applies to junior, prior and preferable.
- Hardly and scarcely
- These negative adverbs are followed by 'when', not 'than', to link two clauses. Example: Hardly had he arrived when the meeting began.