ESIC Nursing Officer key terms

A systematic five-step method (assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, evaluation) used by nurses to identify and meet patient needs, provide individualized care, and evaluate outcomes.

A clinical judgment about a patient's response to health conditions or life processes, forming the basis for selecting nursing interventions to achieve outcomes for which the nurse is accountable.

A structured format for documenting patient care: Subjective data, Objective data, Assessment, Plan, Intervention, and Evaluation, promoting clear and consistent communication among healthcare providers.

A written document that outlines the specific nursing interventions and expected outcomes for an individual patient, guiding the delivery of consistent and coordinated nursing care.

The absence of pathogenic microorganisms. Medical asepsis reduces the number and spread of organisms, while surgical asepsis eliminates all microorganisms from objects and areas.

Practices that keep an area or object free from all microorganisms, including spores, used during invasive procedures such as catheter insertion, surgery, and dressing changes.

Policies and procedures, including hand hygiene, personal protective equipment, isolation precautions, and sterilization, designed to prevent the transmission of infectious agents in healthcare settings.

Basic physiological measurements-body temperature, pulse, respiration, blood pressure, and often oxygen saturation-used to assess a patient's overall health status and detect abnormalities.

The force exerted by circulating blood against the walls of blood vessels, measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) as systolic and diastolic pressures, reflecting cardiovascular function.

A noninvasive method of monitoring the percentage of hemoglobin saturated with oxygen (SpO2) using a device placed on a finger or earlobe, aiding in the detection of hypoxemia.

A chronic condition characterized by persistently elevated arterial blood pressure, typically defined as systolic pressure of 140 mmHg or higher and/or diastolic pressure of 90 mmHg or higher.

A condition in which the body or a region of the body is deprived of adequate oxygen supply at the tissue level, often indicated by low oxygen saturation and requiring prompt intervention.

The administration of supplemental oxygen to prevent or treat hypoxia, delivered via nasal cannula, mask, or other devices, with flow rate and concentration tailored to the patient's needs.

A class of medications used to lower blood pressure, including diuretics, beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors, and calcium channel blockers, each with specific indications and side effects.

A metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia due to insufficient insulin production or action, requiring monitoring of blood glucose and management with diet, exercise, and medication.

A hormone produced by pancreatic beta cells that regulates glucose uptake by cells; administered exogenously in diabetes mellitus to lower blood glucose levels.

Abnormally high blood glucose levels, a hallmark of diabetes mellitus, which can lead to symptoms such as polyuria, polydipsia, and, if severe, ketoacidosis or hyperosmolar coma.

A form of diabetes that develops during pregnancy, usually in the second or third trimester, and increases risks for both mother and fetus, requiring careful monitoring and management.

Regular healthcare provided to a pregnant woman to monitor the health of both mother and fetus, detect complications early, and promote healthy behaviors throughout pregnancy.

The period before birth, encompassing the care and assessments provided to a pregnant woman from conception until the onset of labor.

The period immediately after birth, typically covering the first six weeks, during which the mother's body recovers and the newborn's health is monitored.

The vaginal discharge that occurs after childbirth, consisting of blood, mucus, and uterine tissue, progressing from lochia rubra to serosa to alba over several weeks.

The process by which the uterus returns to its pre-pregnancy size and position after childbirth, typically taking about six weeks and assessed by fundal height.

A quick assessment of a newborn's health at one and five minutes after birth, evaluating heart rate, respiratory effort, muscle tone, reflex irritability, and skin color, each scored 0–2.

A set of emergency procedures performed immediately after birth to assist a newborn who is not breathing or has a low heart rate, including stimulation, airway management, and ventilation.

A systematic physical examination of a newborn to evaluate vital signs, reflexes, birth weight, and the presence of any congenital anomalies or complications.

The process by which a person becomes protected against a disease through vaccination, which stimulates the immune system to produce antibodies without causing the disease.

Indirect protection from an infectious disease that occurs when a sufficient proportion of a population is immune, reducing the likelihood of transmission to those who are not immune.

A biological preparation that provides active acquired immunity to a particular infectious disease, typically containing an agent resembling the disease-causing microorganism.

A structured assessment of a patient's cognitive and emotional functioning, covering appearance, behavior, mood, affect, thought process, perception, cognition, and insight.

A purposeful form of interaction used by nurses to promote a patient's emotional well-being, using techniques such as active listening, empathy, and open-ended questions.

A professional, goal-directed connection between nurse and patient, built on trust, respect, and confidentiality, with clear boundaries to support the patient's health and recovery.

A severe mental condition characterized by a loss of contact with reality, often involving delusions, hallucinations, and disorganized thinking, requiring psychiatric intervention.

A class of medications used to manage psychosis, including symptoms of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, by blocking dopamine receptors in the brain.

Drug-induced movement disorders such as tremors, rigidity, and tardive dyskinesia, often associated with antipsychotic medications and requiring careful monitoring.

The standard reference posture in anatomy: standing upright, facing forward, arms at the sides, and palms facing forward, used to describe the locations of body structures.

The body's ability to maintain a stable internal environment despite changes in external conditions, regulated by feedback mechanisms involving the nervous and endocrine systems.

The branch of biology that studies the normal functions and processes of living organisms and their parts, providing a basis for understanding health and disease.