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HTET Level 3 (PGT) study materials
HTET Level 3 (PGT) study resources

HTET Level 3 (PGT) practice questions

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Question 1Child Development and Pedagogy

According to Piaget's theory of cognitive development, which characteristic best describes the thinking of a child in the preoperational stage (approximately 2 to 7 years)?

  1. Thinking that is dominated by perception and lacks reversibility Correct answer.
  2. The ability to conserve quantity across changes in appearance
  3. The ability to classify objects using multiple simultaneous criteria
  4. The capacity for abstract hypothetical-deductive reasoning

Explanation

Preoperational thought is marked by centration, irreversibility and reliance on perceptual appearance, so the child is fooled by how things look rather than by logical transformations. Conservation and multiple classification emerge only in the concrete operational stage, while hypothetical-deductive reasoning belongs to the formal operational stage.

Question 2Child Development and Pedagogy

A teacher wants to apply Vygotsky's concept of the zone of proximal development during a mathematics lesson. Which classroom action best reflects this concept?

  1. Testing learners only on material mastered in earlier grades to build confidence
  2. Asking learners to solve problems strictly at a level they can already manage alone
  3. Delaying all instruction until learners spontaneously discover the procedure themselves
  4. Providing scaffolded support so learners can complete a task they could not yet do independently Correct answer.

Explanation

The zone of proximal development is the gap between what a learner can do alone and what the learner can do with guidance from a more capable person. Instruction is most effective when it targets this gap and provides temporary scaffolding that is gradually withdrawn.

Question 3Child Development and Pedagogy

In Kohlberg's theory of moral development, a student who argues that a rule should be followed because it maintains social order and fulfils agreed obligations is reasoning at which level?

  1. Conventional level Correct answer.
  2. Postconventional level
  3. Preconventional level
  4. Amoral level

Explanation

Conventional morality, particularly the law-and-order orientation of stage four, justifies behaviour by duty, maintaining the social system and meeting shared expectations. Preconventional reasoning is guided by punishment and self-interest, while postconventional reasoning appeals to universal ethical principles.

Question 4Child Development and Pedagogy

Which of the following is the clearest example of intrinsic motivation in a classroom setting?

  1. A learner revises diligently to avoid a warning from the class teacher
  2. A learner reads extra books on astronomy because the subject fascinates her Correct answer.
  3. A learner studies hard to outperform a classmate in the ranking list
  4. A learner completes homework to earn a promised cinema ticket

Explanation

Intrinsic motivation arises from interest, curiosity and satisfaction inherent in the activity itself. The learner reading astronomy for fascination acts for the inherent pleasure of the task rather than for an external reward or to avoid punishment.

Question 5Child Development and Pedagogy

Which statement best captures the core idea of inclusive education as understood in Indian school policy?

  1. Educating children with disabilities in separate special schools only
  2. Admitting children with disabilities only if they can meet the same pace as others without support
  3. Adapting the school and its pedagogy so that all children learn together in regular classrooms Correct answer.
  4. Placing children with disabilities in a special room within the school for most of the day

Explanation

Inclusive education means the system adapts to the diversity of learners, so children with disabilities and other marginalised groups learn alongside peers in regular classrooms with appropriate support. Segregation, whether in separate schools or isolated rooms, is the opposite of inclusion.

Question 6Child Development and Pedagogy

A teacher notices that a learner who is generally shy and quiet contributes thoughtful answers in small group discussions but rarely speaks in whole-class sessions. Which interpretation is most consistent with a socio-cultural view of learning?

  1. The learner's participation is shaped by the social setting and can change with different activity structures Correct answer.
  2. The learner has a fixed low intelligence that limits participation in large groups
  3. The learner is deliberately disobedient when the whole class is addressed
  4. The learner has no interest in the subject and should be moved to a lower section

Explanation

A socio-cultural perspective treats participation as situated in social contexts, so a learner may perform differently across settings depending on the demands and support available. The teacher should adjust grouping structures rather than label the learner as deficient.

Question 7Child Development and Pedagogy

A child is shown two identical balls of clay, then watches one being rolled into a long thin shape. The child says the long shape has more clay. According to Piaget, the child has not yet acquired which concept?

  1. Seriation of length
  2. Object permanence
  3. Conservation of mass Correct answer.
  4. Egocentric speech

Explanation

Conservation of mass is the understanding that quantity stays the same despite changes in appearance, and this child judges by the salient perceptual feature of length. Conservation of mass typically develops during the concrete operational stage.

Question 8Child Development and Pedagogy

A teacher gives a short diagnostic test at the start of a unit to find out what learners already know and where misconceptions lie. What is this assessment primarily called?

  1. Formative assessment
  2. Diagnostic assessment Correct answer.
  3. Norm-referenced assessment
  4. Summative assessment

Explanation

Diagnostic assessment is conducted to identify learners' prior knowledge, strengths and misconceptions before or during instruction so that teaching can be planned accordingly. It differs from summative assessment, which judges achievement at the end, and from ongoing formative assessment used to adjust learning.

Question 9Child Development and Pedagogy

Which classroom practice is most consistent with the principles of constructivist pedagogy?

  1. Learners memorise definitions and are tested on exact wording each week
  2. The teacher presents the final correct rule first and learners copy it into notebooks
  3. The teacher avoids all group work to prevent learners from sharing errors
  4. Learners explore a problem, discuss alternative solutions and build explanations with teacher guidance Correct answer.

Explanation

Constructivism holds that learners actively build understanding by connecting new experience to prior knowledge, often through exploration and social negotiation. The teacher's role is to guide and challenge thinking rather than simply transmit finished rules.

Question 10Child Development and Pedagogy

A learner who has repeatedly failed mathematics begins to say, 'I am just bad at maths, there is no point trying.' This pattern most closely illustrates which concept?

  1. Intrinsic motivation
  2. Zone of proximal development
  3. Positive transfer of learning
  4. Learned helplessness Correct answer.

Explanation

Learned helplessness occurs when repeated failure leads a learner to believe that effort cannot change outcomes, so the learner stops trying. The attribution of failure to a fixed personal deficiency is central to this pattern.

Question 11Child Development and Pedagogy

According to Chomsky's nativist account of language acquisition, what is the role of the language acquisition device?

  1. It is an innate capacity that enables children to acquire grammar from limited exposure Correct answer.
  2. It is a teaching method that drills grammatical structures in the classroom
  3. It is a set of learned habits formed through imitation and reinforcement
  4. It is the social environment that supplies vocabulary to the child

Explanation

Chomsky proposed an innate language faculty that allows children to extract grammatical rules from the limited and imperfect speech they hear, often called the poverty of the stimulus argument. This contrasts with behaviourist accounts that stress imitation and reinforcement.

Question 12Child Development and Pedagogy

A teacher wants to reduce a learner's habit of calling out answers without raising a hand. The teacher praises the learner whenever a hand is raised before speaking. Which behavioural technique is being used?

  1. Extinction through non-reinforcement of all behaviour
  2. Punishment by application
  3. Negative reinforcement by removing a task
  4. Reinforcement of an incompatible behaviour Correct answer.

Explanation

Reinforcing hand-raising strengthens a response that is incompatible with calling out, so the undesirable behaviour cannot occur at the same moment. This is differential reinforcement of an incompatible behaviour within operant conditioning.

Question 13Child Development and Pedagogy

Which of the following best describes the difference between a child's 'growth' and 'development' in educational psychology?

  1. Growth refers to measurable physical increase, while development refers to progressive changes in abilities and functioning Correct answer.
  2. Growth stops at adolescence while development is purely physical
  3. Growth and development are identical terms with no distinction
  4. Growth is qualitative and development is quantitative

Explanation

Growth usually denotes quantifiable physical increase such as height or weight, whereas development refers to broader, largely qualitative changes in cognitive, social, emotional and physical functioning over time. Development continues across the lifespan and is not reducible to physical measurement.

Question 14Child Development and Pedagogy

A test item asks learners to apply a formula they have memorised to a familiar worked example. According to Bloom's revised taxonomy, which cognitive process does this item mainly assess?

  1. Applying Correct answer.
  2. Remembering
  3. Creating
  4. Understanding

Explanation

Applying involves carrying out or using a procedure in a given situation, which matches using a memorised formula on a familiar example. Remembering would involve merely recalling the formula, while creating would require producing a new product or structure.

Question 15Child Development and Pedagogy

Which of the following best illustrates the principle of 'readiness' in learning?

  1. Forcing all learners to begin a topic on the same date regardless of preparation
  2. Testing learners before teaching to rank them publicly
  3. Teaching multiplication tables to a child who has not yet formed the concept of number
  4. Introducing a complex abstract topic only after the learner has the necessary prior concepts and maturity Correct answer.

Explanation

Readiness means that learning is effective when the learner has the requisite physical, cognitive and emotional preparation for the task. Instruction that outruns readiness tends to produce rote or frustrated learning.

Question 16Child Development and Pedagogy

A learner consistently performs poorly on tests but shows deep understanding in project work and oral discussion. Which assessment issue does this situation best illustrate?

  1. The learner has no understanding of the subject
  2. The test has high construct validity for all learners
  3. A single assessment mode may under-represent a learner's competence Correct answer.
  4. Project work should never be used for assessment

Explanation

When competence is evident in one mode but not in another, the assessment format itself may be limiting what is captured, which raises questions of validity and fairness. Using multiple modes of assessment gives a fuller picture of learning.

Question 17Child Development and Pedagogy

Which statement about individual differences in learning is most defensible from an educational psychology perspective?

  1. All learners of the same age learn at identical rates and in identical ways
  2. Differences in learning are entirely due to heredity and cannot be influenced by teaching
  3. Learners differ in pace, style preferences and prior knowledge, so flexible teaching is warranted Correct answer.
  4. Learners with slower pace should be permanently placed in lower-ability groups

Explanation

Educational psychology recognises wide variation in learners' prior knowledge, pace, interests and preferred ways of working, which supports differentiated and flexible instruction. Differences are influenced by both heredity and environment and are not fixed destinies.

Question 18Child Development and Pedagogy

In Erikson's psychosocial theory, which conflict is central to the primary school years (approximately 6 to 12 years)?

  1. Industry versus inferiority Correct answer.
  2. Autonomy versus shame and doubt
  3. Identity versus role confusion
  4. Trust versus mistrust

Explanation

During the school-age years, children seek to master skills valued by peers and adults, producing a sense of industry or, if repeated failure and criticism dominate, a sense of inferiority. Trust and autonomy belong to earlier stages, while identity becomes central in adolescence.

Question 19Child Development and Pedagogy

A teacher uses a token system in which learners earn points for completing assignments and exchange them for small privileges. Over time the teacher finds learners stop working when tokens are withdrawn. Which interpretation is most reasonable?

  1. The rewards may have undermined intrinsic motivation, an overjustification effect Correct answer.
  2. The tokens strengthened intrinsic interest in the subject itself
  3. The learners had no prior interest in any activity
  4. Token systems can never influence behaviour in classrooms

Explanation

When an activity that could be intrinsically interesting is repeatedly tied to external rewards, learners may reattribute their effort to the reward, reducing intrinsic motivation, an effect often called overjustification. The withdrawal of tokens then removes the only salient reason to work.

Question 20Child Development and Pedagogy

A test given in a class has a reliability coefficient of 0.40. What is the most appropriate interpretation for a teacher?

  1. Scores contain substantial measurement error, so results should be used cautiously Correct answer.
  2. The test measures the intended construct with high precision
  3. Reliability is irrelevant for classroom tests
  4. The test is perfectly valid but poorly normed

Explanation

Reliability concerns the consistency of scores; a coefficient of 0.40 indicates a large proportion of score variance is error, so individual scores are unstable. Such a test should not be used for high-stakes decisions without revision and corroborating evidence.

Question 21Child Development and Pedagogy

A learner can solve problems about fractions in the mathematics classroom but fails to use fractions while measuring ingredients in a cookery class. From the standpoint of transfer of learning, this is best described as:

  1. Positive transfer, because the skill is used in one setting
  2. Vertical transfer, because fractions build on counting
  3. Near transfer, because the two settings are very similar
  4. A failure of far transfer and near transfer across contexts Correct answer.

Explanation

Transfer refers to the application of learning in new contexts; using fractions in a different subject and setting requires bridging between contexts, and the failure shows that the skill remained tied to its original classroom setting. The lack of transfer between rather different contexts indicates that neither near nor far transfer occurred.

Question 22Child Development and Pedagogy

Which of the following best explains why a teacher should avoid labelling a child as a 'slow learner' based on a single low score?

  1. A single score has limited reliability and validity and may reflect situational factors rather than stable ability Correct answer.
  2. Labels always motivate learners to work harder
  3. Low scores are always caused by lack of effort
  4. Intelligence is entirely determined by heredity

Explanation

One measurement occasion is affected by error, test conditions, anxiety and content sampling, so it cannot support a stable ability label. Labels also risk self-fulfilling expectations and can restrict opportunity, which is why multiple sources of evidence are needed.

Question 23Child Development and Pedagogy

A teacher designs a task in which learners must compare two historical accounts of the same event, identify contradictions and justify which account is better supported. This task most strongly demands which level of cognitive processing?

  1. Rote memorisation of key terms
  2. Critical analysis and evaluation of evidence Correct answer.
  3. Reproduction of the textbook narrative
  4. Recall of chronological dates

Explanation

Comparing sources, detecting contradictions and justifying a judgement require evaluating evidence and constructing reasoned arguments, which sit at the higher end of Bloom's taxonomy. Lower-order tasks such as recalling dates or reproducing a narrative do not demand this evaluative reasoning.

Question 24Child Development and Pedagogy

A teacher wants to help learners with specific learning difficulties in a regular classroom. Which approach is most appropriate?

  1. Removing the learner from all group activities to avoid comparison
  2. Reducing the curriculum permanently to only the easiest topics
  3. Ignoring the difficulty and expecting the learner to catch up naturally
  4. Using multisensory, structured and explicit instruction with regular feedback Correct answer.

Explanation

For specific learning difficulties, structured, explicit and multisensory instruction with cumulative practice and frequent feedback has strong support and can be provided within the regular classroom. Ignoring the difficulty or permanently narrowing the curriculum denies the learner access and opportunity.

Question 25Child Development and Pedagogy

Which of the following best describes the role of a teacher as a 'facilitator' in a learner-centred classroom?

  1. The teacher transmits information and learners record it passively
  2. The teacher evaluates only final products and gives no feedback during learning
  3. The teacher designs experiences, asks probing questions and supports learners in constructing meaning Correct answer.
  4. The teacher refrains from any intervention so learners work entirely alone

Explanation

A facilitator organises rich learning experiences, poses questions that provoke thinking and provides support while learners actively construct understanding. This differs from transmission teaching and from non-intervention, since the teacher remains actively involved.

Question 26Child Development and Pedagogy

In Vygotsky's theory, a learner can solve a puzzle with the help of a more capable peer but cannot yet solve it alone. What does this gap between assisted and independent performance represent?

  1. The zone of proximal development Correct answer.
  2. The mechanism of classical conditioning
  3. The sensorimotor stage of development
  4. The stage of concrete operations

Explanation

Vygotsky defined the zone of proximal development as the distance between what a learner can do independently and what the learner can achieve with guidance or collaboration from a more knowledgeable other. It is precisely this assisted-but-not-yet-independent region that instruction should target. The concept is social-cognitive, not a Piagetian stage or a behaviourist conditioning process.

Question 27Child Development and Pedagogy

A teacher wants learners to remember the steps of a scientific procedure over a long period. Which strategy is best supported by research on memory?

  1. Highlighting the procedure in the textbook with a coloured pen
  2. Spacing short retrieval practice sessions across several weeks Correct answer.
  3. Cramming the steps the night before the examination
  4. Reading the procedure aloud once at the start of the term

Explanation

The spacing effect and the testing effect show that distributing retrieval practice over time produces stronger long-term retention than massed study. Recalling the steps repeatedly at spaced intervals strengthens memory traces and exposes gaps. Passive activities such as re-reading or highlighting create familiarity without durable recall.

Question 28Child Development and Pedagogy

A teacher wants to assess whether learners can design a workable plan to reduce water wastage in their school. Which assessment approach best matches this objective?

  1. A teacher's informal impression recorded after one class discussion
  2. A multiple-choice test on the definition of water conservation
  3. A performance task scored with a rubric on the feasibility and justification of the plan Correct answer.
  4. An oral spelling quiz on vocabulary related to water

Explanation

When the learning objective requires designing and justifying a plan, assessment must sample that actual performance. A rubric-scored performance task captures both the feasibility of the plan and the quality of reasoning, giving valid evidence of the intended outcome. Recall tests and unstructured impressions measure different constructs and cannot support strong inferences about planning ability.

Question 29Child Development and Pedagogy

In a class, a learner from a disadvantaged home background performs poorly on tasks that assume access to a computer and internet at home. Which interpretation is most defensible?

  1. The learner should be moved to a lower-ability group permanently
  2. The learner has low innate intelligence that cannot be improved
  3. The learner's performance reflects unequal access to resources rather than a deficit in ability Correct answer.
  4. The learner lacks motivation and needs stricter discipline

Explanation

Performance on school tasks is influenced by opportunity to learn and access to resources, not only by ability. When tasks presume home access to technology, low scores may reflect unequal conditions rather than a stable trait of the learner. The teacher's ethical response is to adjust assumptions and provide equitable support, avoiding premature labelling.

Question 30Child Development and Pedagogy

A teacher plans a lesson in which learners first explore a problem in mixed-ability pairs, then share findings, and finally receive explicit instruction on the concept they struggled with. Which rationale best justifies this sequence?

  1. Learners should never be given direct instruction before exploration
  2. Exploration is valuable only for gifted learners, while others need lectures
  3. Collaboration should replace the teacher's explanation entirely
  4. Productive struggle followed by timely guidance can build understanding while preventing prolonged confusion Correct answer.

Explanation

Allowing learners to grapple with a problem before instruction can activate prior knowledge and make them receptive to the explanation, but unstructured struggle that continues too long can entrench misconceptions. Following exploration with clear, timely instruction combines the benefits of active engagement and guided support. This reflects a balanced, evidence-informed approach rather than an either-or stance.

Question 31Hindi (Language I)

हिंदी भाषा में 'संधि' का शाब्दिक अर्थ क्या है?

  1. मेल या जोड़ Correct answer.
  2. विलोम
  3. वियोग
  4. विशेषण

Explanation

संधि शब्द का अर्थ है दो वर्णों का मेल। जब दो वर्ण परस्पर मिलकर एक नया रूप बनाते हैं तो उसे संधि कहते हैं, जैसे विद्या + आलय = विद्यालय।

Question 32Hindi (Language I)

'सूर्योदय' में कौन-सी संधि है?

  1. वृद्धि संधि
  2. गुण संधि Correct answer.
  3. यण संधि
  4. दीर्घ संधि

Explanation

सूर्य + उदय में अ + उ के स्थान पर ओ होता है। यह गुण संधि का नियम है, जिसमें अ/आ के बाद उ/ऊ आए तो ओ बनता है।

Question 33Hindi (Language I)

'निराशा' शब्द में कौन-सी उपसर्ग है?

  1. निर् Correct answer.
  2. नि
  3. निस्
  4. निरा

Explanation

निराशा = निर् + आशा। यहाँ 'निर्' उपसर्ग है जो अभाव का बोध कराता है। 'नि' और 'निस्' भिन्न उपसर्ग हैं।

Question 34Hindi (Language I)

'लिखावट' शब्द में कौन-सा प्रत्यय है?

  1. आव
  2. वट
  3. अट
  4. आवट Correct answer.

Explanation

लिखावट = लिख + आवट। 'आवट' प्रत्यय क्रिया से भाववाचक संज्ञा बनाता है, जैसे बनावट, सजावट।

Question 35Hindi (Language I)

'कमल' का पर्यायवाची शब्द नहीं है:

  1. नीरज
  2. सरोज
  3. पंकज
  4. सलिल Correct answer.

Explanation

पंकज, नीरज और सरोज सभी कमल के पर्यायवाची हैं। 'सलिल' का अर्थ जल होता है, कमल नहीं।

Question 36Hindi (Language I)

'अंधकार' का विलोम शब्द क्या है?

  1. प्रकाश Correct answer.
  2. तिमिर
  3. रात
  4. छाया

Explanation

अंधकार का विलोम प्रकाश है क्योंकि दोनों विपरीत अवस्थाएँ दर्शाते हैं। रात, छाया और तिमिर समानार्थी भाव के शब्द हैं।

Question 37Hindi (Language I)

'जो सब कुछ जानता है' के लिए एक शब्द है:

  1. विज्ञ
  2. बहुज्ञ
  3. सर्वज्ञ Correct answer.
  4. अल्पज्ञ

Explanation

सर्वज्ञ का अर्थ है सब कुछ जानने वाला। अल्पज्ञ थोड़ा जानने वाला और बहुज्ञ बहुत जानने वाला होता है, पर सर्वज्ञ सर्वज्ञानी के लिए प्रयुक्त होता है।

Question 38Hindi (Language I)

'राम ने रावण को मारा' वाक्य में कर्म कौन है?

  1. रावण Correct answer.
  2. मारा
  3. राम
  4. ने

Explanation

क्रिया 'मारा' का फल जिस पर पड़ता है वह कर्म है। यहाँ रावण पर मारने की क्रिया का प्रभाव पड़ा, अतः रावण कर्म है।

Question 39Hindi (Language I)

'मोहन पत्र लिखता है' वाक्य में क्रिया किस प्रकार की है?

  1. संयुक्त
  2. प्रेरणार्थक
  3. सकर्मक Correct answer.
  4. अकर्मक

Explanation

जिस क्रिया का कर्म हो वह सकर्मक क्रिया है। यहाँ 'पत्र' कर्म है और 'लिखता है' क्रिया उस पर आधारित है, अतः यह सकर्मक है।

Question 40Hindi (Language I)

'वह खाता है' वाक्य में 'वह' कौन-सा सर्वनाम है?

  1. अनिश्चयवाचक
  2. निश्चयवाचक Correct answer.
  3. प्रश्नवाचक
  4. संबंधवाचक

Explanation

'वह' किसी निश्चित व्यक्ति की ओर संकेत करता है, इसलिए यह निश्चयवाचक सर्वनाम है। अनिश्चयवाचक 'कोई' और प्रश्नवाचक 'कौन' होते हैं।

Question 41Hindi (Language I)

'सुंदर लड़की' में विशेषण कौन है?

  1. लड़की
  2. कोई नहीं
  3. दोनों
  4. सुंदर Correct answer.

Explanation

जो शब्द संज्ञा की विशेषता बताता है वह विशेषण है। 'सुंदर' लड़की की विशेषता बता रहा है, अतः यह विशेषण है।

Question 42Hindi (Language I)

'काली घटा घहराई' में 'काली' किस प्रकार का विशेषण है?

  1. सार्वनामिक
  2. गुणवाचक Correct answer.
  3. परिमाणवाचक
  4. संख्यावाचक

Explanation

गुणवाचक विशेषण संज्ञा का गुण, रंग, आकार या स्वभाव बताता है। 'काली' घटा का रंग बता रहा है, अतः यह गुणवाचक है।

Question 43Hindi (Language I)

'मैंने उसे कल देखा था' में क्रिया का काल क्या है?

  1. सामान्य भूत
  2. पूर्ण भूत Correct answer.
  3. अपूर्ण भूत
  4. संदिग्ध वर्तमान

Explanation

'देखा था' पूर्ण भूतकाल है, जो बताता है कि कार्य भूतकाल में पूरा हो चुका था। सामान्य भूत में केवल 'देखा' आता।

Question 44Hindi (Language I)

हिंदी में वाक्य के मुख्य अंग कितने माने जाते हैं?

  1. चार
  2. तीन Correct answer.
  3. पाँच
  4. दो

Explanation

हिंदी वाक्य के तीन मुख्य अंग हैं-उद्देश्य, विधेय और क्रिया या पूरक। उद्देश्य वह है जिसके बारे में कहा जाए और विधेय वह जो कहा जाए।

Question 45Hindi (Language I)

'जैसे ही वर्षा हुई, वैसे ही मोर नाचने लगे' यह वाक्य किस प्रकार का है?

  1. सरल वाक्य
  2. मिश्र वाक्य Correct answer.
  3. संयुक्त वाक्य
  4. आज्ञार्थक वाक्य

Explanation

मिश्र वाक्य में एक मुख्य उपवाक्य और एक या अधिक आश्रित उपवाक्य होते हैं। यहाँ 'जैसे ही वर्षा हुई' आश्रित उपवाक्य है और 'मोर नाचने लगे' मुख्य उपवाक्य।

Question 46Hindi (Language I)

'रहिमन पानी राखिए, बिनु पानी सब सून' में 'पानी' शब्द किस अर्थ में प्रयुक्त हुआ है?

  1. केवल जल
  2. मात्र जल
  3. जल, मान और प्रतिष्ठा Correct answer.
  4. वर्षा

Explanation

रहीम की इस साखी में 'पानी' का प्रयोग श्लेष के कारण जल, मान और प्रतिष्ठा-तीन अर्थों में हुआ है। इसी बहुअर्थी प्रयोग से काव्य-सौंदर्य बढ़ता है।

Question 47Hindi (Language I)

'चरण-कमल बंदौं हरिराई' में कौन-सा अलंकार है?

  1. अनुप्रास
  2. रूपक Correct answer.
  3. उपमा
  4. उत्प्रेक्षा

Explanation

रूपक में उपमेय और उपमान में अभेद आरोपित किया जाता है। यहाँ चरणों को सीधे कमल कहा गया है, 'जैसे' या 'सा' का प्रयोग नहीं हुआ।

Question 48Hindi (Language I)

'अनुप्रास' अलंकार की पहचान किस पर आधारित है?

  1. विरोधाभास
  2. अतिशयोक्ति
  3. वस्तु का आरोप
  4. एक ही वर्ण की आवृत्ति Correct answer.

Explanation

अनुप्रास अलंकार में एक ही वर्ण या व्यंजन की आवृत्ति से ध्वनि-सौंदर्य उत्पन्न होता है। जैसे 'चारु चंद्र चकोर चंचल' में 'च' की आवृत्ति है।

Question 49Hindi (Language I)

'कबीर' किस काल के कवि माने जाते हैं?

  1. आदिकाल
  2. रीतिकाल
  3. भक्तिकाल Correct answer.
  4. आधुनिक काल

Explanation

कबीर भक्तिकाल की निर्गुण ज्ञानाश्रयी शाखा के प्रमुख कवि हैं। उनकी वाणी में साखी, सबद और रमैनी के रूप में दार्शनिक और सामाजिक चेतना मिलती है।

Question 50Hindi (Language I)

'सूरदास' की रचनाओं में मुख्य रूप से किस भक्ति भाव की प्रधानता है?

  1. माधुर्य भाव
  2. शांत भाव
  3. वात्सल्य भाव Correct answer.
  4. दास्य भाव

Explanation

सूरदास कृष्ण के बाल-रूप के वर्णन में वात्सल्य भाव के प्रमुख कवि हैं। उनके काव्य में बालकृष्ण के प्रति माता यशोदा का स्नेह प्रमुखता से चित्रित होता है।