Karnataka Bank PO cheat sheet

Syllogism: a conclusion follows only if it is true in every Venn diagram consistent with the premises; "some A are B" plus "no B are C" yields no valid A–C conclusion.

Blood relations: draw a family tree with gender marks (+ male, − female) and generation rows; never assume gender from a name or profession.

Direction sense: use a coordinate grid; final displacement = √(Σx² + Σy²), and facing turns rotate clockwise for right, anticlockwise for left.

Coding-decoding: compare letter positions (A=1 … Z=26); check +1/−1 shifts, reversals (A↔Z), and alternating-shift patterns before assuming a random cipher.

Seating arrangement: fix the single most constrained person first; for circular arrangements of n people, distinct arrangements = (n−1)! and mirror-image pairs = (n−1)!/2.

Inequality chains: A > B ≥ C means A > C but says nothing about B vs C beyond B ≥ C; only combine symbols pointing the same way.

Series completion: test differences, then ratios, then squares/cubes, then alternating sub-series (odd positions and even positions separately).

Input-output and machine problems: track only the changed positions per step; the transformation usually moves one element to a fixed end each step.

Percentage change: successive changes of a% and b% give net change = a + b + ab/100; a 20% rise then 20% fall leaves a 4% net decrease.

Simple vs compound interest: SI = PRT/100; CI amount = P(1 + R/100)^T; for 2 years the CI − SI gap equals P(R/100)².

Profit and loss: profit% is computed on cost price unless stated; selling price = CP × (100 + profit%)/100, and two items sold at equal price with +x% and −x% always give a net loss of x²/100 %.

Time-speed-distance: convert km/h to m/s by ×5/18; a train of length L crossing a platform of length P at speed v takes (L + P)/v seconds.

Boats and streams: downstream speed = b + s, upstream = b − s, so boat speed = (down + up)/2 and stream speed = (down − up)/2.

Time and work: if A does a job in x days and B in y days, together they take xy/(x + y) days; use LCM of days as total work units to avoid fractions.

Averages: new average after adding a value v to n items = (n·old average + v)/(n + 1); if every item rises by k, the average rises by k.

Permutation and combination: arrangements of n distinct objects = n!; selections of r from n = nCr = n!/[r!(n−r)!]; nPr counts ordered picks.

Mensuration: cylinder volume = πr²h, sphere = 4/3πr³, cone = 1/3πr²h; circle area = πr², circumference = 2πr.

Subject-verb agreement: "one of the + plural noun" takes a singular verb; "each, every, either, neither" are singular; "none" follows the nearer noun's sense.

Articles: "a" before consonant sounds, "an" before vowel sounds (an hour, a university); "the" with superlatives, unique entities, and rivers/ranges.

Prepositions of time: in (months, years, seasons), on (days, dates), at (clock times, night, noon); "since" marks a point, "for" a duration.

Tenses: "since/for" with a present result requires present perfect or present perfect continuous, not simple past or simple present.

Error spotting: check the underlined segment against parallelism, comparison completeness (than/as), and pronoun-antecedent agreement before choosing.

Reading comprehension: answers must be supported by the passage text; options that are true in general but absent from the passage are distractors.

Cloze test: read the whole sentence for the logical connector (although, because, therefore) before filling the blank with a synonym-based guess.

Para jumbles: openers usually introduce a noun without pronouns; link sentences by pronoun reference, conjunctions, and chronological or cause-effect order.

RBI was established on 1 April 1935 under the RBI Act, 1934; it was nationalised in 1949 and its headquarters is in Mumbai.

Monetary policy is set by the six-member Monetary Policy Committee (MPC), which has a statutory inflation target of 4% CPI with a ±2% tolerance band.

CRR is the share of net demand and time liabilities kept with RBI and earns no interest; SLR is held in approved securities and earns interest.

Bank rate is the rate at which RBI lends long-term without collateral; repo is short-term lending against securities, reverse repo absorbs liquidity.

Priority sector lending target is 40% of adjusted net bank credit for domestic commercial banks, with sub-targets for agriculture, MSME, and weaker sections.

Deposit insurance covers up to ₹5 lakh per depositor per bank under DICGC, covering both principal and interest.

NEFT settles in batches, RTGS is for high-value real-time settlement (minimum ₹2 lakh), and UPI is operated by NPCI.

Basel III norms set minimum capital adequacy: Common Equity Tier 1 of 4.5%, Tier 1 of 6%, and total capital of 8% of risk-weighted assets.

Karnataka Bank is a private-sector bank headquartered in Mangaluru, Karnataka, founded in 1924, and it is an old private sector bank, not a public sector bank.