KARTET Paper 1 flashcards
KARTET Paper 1 · Build recall with a focused review session.
32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Piaget's concrete operational stage
- Ages 7–11; children gain conservation, reversibility, and classification skills but still struggle with abstract hypothetical reasoning.
- Zone of Proximal Development
- Vygotsky's term for the gap between what a learner can do alone and what they can do with guidance from a more capable person.
- Scaffolding
- Temporary support provided by a teacher or peer within the ZPD, gradually removed as the learner gains competence.
- Operant conditioning
- Skinner's learning theory where behavior is strengthened or weakened by consequences such as reinforcement or punishment.
- Inclusive education
- An approach where students with diverse needs learn in mainstream classrooms with adapted curriculum, support, and accommodations.
- Formative assessment
- Ongoing assessment during instruction used to provide feedback and adjust teaching, rather than to assign final grades.
- Kohlberg's conventional level
- Moral reasoning based on social approval and law maintenance; includes good boy/girl and law-and-order orientations.
- Dyscalculia
- A specific learning disability affecting number sense, arithmetic facts, and mathematical problem-solving despite normal intelligence.
- Kannada vowel signs
- Matras attached to consonants to indicate vowel sounds; for example, ಕ + ಾ = ಕಾ; absence of vowel is marked with halant (್).
- Kannada sandhi
- The phonological combination of sounds at word boundaries, such as swara sandhi (vowel + vowel) and vyanjana sandhi.
- Kannada samasa
- Compound word formation; major types include tatpurusha, dwandwa, bahuvrihi, and dwigu, each with distinct semantic relationships.
- Kannada tense forms
- Bhoota kaala (past), vartamana kaala (present), and bhavishya kaala (future); verb endings vary by person, number, and gender.
- Kannada prosody
- Poetic meters like kandapadi and shatpadi, characterized by matra counts, prasa (alliteration), and yati (caesura).
- Kannada alphabet count
- Thirteen vowels (swaragalu), thirty-four consonants (vyanjanagalu), and two yogavaahakas, totaling forty-nine letters.
- Direct to indirect speech
- Conversion of quoted speech to reported speech, involving pronoun changes, tense backshift, and adjustments to time and place words.
- Active vs passive voice
- Active: subject performs action. Passive: object becomes subject and past participle follows a form of 'be'.
- Conditional sentences
- Four types: zero (general truth), first (real future), second (unreal present), third (unreal past) with distinct verb patterns.
- Articles in English
- Definite 'the' for specific nouns; indefinite 'a' before consonant sounds and 'an' before vowel sounds; zero article for general plurals.
- Prepositions of time
- 'In' for months/years, 'on' for days/dates, 'at' for precise times; 'since' for a point, 'for' for duration.
- Inferential reading
- Reading skill of drawing conclusions not explicitly stated, using clues from the text and prior knowledge.
- Area of a triangle
- Calculated as half the product of base and height: A = ½ × base × height.
- Simple interest formula
- SI = (Principal × Rate × Time) / 100; total amount A = P + SI.
- Profit percentage
- Profit % = [(Selling Price − Cost Price) / Cost Price] × 100, expressed as a percentage of cost price.
- Place value
- The value of a digit determined by its position in a number; e.g., in 4,582, the 5 represents 5 × 100 = 500.
- Mean, median, mode
- Mean = sum ÷ count; median = middle ordered value; mode = most frequent value in a data set.
- Circle formulas
- Circumference C = 2πr; area A = πr², where r is the radius and π ≈ 22/7 or 3.14.
- Divisibility rules
- A number is divisible by 2 if even, by 3 if digit sum divisible by 3, by 5 if ends in 0 or 5, by 9 if digit sum divisible by 9.
- Food chain
- A linear sequence of organisms where each is eaten by the next: producer → primary consumer → secondary consumer → decomposer.
- Photosynthesis
- Process in chloroplasts using sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to produce glucose and oxygen.
- Water cycle
- Continuous movement of water through evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and collection, with transpiration from plants.
- Renewable resources
- Natural resources that can be replenished naturally, such as solar, wind, water, and biomass; contrast with non-renewable fossil fuels.
- Adaptations of camel
- Hump stores fat for energy, thick fur insulates, and kidneys concentrate urine to conserve water in arid habitats.