Karnataka KSEAB II PUC Electronics and Hardware (Vocational) case studies
Karnataka KSEAB II PUC Electronics and Hardware (Vocational) · Put your knowledge to work in context.
The Karnataka KSEAB II PUC Electronics and Hardware (Vocational) is a two-year pre-university vocational subject offered by the Karnataka School Examination and Assessment Board. It suits students who want a practical, hands-on introduction to electronics alongside their regular II PUC subjects, and it is often taken by candidates aiming for technician roles, diploma pathways, or further study in electronics and embedded systems. The Karnataka KSEAB II PUC Electronics and Hardware (Vocational) case studies are 5 cases and about 2,981 words.
1The Divider That Read 3.1 V Instead of 3.82 V
During a school project, a student builds a 12 V lead-acid battery monitor. R1 = 100 kΩ from the battery positive to the ADC node and R2 = 47 kΩ from the node to ground, giving a calculated 3.84 V at 12.0 V.
728 words, about 4 min2Bridge Rectifier With a Missing Diode
A technician repairs a 9 V, 500 mA regulated power supply built from a 12 V RMS transformer, a four-diode bridge, a 1000 µF reservoir capacitor, and a 7809 regulator. The output is only 6.8 V average with about 3 V peak-to-peak ripple, and the ripple frequency is 50 Hz.
591 words, about 3 min3Relay Driver That Works on the Bench but Chatters in the Cabinet
A student uses a 3.3 V microcontroller GPIO to drive a 12 V relay through a 2N2222A. The relay coil measures 400 Ω, so it needs about 30 mA at 12 V.
505 words, about 3 min4NAND Alarm That Triggers on Hum
A practical exam asks students to build a burglar alarm on a breadboard using a 74LS00 quad NAND gate, a 5 V supply, a reed switch, a pushbutton, an LED, and a small piezo buzzer. The reed switch connects input A to ground when the magnet is present and is otherwise open, with a 10 kΩ pull-up to +5 V.
564 words, about 3 min5LM35 Reading Jumps 7 °C When the Heater Relay Clicks
A team builds a greenhouse temperature logger with an LM35 sensor, a 10-bit ADC, and a 5.0 V reference. The LM35 output is 10 mV/°C and is connected to the ADC through 1 m of unshielded cable.
593 words, about 3 min