KSEAB SSLC TL Arabic flashcards
KSEAB SSLC TL Arabic · Build recall with a focused review session.
35 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Nazm and Nasr
- Arabic terms for poetry (نظم, literally 'stringing together') and prose (نثر, 'scattering'). SSLC prose lessons are nasr; poems in the reader are nazm.
- الفكرة الرئيسية
- The main idea of a passage. Stated usually in the first or last sentence; every detail question should be answerable by referring back to it.
- المغزى
- The moral or underlying message of a story. Answered with an abstract noun plus textual evidence, for example الصدق or التعاون.
- حقيقة ورأي
- Fact versus opinion. A fact can be verified in the text; an opinion expresses the writer's judgement and often contains evaluative words like جميل, أفضل, ينبغي.
- بيت ، صدر ، عجز
- A verse of Arabic poetry is a بيت, split into a first hemistich (صدر) and a second hemistich (عجز). A full poem is a قصيدة.
- القافية والروي
- القافية is the rhyme; الروي is the rhyme consonant on which the whole poem ends. Identifying the روي answers 'what is the rhyme letter?'
- تشبيه
- Simile with four parts: مشبه, مشبه به, أداة (كـ، مثل، كأن), وجه الشبه. Removing the particle turns it into a استعارة (metaphor).
- طباق وجناس
- طباق is antithesis, pairing opposites such as الليل/النهار. جناس is paronomasia, pairing words similar in sound but different in meaning.
- أغراض الشعر
- Poetic purposes: مدح (praise), رثاء (elegy), غزل (love), وصف (description), حكمة (wisdom), فخر (boasting). Identify the purpose before explaining a verse.
- شرح البيت
- Explaining a verse in three steps: literal meaning, the image used, and the poet's feeling or message. Keep the poetic word and give its prose equivalent.
- اسم وفعل وحرف
- The three Arabic word classes: noun, verb and particle. Every word in a sentence belongs to exactly one of them.
- جملة اسمية
- A nominal sentence beginning with a noun. Its subject is مبتدأ (marfu') and its predicate is خبر (also marfu'). Example: الطالبُ مجتهدٌ.
- جملة فعلية
- A verbal sentence beginning with a verb. The doer is فاعل (marfu') and the object is مفعول به (mansub). Example: كتبَ الطالبُ الدرسَ.
- كان وأخواتها
- كان and its sisters (أصبح، ظل، بات، صار، ليس) keep the subject raf' but make the predicate mansub: كان الجوُّ باردًا.
- إنّ وأخواتها
- إنّ، أنّ، كأنّ، لكنّ، ليت، لعلّ make the subject mansub and keep the predicate marfu': إنّ العلمَ نورٌ.
- علامات الإعراب
- Case markers: raf' = ـُ/ـٌ, nasb = ـَ/ـً, jarr = ـِ/ـٍ. Sound masculine plural uses ونَ for raf' and ينَ for nasb and jarr.
- الأفعال الناسخة
- Abrogating verbs that change the case of the nominal sentence's parts. كان-family affects the خبر; إنّ-family affects the اسم.
- أوزان الفعل
- Verb patterns: فاعل = doer, مفعول = object, فعّال = intensive, استفعل = seeking, انفعل = becoming. Recognising the pattern often gives the meaning.
- جمع التكسير
- Broken plural, formed by internal vowel change rather than a suffix: كتاب ← كتب, قلم ← أقلام, طالب ← طلاب. Must be memorised by pattern.
- الجذر
- The three-letter root carrying the core meaning. Words sharing a root form a family: ك-ت-ب gives كتاب، كاتب، مكتبة، مكتوب.
- الأضداد
- Antonyms, commonly tested in pairs: كبير/صغير، طويل/قصير، نجح/رسب، فتح/غلق، بدأ/انتهى.
- المتلازمات اللفظية
- Fixed verb–preposition collocations: ذهب إلى, سافر إلى, عاد من, اهتمّ بـ, اعتمد على, بحث عن. The wrong preposition is a common error.
- التعريف والتنكير
- Definiteness. ال marks a definite noun (الكتاب = the book); a bare indefinite noun takes tanwin and means 'a book'.
- المشترك اللفظي
- Homographs whose meaning depends on context: عين = eye, spring, or spy; خلق = creation or character.
- ترجمة الجملة الاسمية
- Arabic nominal sentences have no copula in the present. Supply 'is' in English: الطالب مجتهد = the student is diligent.
- الإضافة في الترجمة
- The possessive construction. Translate as 'X of Y' or 'Y's X': كتاب الطالب = the student's book. The first noun takes no ال or tanwin.
- المبني للمجهول
- The passive voice, formed by internal vowel change: كَتَبَ becomes كُتِبَ. Translate as 'was written', not 'he wrote'.
- ترجمة الأمثال
- Idioms are translated by sense, not word for word: يده طويلة means 'he is influential', not 'his hand is long'.
- الرسالة الرسمية
- Formal letter structure: التحية, المرسل إليه, الموضوع, المقدمة, المضمون, الخاتمة, then name and date. Close with وتفضلوا بقبول فائق الاحترام.
- بنية المقالة
- Essay structure: مقدمة (2–3 sentences) then عرض (2–3 paragraphs, one idea each) then خاتمة summarising and giving an opinion.
- روابط المقالة
- Essay connectors: أولًا, ثانيًا, بالإضافة إلى ذلك, علاوة على ذلك, في الختام, ومن ثمّ. They mark the sequence of arguments.
- كتابة الحوار
- Dialogue format: speaker name or dash, a greeting, at least four exchanges, and a closing formula. Use قال، سأل، أجاب، ردّ.
- عنوان النص
- A suitable title for an unseen passage: 2–4 words capturing the topic, not a full sentence. Usually derivable from the first sentence.
- مرجع الضمير
- What a pronoun refers to. Trace back to the nearest preceding noun matching it in gender and number.
- أدوات الكمية
- Quantifiers such as كل (all), بعض (some), دائمًا (always), أبدًا (never). True/false items often turn on one changed quantifier.