India Learner's Licence Test (LLR) flashcards
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31 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.
- Stop sign shape
- An octagon with a red background and white 'STOP' text. It requires a complete halt at the stop line and giving way to all intersecting traffic before moving.
- Give Way sign
- An inverted triangle with a red border. It requires slowing down and yielding to traffic on the priority road, stopping only if necessary; it never grants right of way.
- Mandatory sign colour
- Blue circular signs with white symbols give compulsory instructions such as keep left, compulsory turn, minimum speed, or vehicle-type restrictions. Disobeying them is an offence.
- Warning sign shape
- An upward-pointing equilateral triangle with a red border and black symbol on white or yellow background warns of a hazard ahead, such as a bend, school, or narrowing road.
- Solid white centre line
- A continuous white line down the centre of the road means no crossing and no overtaking. A broken white line permits lane changes and overtaking when safe.
- Amber traffic light
- A steady amber light means stop, unless stopping is unsafe because you are too close to the stop line. Flashing amber means proceed with caution.
- Zebra crossing rule
- Pedestrians on a zebra crossing have absolute priority. Drivers must stop before the crossing and let them cross fully, and must not park on it.
- Police hand signal: stop
- A traffic policeman raising an arm with palm facing you means stop for traffic approaching from your direction. Police signals override lights and signs.
- Keep left rule
- India drives on the left. Normal travel uses the left lane, and the right lane is used only for overtaking or before turning right.
- Overtaking side
- Overtaking must normally be done from the right. Overtaking on the left is allowed only if the vehicle ahead is signalling a right turn.
- Right of way at junction
- At an uncontrolled intersection, traffic approaching from the right has priority, and a vehicle turning right must give way to oncoming traffic going straight or turning left.
- Emergency vehicle priority
- Ambulance, fire and police vehicles on duty with siren or beacon must be given clear passage. Other traffic pulls to the left and stops if needed.
- Parking near junction
- Parking is prohibited within 5 metres of a road junction, on a footpath, on a zebra crossing, near a bus stop, and on the wrong side of a two-way road.
- Speed limit principle
- Posted limits set the maximum for a road and vehicle type, but the driver must slow further for rain, fog, night, or heavy traffic to stay safe.
- Two-second rule
- Keep at least a two-second gap behind the vehicle ahead in good conditions. Double it to four seconds in rain, fog, night, or behind heavy vehicles.
- Stopping distance formula
- Stopping distance equals thinking distance plus braking distance. Braking distance rises roughly with the square of speed, so doubling speed roughly quadruples it.
- Driving in fog
- Use low beam or fog lamps, never high beam, because high beam reflects off fog and reduces visibility. Slow down and increase following distance.
- Correcting a skid
- Ease off the accelerator and steer gently where you want the front of the vehicle to go. Do not brake hard or make sudden steering inputs during a skid.
- Hydroplaning response
- When water lifts the tyres off the road, ease off the accelerator and avoid sudden braking or steering until speed drops and grip returns.
- Night driving headlights
- Dip headlights to low beam when an oncoming vehicle approaches or when following another vehicle closely, so you do not dazzle other drivers.
- Lane change sequence
- Check mirrors, signal in good time, check the blind spot over your shoulder, then move. A signal does not give you priority over other traffic.
- Downhill versus uphill
- On a narrow hill, the vehicle going downhill gives way to the vehicle going uphill. When stopped on a slope, apply the parking brake.
- Learner licence validity
- A learner's licence is issued after passing a test on signs, rules and safe driving, and is valid for 6 months from the date of issue.
- Learner L plate rule
- A red 'L' plate must be displayed at the front and rear of the vehicle whenever a learner drives, and the learner must not carry other passengers.
- Accompanying driver rule
- A learner must be accompanied by a person holding a valid licence for the same class of vehicle, seated beside the learner and able to control the vehicle.
- Permanent licence waiting period
- A permanent driving licence can be applied for after holding the learner's licence for at least 30 days, and requires passing a practical driving test at the RTO.
- Minimum age for car licence
- The minimum age for a car learner's licence is 18 years. For a motorcycle under 50 cc it is 16 years, with consent of a parent or guardian.
- RC validity period
- The certificate of registration is valid for 15 years from first registration and must be renewed thereafter. Changes of address or ownership must be reported to the RTO.
- Compulsory documents
- Carry the driving licence, registration certificate, valid insurance, and PUC certificate. Transport vehicles also need a fitness certificate and permit.
- Clutch pedal function
- The clutch pedal disengages the engine from the gearbox so gears can be changed smoothly. It is operated with the left foot in a manual car.
- Mandatory third-party insurance
- Third-party insurance is compulsory for every motor vehicle. Driving without valid insurance is an offence and the vehicle may be seized.