Maharashtra HSC Political Science study plan

Outline the making of the Indian Constitution and list at least twelve features (written constitution, parliamentary sovereignty vs. constitutional supremacy, federalism with a strong centre, secularism, single citizenship, independent judiciary, universal adult franchise, emergency provisions, amendment procedures under Article 368) with one example each

Compare the three amendment routes (simple majority, special majority, special majority plus state ratification) and classify ten hypothetical amendment scenarios into the correct route

Diagram the Union executive: President, Vice-President, Prime Minister, Council of Ministers, Attorney General, and explain the President's discretionary powers and the binding force of ministerial advice under Articles 74 and 75

Explain the relationship between the President and the Council of Ministers using the 42nd and 44th Amendment changes, and state why the President is called a nominal executive

Build a one-page comparative table of the Indian federal model against the US and Canadian models on division of powers, residuary powers and appointment of governors

Trace the law-making procedure for an ordinary bill and a money bill, identifying where the Rajya Sabha can and cannot delay or amend

Explain the composition and powers of the Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha, and describe the Speaker's role, the anti-defection law under the Tenth Schedule, and the no-confidence motion

Distinguish the three tiers of the judiciary and describe the Supreme Court's original, appellate, advisory and writ jurisdiction, plus the meaning of judicial review and judicial activism

Classify the six Fundamental Rights article by article, and match each writ (habeas corpus, mandamus, prohibition, certiorari, quo warranto) to a situation where it applies

Explain the relationship between Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles, including the basic structure doctrine and key constitutional amendment milestones

Enumerate the eleven Fundamental Duties and explain their legal status and the role of the courts in enforcing them

Group the Directive Principles into socialist, Gandhian and liberal-intellectual categories, and explain why they are non-justiciable yet fundamental in governance

Analyse how reservation policy, the creamy-layer concept, and constitutional bodies such as the NCSC, NCST and NCBC address social justice

Evaluate two current challenges to nation-building (communalism, regionalism, caste politics, linguistic disputes, Naxalism) and propose a democratic remedy for each

Explain the tension between liberty and social order using at least two constitutional provisions and one contemporary example

Map the state executive and legislature: Governor's powers and discretion, Chief Minister's role, and the state legislature's composition and procedures

Describe the three-tier Panchayati Raj structure, the 73rd and 74th Amendments, the Eleventh and Twelfth Schedules, and the role of the State Election Commission and Finance Commission

Explain the centre-state relationship across legislative, administrative and financial dimensions, including the role of the Inter-State Council and the Governor's report under Article 356

Define good governance, list its eight attributes, and connect it to the Right to Information Act, citizen's charters, e-governance and the Lokpal framework

Distinguish the roles of the UPSC, State PSC, Finance Commission, CAG and NITI Aayog in the administrative system

Explain the Election Commission's powers, the model code of conduct, the difference between first-past-the-post and proportional representation, and the process for recognition of national and state parties

Analyse the role of political parties, coalitions, and pressure groups in Indian democracy, and distinguish pressure groups from political parties with three examples each

Outline India's foreign policy objectives and the principles of Panchsheel, non-alignment and strategic autonomy, and explain how these have evolved since 1991

Describe India's relations with key partners and groupings: the United States, Russia, China, the European Union, SAARC, BRICS, the Quad and the United Nations, including India's claim to a permanent Security Council seat

Evaluate one current foreign-policy issue (border dispute, trade negotiation, or diaspora engagement) and argue a position using at least three national-interest criteria

Define globalisation and analyse its economic, cultural and political dimensions, with at least two benefits and two costs for India

Explain the institutional architecture of environmental governance: the Environment Protection Act, the National Green Tribunal, the Pollution Control Boards, and India's climate commitments under the Paris Agreement

Classify human rights into civil, political, economic, social and cultural categories, and trace their protection through the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the NHRC and constitutional remedies

Connect at least three Sustainable Development Goals to specific Indian policies and identify the governance challenge each faces

Debate one globalisation-versus-environment trade-off (for example, industrial growth against air quality) and propose a balanced policy response

Synthesise globalisation, environment and human rights into a single analytical framework that shows how economic policy affects rights and ecological outcomes

Explain the concept of sustainable development and apply it to two Indian case studies such as renewable energy expansion and river-cleaning programmes

Analyse the role of civil society, social media and the judiciary in protecting human rights, and identify two risks of each

Connect social-justice themes from domain 9 (inequality, gender, disability, minority rights) to globalisation and environmental policy

Draft a 250-word answer to an unseen 8-mark question in under 12 minutes, then self-mark it against a rubric of accuracy, structure and use of examples

Revise all nine domains using the mind maps, tables and briefs produced in weeks 1 to 7, marking any gap with a red flag

Complete two full-length mock papers under timed conditions and score above 70 percent on each

Re-teach the three weakest topics aloud or in writing without notes, to confirm genuine recall rather than recognition

Memorise a compact list of key articles, amendments, cases and institutions, and test recall with a 30-item flashcard drill

Finalise an exam-day strategy covering question order, time allocation per mark and how to structure answers with definition, explanation and example