Maharashtra SSC Physical Education and Sports Pre-Voc/NSQF flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Body Mass Index

A ratio of body mass in kilograms to the square of height in metres, used as a screening measure of body composition; 18.5 to 24.9 is normal for adults.

Cardiorespiratory endurance

The ability of the heart, lungs, and blood vessels to supply oxygen to working muscles during sustained activity, measured by tests such as the 1.6 km run.

Progressive overload

The training principle that the body adapts only when the workload is gradually increased beyond its current capacity, through more frequency, intensity, time, or type.

Invasion games

Team games in which the aim is to invade the opponent's territory and score, such as football, hockey, basketball, and kabaddi.

Locomotor skills

Fundamental movement skills that move the body from one place to another, including walking, running, jumping, hopping, skipping, and leaping.

Shooting circle in hockey

The D-shaped area in front of each goal; a goal counts only when the ball is struck by an attacker from inside this circle.

Knockout tournament matches

In a single-elimination tournament with N teams, the number of matches is N minus 1, because each match eliminates exactly one team.

Bye in a tournament

A team's automatic advance to the next round without playing, given when the number of teams is not a power of two; byes equal the next power of two minus N.

Round-robin tournament

A format in which every team plays every other team; with N teams, the total number of matches is N times N minus 1, divided by 2.

24-second rule

The basketball rule requiring a team to attempt a shot at the basket within 24 seconds of gaining possession, or possession is lost.

Communicable diseases

Diseases that spread from person to person through air, water, food, vectors, or direct contact, such as tuberculosis, cholera, and measles.

Balanced diet proportions

A daily diet supplying roughly 50 to 60 percent energy from carbohydrates, 12 to 15 percent from protein, and 20 to 30 percent from fat.

Night blindness

Inability to see well in dim light, caused by deficiency of vitamin A, which is needed to make the visual pigment rhodopsin.

RICE treatment

First aid for soft-tissue injury: Rest, Ice for 15 to 20 minutes, Compression, and Elevation, avoiding heat and massage for the first 48 hours.

Adult CPR ratio

Thirty chest compressions at 100 to 120 per minute and 5 to 6 cm deep, followed by two rescue breaths, repeated in cycles.

Sprain versus strain

A sprain is an injury to a ligament at a joint, while a strain is an injury to a muscle or tendon caused by overstretching or overuse.

Ashtanga Yoga eight limbs

Patanjali's eight limbs: yama, niyama, asana, pranayama, pratyahara, dharana, dhyana, and samadhi, progressing from ethical conduct to complete meditation.

Surya Namaskar

A sequence of twelve linked yoga positions performed as a flowing routine that exercises major joints and muscles and stimulates the cardiorespiratory system.

FITT principle

A framework for designing fitness programmes using four variables: Frequency of sessions, Intensity of work, Time or duration, and Type of activity.

Anulom-vilom pranayama

Alternate-nostril breathing in which inhalation and exhalation are alternated between the left and right nostrils, used to calm the mind and balance breathing.

Energy value of fat

Fat supplies about 9 kilocalories per gram, compared with 4 kilocalories per gram for both carbohydrate and protein, making it the most energy-dense macronutrient.

Carbohydrate loading

A strategy of increasing carbohydrate intake and tapering training in the days before an endurance event to maximise muscle glycogen stores.

Overuse injury

An injury such as shin splints, tendinitis, or a stress fracture that develops from repeated stress without adequate rest and recovery between training sessions.

Pre-event meal

A meal high in carbohydrate and low in fat and fibre, eaten two to three hours before competition to top up glycogen without causing stomach discomfort.

NSQF levels

The National Skills Qualifications Framework grades skills from level 1 to level 10, with higher levels indicating greater complexity and autonomy.

Sports management

The business side of sport, covering event planning, sponsorship, marketing, facility management, finance, and representation of athletes.

Break-even analysis

A calculation of the sales or membership level at which total revenue equals total cost, so the sports business neither profits nor loses.

Sports entrepreneurship

Starting and running sport-related ventures such as gyms, academies, sports goods shops, event companies, and online coaching services.

Curl-up technique

A test of abdominal endurance performed lying on the back with knees at 90 degrees, lifting the shoulder blades off the mat while hands stay at the sides or chest.

Sit-and-reach test

A flexibility test in which the candidate sits with knees straight and feet flat against a box, reaching forward and holding the position for two seconds.

Push-up body alignment

In a correct push-up the body stays straight from head to heels, elbows bend to about 90 degrees, and the chest lowers close to the floor.

Shuttle run turning

A test of speed and agility in which the candidate must touch each line with a foot and turn low, since approaching without touching is not counted.