Maharashtra SSC Sindhi L2/L3 (MSBSHSE) key terms

The Sindhi language itself, an Indo-Aryan tongue written in the Perso-Arabic script in Maharashtra textbooks; the subject of this exam paper.

The Sindhi alphabet, a set of 52 letters in the Perso-Arabic script, including extra letters for retroflex and aspirated sounds used in Sindhi.

A single written letter or character of the Sindhi script, the smallest unit used when spelling a word aloud or writing it.

A word; a meaningful unit of Sindhi made of one or more letters, used as the base for grammar, spelling and vocabulary questions.

A sentence in Sindhi, a group of words arranged to express a complete thought, with the verb normally placed at the end.

A noun or name word in Sindhi grammar, naming a person, place, thing or idea, such as ڪتاب (book) or شهر (city).

A pronoun in Sindhi, a word that stands in place of a noun, such as آئون (I), تون (you) or هو (he).

An adjective in Sindhi, a word that describes or qualifies a noun, such as سٺو (good) or وڏو (big).

A verb in Sindhi, the word that shows action or state and normally appears at the end of the sentence, carrying tense and person.

Grammatical tense in Sindhi, showing whether an action happens in the past, present or future, each with its own verb forms.

The present tense in Sindhi grammar, used for actions happening now or habitual actions, formed with present-tense verb endings.

The past tense in Sindhi grammar, used for actions already completed, marked by past verb forms and agreement with the subject.

Grammatical number in Sindhi, showing whether a noun or verb is singular (واحد) or plural (جمع), which affects verb agreement.

Grammatical gender in Sindhi, the classification of nouns as masculine or feminine, which determines the form of adjectives and verbs used with them.

The Sindhi term for a verb phrase or predicative word group; also used for the action word that completes a sentence with its object.

Reading; the skill of understanding a written Sindhi text, tested through an unseen passage followed by comprehension questions.

A passage or paragraph of prose given in the exam for reading and comprehension, usually followed by questions on its content.

Meaning; the sense of a word, phrase or passage, central to vocabulary and comprehension questions asking what a line conveys.

A synonym; a word having the same or nearly the same meaning as another, a common vocabulary item in Sindhi language papers.

An antonym; a word with the opposite meaning of another, such as اونڌو (high) against هيٺ (low), tested in vocabulary exercises.

An idiom in Sindhi, a fixed expression whose meaning is not literal, such as اکيون ڦيرڻ, and often asked with its usage in a sentence.

A proverb in Sindhi, a short traditional saying carrying folk wisdom, tested for meaning and appropriate use in a sentence.

Writing; the composition skill covering letters, essays and applied writing, assessed for structure, relevance and correct Sindhi usage.

A letter; a formal or informal written message in Sindhi, with proper salutation, body and closing, set as a composition task.

An application; a formal written request in Sindhi, usually addressed to an authority in a set format, tested under applied writing.

An essay; a structured piece of writing in Sindhi on a given topic, with introduction, body paragraphs and conclusion, set in the composition section.

A poem; a piece of prescribed Sindhi poetry studied in the textbook, tested for theme, poet and explanation of lines.

A poet; the author of a prescribed Sindhi poem, whose name and contribution candidates are expected to know for the poetry section.

A stanza or verse paragraph of a poem, used when referring to specific lines of a prescribed Sindhi poem for explanation.

A lesson; a prescribed prose chapter from the Sindhi textbook, studied for its theme, characters and message.

A short story; a narrative prose form in the prescribed textbook, analysed for plot, characters and moral or social message.

An author or writer; the person who wrote a prescribed prose lesson, whose name may be asked in the textbook-content section.

Translation; converting a passage between Sindhi and Marathi or English while keeping the meaning, tested as a separate skill.

Rapid reading; reading a short Sindhi passage quickly to answer questions within limited time, testing speed with comprehension.

Listening; the aural skill of understanding spoken Sindhi, tested through oral questions, dictation or comprehension of a read-aloud passage.

Speaking; the oral skill of expressing oneself in Sindhi, tested through reading aloud, recitation and short oral answers.

Pronunciation; the correct way of saying Sindhi words, including aspirated and retroflex sounds, assessed in oral and reading tasks.

The structure of a language; the system of sounds, word forms and sentence patterns in Sindhi studied under grammar.