Maharashtra Police PSI cheat sheet

Maharashtra has 36 districts, divided into 6 revenue divisions: Konkan, Nashik, Pune, Aurangabad (Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar), Amravati and Nagpur.

The Bombay High Court's principal seat is in Mumbai; permanent benches sit at Nagpur and Aurangabad (Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar), and the Panaji bench covers Goa.

Maharashtra legislature is bicameral: Legislative Assembly (288 seats) and Legislative Council (78 seats); the Council is a continuing house with one-third members retiring every two years.

The Tropic of Cancer passes through Maharashtra, roughly through Dhule, Jalgaon, Buldhana and Nagpur districts.

Godavari is the longest river of peninsular India; it rises at Trimbakeshwar in Nashik district and drains into the Bay of Bengal.

Maharashtra's state animal is the Indian giant squirrel, state bird is the yellow-footed green pigeon and state tree is mango.

The Reserve Bank of India was established on 1 April 1935 under the RBI Act, 1934, and was nationalised on 1 January 1949.

Current-affairs anchors to track: Union Budget, Economic Survey, RBI monetary policy statements, Census/NFHS data, and Supreme Court Constitution Bench judgments.

CrPC classification of offences: cognizable/non-cognizable under Section 2(c), bailable/non-bailable under Section 2(a), and summons/warrant cases under Section 2(w) and 2(x).

Section 154 CrPC requires information relating to a cognizable offence to be recorded in writing, read over to the informant and signed by him; Section 157 requires forthwith report to the Magistrate.

Section 41 CrPC empowers arrest without warrant only on the specified grounds; Section 41A notice of appearance is the rule where arrest is not necessary; Section 46(1) proviso restricts arrest of a woman after sunset and before sunrise.

Section 161 CrPC examination of witnesses by police does not require oath; statements under Section 161 are not evidence but may be used under Section 162 to contradict a prosecution witness.

Section 167 CrPC: if investigation cannot be completed in 24 hours, the accused is forwarded to the Magistrate, with detention authorised up to 15 days at a time and up to 90 days (offences punishable with death, life or 10+ years) or 60 days otherwise.

Section 300 CrPC bars a second trial for the same offence; Sections 300 and 26 of the Evidence Act together embody the double-jeopardy rule and its exception for a distinct offence disclosed by the same facts.

Evidence Act Sections 25, 26 and 27: no confession to a police officer is proved; a confession in police custody is inadmissible unless made in the immediate presence of a Magistrate; Section 27 admits so much of the information as leads distinctly to a fact discovered.

Evidence Act Section 32 covers dying declarations and other statements of persons who are dead or cannot be produced; Section 60 requires oral evidence to be direct.

Syllogism validity depends on the figure and mood of the premises, not on the truth of the statements; conclusions must follow in every possible Venn arrangement.

For blood relations, draw a family tree with fixed symbols: vertical line for parent-child, horizontal double line for marriage, and sign for gender; never assume gender without a term like 'son', 'daughter', 'sister' or 'wife'.

Direction sense: rotate clockwise for right turns and anticlockwise for left turns; use Pythagoras to find the shortest distance after two perpendicular displacements.

Series completion: check successive differences, then ratios, then squares/cubes and alternating (+n, -n) patterns before assuming a single rule.

Coding-decoding: test letter-position shifts (A=1 to Z=26), reverse-position (A=26 to Z=1), and word-reversal before assuming substitution.

Seating arrangement: fix the most constrained person first (corner or facing-specific clue), then place others; for circular arrangements facing the centre, left means clockwise and right means anticlockwise.

Ranking: total = (rank from top + rank from bottom) − 1; number between two persons = difference of ranks − 1.

Calendar and clock: odd days repeat every 400 years = 0, 100 years = 5, 200 years = 3, 300 years = 1; the hands of a clock coincide 11 times in 12 hours.

Marathi समास types: अव्ययीभाव (first member is indeclinable, e.g. प्रतिदिन), तत्पुरुष (second member dominant), कर्मधारय (adjective + noun), द्विगु (first member is a numeral), द्वंद्व (both members coordinate) and बहुव्रीहि (neither member dominant; refers to a third entity).

Marathi संधी: स्वरसंधी joins two vowels (e.g. विद्या + अर्थी = विद्यार्थी), व्यंजनसंधी joins a consonant and vowel, and विसर्गसंधी involves a visarga.

Marathi वाक्प्रचार are idiomatic phrases whose meaning differs from the literal words; identifying the idiomatic sense, not word-by-word translation, is the tested skill.

Marathi म्हणी (proverbs) are complete sentences carrying folk wisdom; they differ from वाक्प्रचार, which are phrases used as sentence parts.

English spotting-errors: check subject-verb agreement, article use, preposition collocation, tense sequence and parallelism in that order.

English idioms and phrases must be replaced by their idiomatic meaning, not their literal reading, in fill-in-the-blank items.

Active to passive: object becomes subject, verb becomes be + past participle, and the original subject moves to a by-phrase; intransitive verbs cannot be passivised.

Direct to indirect speech: change the reporting verb, shift tense one step back when the reporting verb is past, and adjust pronouns and time/place words (now to then, here to there, tomorrow to the next day).