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NVS TGT study materials
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NVS TGT practice questions

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Question 1Subject Knowledge (concerned teaching subject)

In a TGT Mathematics classroom, a teacher introduces the statement 'the sum of the interior angles of a triangle is 180°'. Which type of reasoning is the teacher demonstrating when deriving this from the parallel postulate?

  1. Inductive reasoning, because many triangles were measured and the pattern generalised
  2. Analogical reasoning, because a triangle resembles other polygons
  3. Deductive reasoning, because the conclusion follows necessarily from accepted premises Correct answer.
  4. Intuitive reasoning, because the result is visually obvious

Explanation

Deductive reasoning moves from general accepted premises (the parallel postulate and angle properties) to a conclusion that must follow necessarily. Measuring many triangles would be induction, which supports but does not prove the statement.

Question 2Subject Knowledge (concerned teaching subject)

A teacher wants students to understand that 0.25 and 1/4 represent the same quantity. Which pedagogical term best describes connecting these two representations?

  1. Drill and practice
  2. Rote memorisation
  3. Summative assessment
  4. Multiple representations Correct answer.

Explanation

Multiple representations involve presenting the same mathematical idea as a fraction, decimal, percentage, diagram or verbal statement so learners build flexible understanding. Rote memorisation and drill focus on repetition rather than linking representations.

Question 3Subject Knowledge (concerned teaching subject)

Which of the following is the correct IUPAC name of the compound CH3-CH(CH3)-CH2-OH?

  1. 2-methylpropan-1-ol Correct answer.
  2. butan-2-ol
  3. 1-methylpropan-2-ol
  4. 2-methylpropan-2-ol

Explanation

The longest chain containing the hydroxyl carbon has three carbons, so the parent is propanol. Numbering starts from the end nearer the -OH group, placing -OH at C1 and the methyl branch at C2, giving 2-methylpropan-1-ol.

Question 4Subject Knowledge (concerned teaching subject)

A student writes 'The flowers in the garden was blooming brightly.' Which grammatical error should the teacher mark?

  1. Article misuse: 'the garden' needs 'a garden'
  2. Subject-verb agreement: the plural subject 'flowers' needs 'were' Correct answer.
  3. Adverb form: 'brightly' should be 'bright'
  4. Tense inconsistency: 'blooming' should be 'bloom'

Explanation

The grammatical subject is the plural noun 'flowers', so the verb must be plural: 'were blooming'. The intervening prepositional phrase 'in the garden' does not change the number of the subject.

Question 5Subject Knowledge (concerned teaching subject)

In the human digestive system, which structure is the primary site of absorption of digested nutrients?

  1. Stomach
  2. Oesophagus
  3. Small intestine Correct answer.
  4. Large intestine

Explanation

The small intestine has villi and microvilli that greatly increase surface area, and most absorption of sugars, amino acids and fatty acids occurs there. The stomach mainly churns and begins protein digestion, while the large intestine chiefly absorbs water and salts.

Question 6Subject Knowledge (concerned teaching subject)

Which of the following best describes the role of a 'learning objective' in a lesson plan?

  1. A record of marks obtained by students in a test
  2. A list of activities the teacher will conduct during the lesson
  3. A summary of the textbook chapter to be covered
  4. A precise statement of what learners should be able to do by the end of the lesson Correct answer.

Explanation

A learning objective states observable learner outcomes, usually with an action verb and a criterion, so that teaching and assessment can be aligned to it. Activities, content coverage and marks are means or records, not statements of intended learning.

Question 7Subject Knowledge (concerned teaching subject)

A shopkeeper marks an article at ₹800 and allows a discount of 15%. What is the selling price?

  1. ₹700
  2. ₹680 Correct answer.
  3. ₹760
  4. ₹720

Explanation

A discount of 15% on the marked price is 0.15 × 800 = ₹120. Subtracting from the marked price gives 800 − 120 = ₹680.

Question 8Subject Knowledge (concerned teaching subject)

Which of the following is a chemical change rather than a physical change?

  1. Dissolving sugar in water
  2. Melting of ice into water
  3. Rusting of iron in moist air Correct answer.
  4. Breaking of glass into pieces

Explanation

Rusting forms a new substance, hydrated iron(III) oxide, with different properties, so it is a chemical change. Melting, dissolving and breaking alter only physical state or size without producing new substances.

Question 9Subject Knowledge (concerned teaching subject)

In a class, a teacher uses a concept map to show how 'photosynthesis', 'chlorophyll', 'sunlight' and 'glucose' are related. What is the main cognitive benefit of this strategy?

  1. It guarantees higher marks in the terminal examination
  2. It reduces the amount of content the teacher must explain
  3. It replaces the need for laboratory demonstrations
  4. It helps learners organise relationships among concepts for meaningful learning Correct answer.

Explanation

Concept maps make hierarchical and cross-links between ideas explicit, which supports meaningful learning and retrieval. They supplement rather than replace explanation, practical work or assessment.

Question 10Subject Knowledge (concerned teaching subject)

In a TGT Science class, a teacher asks students to predict what happens when an iron nail is placed in copper sulphate solution. Which level of the revised Bloom's taxonomy does 'predict' primarily represent?

  1. Applying Correct answer.
  2. Creating
  3. Remembering
  4. Understanding

Explanation

Predicting requires the learner to use a known principle, metal reactivity, in a new specific situation, which is the applying level. Remembering would be recalling the reactivity series, while creating would involve producing an original design or product.

Question 11Subject Knowledge (concerned teaching subject)

Which of the following is a valid assessment tool for measuring a learner's ability to design and conduct a simple experiment?

  1. A multiple-choice test on experimental terminology
  2. A spelling test of laboratory equipment names
  3. A written essay on the history of the scientific method
  4. A rubric-scored practical observation with defined performance criteria Correct answer.

Explanation

Designing and conducting an experiment is a performance skill, so it must be assessed by observing the process against explicit criteria in a rubric. Paper tests of terminology, history or spelling measure knowledge, not procedural competence.

Question 12Subject Knowledge (concerned teaching subject)

A teacher notices that a learner consistently reverses letters and struggles to decode unfamiliar words in English. Which difficulty should the teacher primarily investigate?

  1. Dyspraxia affecting motor coordination
  2. Dysgraphia affecting handwriting only
  3. Dyscalculia affecting number sense
  4. Dyslexia affecting phonological decoding Correct answer.

Explanation

Letter reversal, slow decoding and difficulty with unfamiliar words are classic signs of dyslexia, a specific difficulty in phonological processing and word reading. Dyscalculia concerns number, dyspraxia concerns motor planning, and dysgraphia concerns writing production.

Question 13Subject Knowledge (concerned teaching subject)

Which of the following best explains why a teacher should use formative assessment during a unit rather than only a terminal examination?

  1. It reduces the total number of assessments required by the syllabus
  2. It produces a final grade that can be reported to parents
  3. It provides ongoing feedback that lets the teacher adjust instruction before the unit ends Correct answer.
  4. It ranks learners so that seating can be arranged by ability

Explanation

Formative assessment is designed to generate feedback during learning so that teaching can be modified in response to evidence of understanding. Terminal examinations and ranking serve summative or administrative purposes instead.

Question 14Subject Knowledge (concerned teaching subject)

A TGT teacher wants to teach the concept of 'density' so that learners construct the idea themselves. Which sequence best reflects an inquiry approach?

  1. Learners memorise the definition of density from the textbook and recite it
  2. The teacher demonstrates once while learners copy the derivation silently
  3. The teacher writes the formula d = m/V and learners solve ten numerical problems
  4. Learners measure mass and volume of objects, compare ratios, and formulate a definition of density Correct answer.

Explanation

Inquiry learning begins with exploration of phenomena, here measuring mass and volume, and leads learners to identify a pattern and construct the concept. Stating the formula first or requiring memorisation reverses the intended inductive sequence.

Question 15Subject Knowledge (concerned teaching subject)

Which of the following is the most appropriate use of a diagnostic test at the beginning of an academic year?

  1. To assign final grades for the previous year's syllabus
  2. To compare the school's results with other schools
  3. To decide which learners should be promoted to the next class
  4. To identify learners' existing misconceptions and prerequisite gaps before teaching Correct answer.

Explanation

A diagnostic test maps prior knowledge, misconceptions and missing prerequisites so that instruction can be planned accordingly. Grading, inter-school comparison and promotion decisions are summative or administrative functions.

Question 16Subject Knowledge (concerned teaching subject)

A projectile is launched at 20 m/s at 30° to the horizontal. Taking g = 10 m/s², what is its maximum height?

  1. 20 m
  2. 10 m
  3. 40 m
  4. 5 m Correct answer.

Explanation

The vertical component is 20 sin30° = 10 m/s. Maximum height is u_y²/(2g) = 100/20 = 5 m. The horizontal component does not affect the maximum height.

Question 17Subject Knowledge (concerned teaching subject)

A teacher asks: 'Why does a person feel lighter in water than in air?' Which response shows the deepest conceptual understanding?

  1. Water is less dense than the human body, so gravity acts less strongly
  2. Water pressure pushes equally on all sides, so weight disappears
  3. The buoyant force of the displaced water acts upward and reduces the apparent weight Correct answer.
  4. The body's mass decreases when it is immersed in water

Explanation

Apparent weight decreases because the buoyant upthrust equals the weight of the displaced fluid and opposes gravity. Mass and gravitational field strength are unchanged, so the body does not actually become lighter.

Question 18Subject Knowledge (concerned teaching subject)

In English, identify the sentence that uses the past perfect tense correctly to show an action completed before another past action.

  1. She has finished her homework before the guests arrived.
  2. She had finished her homework before the guests arrived. Correct answer.
  3. She finishes her homework before the guests arrived.
  4. She finished her homework before the guests arrived.

Explanation

The past perfect 'had finished' marks the earlier of two past events, with the simple past 'arrived' marking the later one. The simple past can sometimes replace it, but only the past perfect explicitly encodes the earlier completion.

Question 19Subject Knowledge (concerned teaching subject)

A student claims that a method of teaching a language should focus only on grammar rules and translation. Which approach is being described, and what is its main limitation?

  1. Grammar-translation method; it develops accuracy in rules but weak oral fluency Correct answer.
  2. Communicative approach; it neglects written accuracy entirely
  3. Direct method; it forbids the use of the mother tongue and fails in large classes
  4. Task-based approach; it produces fluency but ignores grammar

Explanation

The grammar-translation method emphasises explicit rules and translation, producing accuracy in written work but limited spoken fluency. The other named approaches differ in their core principles and are not defined by rule-and-translation instruction.

Question 20Subject Knowledge (concerned teaching subject)

In a social science class, a teacher compares the Indian Constitution's fundamental rights with the Directive Principles of State Policy. Which distinction is correct?

  1. Fundamental rights are advisory, whereas directive principles are enforceable
  2. Directive principles are available only to citizens, whereas fundamental rights apply to all persons
  3. Fundamental rights are justiciable, whereas directive principles are not enforceable in courts Correct answer.
  4. Both are enforceable only during a national emergency

Explanation

Fundamental rights in Part III are enforceable through writs in the courts, while the Directive Principles in Part IV are guidelines for state policy and are not directly justiciable. Some fundamental rights apply to all persons, not only citizens.

Question 21Subject Knowledge (concerned teaching subject)

A teacher asks learners to evaluate two historical interpretations of the same event and justify which is better supported by evidence. Which cognitive demand is being assessed?

  1. Application of a formula
  2. Analysis and evaluation of sources Correct answer.
  3. Comprehension of a single textbook passage
  4. Recall of dates and names

Explanation

Comparing interpretations and judging them against evidence requires analysis of sources and evaluative judgement, higher-order historical thinking. Recall, simple comprehension and formula application do not involve weighing competing accounts.

Question 22Subject Knowledge (concerned teaching subject)

A teacher uses a 'think-pair-share' strategy in a large class. What is the main pedagogical rationale for the 'pair' stage?

  1. It reduces the syllabus content that must be covered
  2. It allows the teacher to complete administrative work during the lesson
  3. It ensures that only confident learners speak to the whole class
  4. It gives each learner rehearsal time to articulate ideas before public sharing Correct answer.

Explanation

The pair stage provides low-stakes rehearsal in which learners articulate and refine their thinking with a peer before sharing publicly, increasing participation and quality of responses. It is not an administrative pause or a way to reduce content.

Question 23Subject Knowledge (concerned teaching subject)

A right circular cylinder has radius 7 cm and height 10 cm. Using π = 22/7, what is its total surface area?

  1. 616 cm²
  2. 440 cm²
  3. 748 cm² Correct answer.
  4. 308 cm²

Explanation

Total surface area is 2πr(r + h) = 2 × (22/7) × 7 × (7 + 10) = 44 × 17 = 748 cm². The curved surface alone is 2πrh = 440 cm², and the two circular ends together add 308 cm².

Question 24Subject Knowledge (concerned teaching subject)

A bag contains 5 red and 3 blue balls. Two balls are drawn without replacement. What is the probability that both are red?

  1. 5/8
  2. 5/14 Correct answer.
  3. 10/28
  4. 25/64

Explanation

The probability of a red first is 5/8, and given that, red second is 4/7. Multiplying gives (5/8) × (4/7) = 20/56 = 5/14. Drawing without replacement changes the denominator and numerator for the second draw.

Question 25Subject Knowledge (concerned teaching subject)

In a class, the mean score is 60 and the standard deviation is 5. If every student's score is increased by 10, what are the new mean and standard deviation?

  1. Mean 70, standard deviation 5 Correct answer.
  2. Mean 70, standard deviation 10
  3. Mean 70, standard deviation 15
  4. Mean 60, standard deviation 15

Explanation

Adding a constant shifts every score and the mean by that constant, so the mean becomes 70. Deviations from the mean are unchanged, so the standard deviation remains 5; only multiplicative scaling changes spread.

Question 26Subject Knowledge (concerned teaching subject)

In a TGT English lesson on word formation, which pair correctly illustrates the difference between an inflectional and a derivational affix?

  1. happy → unhappy (inflectional) and walk → walking (derivational)
  2. book → books (derivational) and kind → kindly (inflectional)
  3. walk → walked (inflectional) and happy → happiness (derivational) Correct answer.
  4. quick → quickly (inflectional) and cat → cats (derivational)

Explanation

Inflectional affixes change grammatical form of the same lexeme without altering its word class, as in walk → walked. Derivational affixes create a new lexeme and often change word class, as in happy (adjective) → happiness (noun).

Question 27Subject Knowledge (concerned teaching subject)

A TGT Mathematics teacher writes the set A = {x : x is an even prime number}. Which statement about A is correct?

  1. A is a singleton set whose only element is 2 Correct answer.
  2. A is the empty set because no prime is even
  3. A contains 2 and 4 as its elements
  4. A is an infinite set of all even numbers

Explanation

The only even prime number is 2, since every other even number greater than 2 is divisible by 2 and hence composite. Therefore A = {2}, which is a singleton set.

Question 28Subject Knowledge (concerned teaching subject)

In a TGT Science class, learners observe that a balloon rubbed on wool sticks to a wall. Which explanation best fits the observation?

  1. Air pressure inside the balloon decreases and suction holds it
  2. Friction transfers electrons, creating a static charge that induces an opposite charge on the wall Correct answer.
  3. The wool melts slightly and acts as an adhesive
  4. The balloon becomes magnetised and attracts iron in the wall

Explanation

Rubbing transfers electrons between wool and balloon, leaving the balloon charged. This static charge polarises the wall surface, producing an electrostatic attraction.

Question 29Subject Knowledge (concerned teaching subject)

A TGT Social Science teacher explains that the Indian Constitution separates powers among three organs. Which pairing of organ and function is correct?

  1. Legislature adjudicates disputes and the executive amends the Constitution
  2. Executive interprets laws and the judiciary enacts them
  3. Legislature makes laws, executive implements them, judiciary adjudicates them Correct answer.
  4. Judiciary enacts laws and the legislature interprets them

Explanation

The doctrine of separation of powers assigns law-making to the legislature, implementation to the executive, and adjudication to the judiciary. This division is reflected in Articles 79, 53 and 124 broadly.

Question 30Subject Knowledge (concerned teaching subject)

A TGT Hindi teacher wants learners to distinguish between 'तत्सम' and 'तद्भव' words. Which pair correctly illustrates the distinction?

  1. दूध (तत्सम) and दुग्ध (तद्भव)
  2. अग्नि (तद्भव) and आग (तत्सम)
  3. हाथ (तत्सम) and हस्त (तद्भव)
  4. अग्नि (तत्सम) and आग (तद्भव) Correct answer.

Explanation

तत्सम words retain their Sanskrit form, such as अग्नि, while तद्भव words are evolved Hindi forms, such as आग. The pair अग्नि–आग correctly shows this relationship.

Question 31Subject Knowledge (concerned teaching subject)

A TGT Mathematics teacher asks: if f(x) = 2x + 3, what is f⁻¹(7)?

  1. 17
  2. 2 Correct answer.
  3. 5
  4. 10

Explanation

Set 2x + 3 = 7, giving 2x = 4 and x = 2. Since f is one-one and onto on the reals, the inverse value is 2.

Question 32Subject Knowledge (concerned teaching subject)

In a TGT Science class, a learner asks why a clinical thermometer has a constriction near the bulb. Which explanation is correct?

  1. It increases the boiling point of mercury
  2. It stops mercury from flowing back into the bulb before the reading is taken Correct answer.
  3. It makes the thermometer suitable for measuring very high temperatures
  4. It prevents mercury from expanding too fast

Explanation

The narrow constriction allows mercury to pass when expanding but prevents it from returning immediately when the bulb cools. This lets the user read the temperature after removing the thermometer.

Question 33Subject Knowledge (concerned teaching subject)

A TGT English teacher analyses the sentence 'Had the students revised, they would have scored better.' Which grammatical description is accurate?

  1. A third conditional using inversion instead of 'if' Correct answer.
  2. A second conditional expressing a present hypothetical
  3. A mixed conditional with a present result
  4. A first conditional with present unreal meaning

Explanation

The sentence expresses an unreal past condition with 'would have + past participle' in the main clause and past perfect in the conditional clause. Inversion of 'had' replaces 'if', producing a third conditional.

Question 34Subject Knowledge (concerned teaching subject)

A TGT Social Science teacher discusses the Green Revolution in India. Which statement about its primary impact is most accurate?

  1. It replaced all traditional crops with plantation crops
  2. It reduced dependence on chemical fertilisers across India
  3. It mainly increased wheat and rice output in irrigated regions using high-yielding varieties Correct answer.
  4. It eliminated regional disparities in agricultural productivity

Explanation

The Green Revolution introduced high-yielding varieties, irrigation and inputs, sharply raising wheat and rice production, especially in Punjab, Haryana and western Uttar Pradesh. It did not remove regional disparities.

Question 35Subject Knowledge (concerned teaching subject)

In a TGT Mathematics class, the teacher gives the data set 4, 6, 8, 10, 12. What is the standard deviation of the set?

  1. √8 Correct answer.
  2. 4
  3. 2
  4. 8

Explanation

The mean is 8 and the squared deviations are 16, 4, 0, 4, 16, summing to 40. The variance is 40/5 = 8, so the standard deviation is √8.

Question 36Subject Knowledge (concerned teaching subject)

A TGT Science teacher explains why a convex lens can form a real image. Which statement best describes the underlying principle?

  1. It converges parallel rays to a focal point by refraction Correct answer.
  2. It absorbs light and re-emits it from a focal point
  3. It reflects parallel rays to a focus by total internal reflection
  4. It diverges parallel rays so they appear to meet behind the lens

Explanation

A convex lens is thicker at the centre and refracts parallel rays so they converge at the principal focus. A real image forms when rays actually meet after passing through the lens.

Question 37Subject Knowledge (concerned teaching subject)

A TGT English teacher wants to teach the difference between 'affect' and 'effect'. Which sentence uses the pair correctly?

  1. The new policy will effect the students' daily routine and have a positive affect
  2. The new policy will affect the students' routine and have a positive effect Correct answer.
  3. The new policy will effect the students' routine and have a positive effect
  4. The new policy will affect the students' routine and have a positive affect

Explanation

'Affect' is normally a verb meaning to influence, while 'effect' is normally a noun meaning a result. The sentence correctly uses affect as the verb and effect as the noun.

Question 38Subject Knowledge (concerned teaching subject)

A TGT Social Science teacher explains the concept of 'federalism' in the Indian context. Which feature best supports a federal structure?

  1. Appointment of all state governors by the Chief Justice of India
  2. Division of powers between the Union and States listed in the Seventh Schedule Correct answer.
  3. A single constitution with no division of powers
  4. Uniform laws for all states without any state-specific provisions

Explanation

The Seventh Schedule contains the Union, State and Concurrent Lists, dividing legislative authority between the two levels of government. This division is a core federal feature of the Indian Constitution.

Question 39Subject Knowledge (concerned teaching subject)

A TGT Mathematics teacher asks learners to find the value of the determinant of a 2×2 matrix [[3, 4], [2, 5]]. What is the result?

  1. 15
  2. 7 Correct answer.
  3. 23
  4. -7

Explanation

For a 2×2 matrix [[a, b], [c, d]], the determinant is ad − bc. Here it is (3 × 5) − (4 × 2) = 15 − 8 = 7.

Question 40Subject Knowledge (concerned teaching subject)

A TGT Science teacher demonstrates that ammonium chloride sublimes on heating. Which change does this illustrate?

  1. Combustion in the presence of oxygen
  2. Physical change from solid directly to vapour
  3. Chemical decomposition into two new substances Correct answer.
  4. Neutralisation of an acid by a base

Explanation

Ammonium chloride decomposes on heating into ammonia and hydrogen chloride, which recombine on cooling. This is a chemical change because new substances form, even though the process is reversible.

Question 41Subject Knowledge (concerned teaching subject)

A TGT English teacher uses a task where learners read two newspaper reports on the same event and identify differing viewpoints. Which skill is being primarily assessed?

  1. Literal comprehension of factual details
  2. Phonological awareness
  3. Handwriting fluency
  4. Critical reading and evaluation of bias Correct answer.

Explanation

Comparing two accounts of the same event requires learners to detect slant, bias and selection of facts. This assesses critical reading rather than mere literal recall.

Question 42Subject Knowledge (concerned teaching subject)

A TGT Social Science teacher explains the term 'sustainable development'. Which definition is most accurate?

  1. Development measured only by a country's GDP growth rate
  2. Development that meets present needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet theirs Correct answer.
  3. Development that halts all industrial growth to protect the environment
  4. Development that prioritises urban infrastructure over rural areas

Explanation

The Brundtland Report defines sustainable development as meeting present needs without compromising future generations' ability to meet their own. It balances economic, social and environmental concerns.

Question 43Subject Knowledge (concerned teaching subject)

A TGT Mathematics teacher asks: what is the sum of the first 20 terms of an arithmetic progression with first term 3 and common difference 4?

  1. 820 Correct answer.
  2. 760
  3. 840
  4. 800

Explanation

Using Sₙ = n/2 [2a + (n − 1)d], the sum is 10 × [6 + 19 × 4] = 10 × [6 + 76] = 10 × 82 = 820.

Question 44Subject Knowledge (concerned teaching subject)

In a TGT Science class, learners are asked why a person with myopia cannot see distant objects clearly. Which explanation is correct?

  1. The cornea stops refracting light entirely
  2. The image of a distant object forms in front of the retina Correct answer.
  3. The retina is insensitive to light from distant objects
  4. The eye lens becomes too weak and focuses behind the retina

Explanation

In myopia (short-sightedness), the eye lens is too convergent or the eyeball is too long, so parallel rays from a distant object focus in front of the retina. A concave lens corrects this.

Question 45Subject Knowledge (concerned teaching subject)

A TGT Hindi teacher asks learners to identify the 'रस' in the line where a lover eagerly awaits a beloved's arrival and feels restless. Which रस is predominant?

  1. हास्य रस
  2. शृंगार रस Correct answer.
  3. करुण रस
  4. वीर रस

Explanation

शृंगार रस arises from the emotion of love and attraction between lovers, expressed through longing and anticipation. The described situation centres on love, so शृंगार is the sthayi bhava.

Question 46Subject Knowledge (concerned teaching subject)

A TGT Social Science teacher asks why the Revolt of 1857 is often called the First War of Indian Independence. Which reason best justifies the label?

  1. It was the first movement that united soldiers, peasants and rulers across large parts of India against British rule Correct answer.
  2. It was the first movement led exclusively by the Indian National Congress
  3. It was the first movement that demanded complete independence through constitutional means
  4. It was the first revolt that succeeded in ending British rule

Explanation

The revolt brought together sepoys, peasants, artisans and several rulers in a broad anti-British uprising, which is why some historians call it the First War of Indian Independence. It did not succeed or involve the Congress.

Question 47Subject Knowledge (concerned teaching subject)

A TGT Mathematics teacher asks: if the roots of x² − 5x + 6 = 0 are α and β, what is α² + β²?

  1. 5
  2. 25
  3. 11
  4. 13 Correct answer.

Explanation

Here α + β = 5 and αβ = 6. Then α² + β² = (α + β)² − 2αβ = 25 − 12 = 13.

Question 48Subject Knowledge (concerned teaching subject)

A TGT Science teacher asks learners to compare the pH of lemon juice, pure water and soap solution. Which ordering is correct?

  1. Soap solution < pure water < lemon juice
  2. Lemon juice < soap solution < pure water
  3. Lemon juice < pure water < soap solution Correct answer.
  4. Pure water < lemon juice < soap solution

Explanation

Lemon juice is acidic (pH about 2–3), pure water is neutral (pH 7), and soap solution is basic (pH about 9–10). Therefore the pH increases in the order lemon juice < water < soap solution.

Question 49Subject Knowledge (concerned teaching subject)

A TGT English teacher wants to develop learners' inferential reading. Which classroom task best serves this purpose?

  1. Asking learners to read the passage aloud with correct pronunciation
  2. Asking learners to state what a character's hesitation in a passage suggests about her feelings Correct answer.
  3. Asking learners to copy all the adjectives from a passage
  4. Asking learners to memorise the spelling of difficult words

Explanation

Inferential reading requires learners to read between the lines and construct meaning not explicitly stated. Interpreting a character's hesitation as an indication of feelings is a clear inference task.

Question 50Subject Knowledge (concerned teaching subject)

A TGT Social Science teacher explains the working of the Election Commission of India. Which statement about its role is correct?

  1. It frames the annual budget for election expenses of political parties
  2. It conducts elections to Parliament, state legislatures and the offices of President and Vice-President Correct answer.
  3. It appoints the Chief Minister after every election
  4. It decides the results of criminal cases against candidates

Explanation

The Election Commission is a constitutional body under Article 324 that superintends and conducts elections to Parliament, state legislatures and the offices of President and Vice-President. It does not adjudicate criminal cases or appoint chief ministers.