PSEB SS Home Science cheat sheet

Home Science: Theory and Practical Components (PSEB)

• Food groups: energy-giving (cereals, fats), body-building (pulses, milk, eggs, meat), protective (fruits, vegetables); a balanced diet draws from all three daily.

• Basal metabolic rate (BMR) is energy for involuntary body functions at rest; total energy need = BMR plus activity cost plus diet-induced thermogenesis.

• Protein-energy malnutrition presents as marasmus (severe wasting, under 1 year) or kwashiorkor (oedema, distended abdomen, 1-3 years); both reflect inadequate protein and energy.

• Deficiency mapping: vitamin A to night blindness, vitamin D to rickets/osteomalacia, iron to anaemia, iodine to goitre, vitamin C to scurvy, thiamine (B1) to beriberi.

• Pasteurisation heats milk to about 63 degrees C for 30 minutes (holding) or 72 degrees C for 15 seconds (HTB); it kills pathogens but is not sterilisation.

• Five-star meal planning rule: adequacy, balance, calorie control, moderation, variety; plan around the family's income, season, and local availability.

• Textile fibre identification: cotton burns with a paper smell leaving soft ash; wool smells of burnt hair and forms a crushable bead; synthetics melt and bead hard.

• Recommended daily allowances are set per age, sex, and physiological state (pregnancy, lactation); adolescent girls and pregnant women have the highest iron needs.

• Practical file work is assessed on observation record, viva, and neat presentation; recipes and experiments must state aim, materials, method, and conclusion.