Punjab PSEB Sr. Sec. NSQF Construction (Painter & Decorator) flashcards

32 cards. Read the term and the definition here. The deck at the top of this page is optional.

Organic vapour respirator

A respirator fitted with an organic-vapour cartridge reduces inhalation of solvent vapours from oil paints, thinners and lacquers; it does not supply oxygen or replace ventilation.

Ladder 4 to 1 rule

For every four units of working height, place the ladder foot one unit out from the wall, giving an angle of about 75 degrees; secure the top and foot.

Solvent rag fire risk

Oily or solvent-soaked rags can self-heat and ignite; place them in a self-closing metal bin, keep away from heat, and dispose of according to local waste rules.

Lead paint wet removal

In older buildings, assume paint may contain lead; avoid dry sanding or burning, and use wet sanding, chemical strippers or HEPA vacuum equipment with suitable PPE.

Natural versus synthetic bristle

Natural bristle brushes suit solvent-borne oil and alkyd paints; synthetic filaments suit water-based emulsions because natural bristles soften and lose shape in water.

Roller nap selection

Short nap of about 3–6 mm suits smooth surfaces, medium nap about 8–12 mm suits normal walls, and long nap about 15–20 mm suits rough masonry or texture.

Airless sprayer tip size

The tip orifice and fan width must match coating viscosity and surface size; a worn or wrong tip causes uneven fan, excessive overspray or poor atomisation.

Two-person panel lift

Long boards, doors and scaffold planks are carried by two people with knees bent, load close to the body, and a clear route; never carry them up a ladder.

Moisture meter substrate check

A moisture meter indicates whether plaster, concrete or wood is dry enough for coating; damp substrates trap water and cause blistering, peeling or efflorescence after painting.

Alkali-resisting primer

A primer resistant to alkaline cement and plaster surfaces prevents saponification of oil or alkyd finishes; it is used on new masonry, concrete and cement render before decoration.

Knotting on resinous wood

Knotting is a shellac or specialist sealer applied over resinous knots before priming; it stops resin bleeding through and discolouring the finished paint film.

Degloss before recoating

Glossy old paint must be washed to remove grease, rinsed, and abraded until dull; this provides a key so the new coating can adhere instead of peeling.

Paint four main components

Paint contains pigment for colour and opacity, binder to form the film, solvent or water as carrier, and additives such as driers, antifoam and preservatives.

Primer undercoat finish roles

Primer bonds to the substrate and seals it, undercoat builds film and gives uniform colour, and finish coat provides colour, sheen and weather resistance.

Alkyd versus acrylic coating

Alkyd is solvent-borne, hard and glossy but yellows and needs solvent clean-up; acrylic is water-borne, flexible and fast-drying with lower odour and easier cleaning.

Two-pack pot life

After mixing base and hardener in the stated ratio, a two-pack coating must be used within its pot life; mixed material that gels or thickens must not be thinned or returned to stock.

Wet film thickness formula

Wet film thickness equals dry film thickness multiplied by 100 and divided by the percentage volume solids; it checks whether enough paint is applied to reach the specified dry film.

Wet edge painting rule

Apply paint so each new brush or roller pass overlaps the still-wet previous pass; if the edge dries, a visible lap mark forms and the section must be recoated.

Spray gun distance

Hold the spray gun about 20–30 cm from the surface, keep it perpendicular, and overlap each pass by about 50 percent; arcing or tilting gives uneven film.

Wallcovering pattern repeat

Pattern repeat is the distance before a design repeats; add one full repeat per drop when estimating, and match straight, offset or reverse patterns at seams.

Wallpaper sizing function

Sizing seals the wall so paste does not soak in too quickly and the paper can slide for matching; it also helps uniform adhesion and later stripping.

Colour washing technique

Colour washing applies thin, translucent glaze over a base coat and manipulates it while wet with brushes, rags or sponges to produce soft broken colour.

Wall area formula

For a rectangular room, wall area equals room perimeter multiplied by wall height minus the area of large openings; ceiling area equals length multiplied by width.

Paint quantity formula

Litres of paint equal total area multiplied by number of coats divided by coverage in square metres per litre; add five to ten percent for waste and touch-up.

Theoretical versus practical coverage

Theoretical coverage assumes a perfectly smooth surface and exact film thickness; practical coverage is lower on rough, porous or textured surfaces and must be taken from the product data.

Active listening check

Repeat the customer's requirement back in your own words and confirm measurements, colours, finishes and timing in writing before buying materials or starting work.

Complaint rectification record

Record the complaint, inspect the defect, identify the cause, agree the remedy, complete rectification and obtain customer sign-off; photographs and dates support the record.

Toolbox talk purpose

A short pre-work briefing communicates today's task, hazards, control measures, PPE and emergency arrangements, and gives workers a chance to raise concerns.

Painting work sequence

The usual sequence is protect the area, clean and repair, prime, apply undercoat, apply finish coats, inspect, touch up, clean and hand over.

Mock-up approval

A sample board or small mock-up is painted with the specified system and approved for colour, sheen and texture before full-scale work begins, reducing disputes.

Efflorescence treatment

Efflorescence is white salt deposit caused by moisture moving through masonry; brush off dry, wash, allow to dry, and apply alkali-resisting primer before painting.

Paint sag rectification

Sags or runs come from overapplication, excessive thinning or a wet surface; allow to dry, sand flat, clean dust and recoat with thinner controlled coats.