RSSB Lab Attendant key terms

The state foundation day celebrated on 30 March, marking the day in 1949 when the princely states of Rajputana were merged into Greater Rajasthan. It is observed with parades, cultural programmes and awards in Jaipur.

A major irrigation canal drawing water from the Harike barrage on the Sutlej and Beas rivers, carrying it across the Thar Desert to districts such as Ganganagar, Hanumangarh, Bikaner and Jaisalmer to support farming and drinking water supply.

The arid region of western Rajasthan and adjoining Pakistan, characterised by sand dunes, scarce rainfall, high evaporation and thorny vegetation. It covers districts including Jaisalmer, Barmer, Bikaner and Churu.

One of the oldest fold mountain systems in the world, running diagonally across Rajasthan from Mount Abu in the south-west towards Delhi in the north-east. It separates the desert west from the wetter eastern plains.

The highest peak of the Aravalli Range, located in Sirohi district of Rajasthan at about 1,722 metres. It is the state's only hill station and is known for the Dilwara Jain temples.

A perennial river originating in the Vindhya range and flowing north-east through Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh before joining the Yamuna. It is known for deep ravines and for crocodile conservation.

The principal river of western Rajasthan, rising near Ajmer and flowing south-west into the Rann of Kachchh. Its water becomes increasingly saline downstream, so it is called the 'salt river'.

A traditional Rajasthani folk dance performed by women in swirling ghagras, especially by the Bhil community and at Rajput weddings. Dancers move in a circle with graceful turns and rhythmic claps.

A dance and song tradition of the Kalbelia snake-charmer community of Rajasthan, recognised by UNESCO as intangible cultural heritage. Women dance in black swirling skirts while men play the pungi and dholak.

An annual livestock and cultural fair held at Pushkar in Ajmer district around Kartik Purnima. It is famous for camel trading, competitions, folk performances and pilgrims bathing in Pushkar Lake.

A Jaipur craft of glazed ceramic ware decorated in cobalt blue, made from quartz powder rather than clay. The technique is believed to have arrived through Persia and is protected under GI registration.

A tie-and-dye textile technique in which cloth is pinched and bound with thread before dyeing to create dotted patterns. It is widely practised in Rajasthan and Gujarat and used for turbans, odhnis and saris.

A way of expressing a number as a part of one hundred. To find what percent A is of B, divide A by B and multiply by 100; used in dilution, marks and data interpretation problems.

A ratio compares two quantities of the same kind; a proportion states that two ratios are equal. Solving proportion problems by cross-multiplication helps in mixing solutions and scaling recipes in a laboratory.

The sum of a set of values divided by the number of values. It is a measure of central tendency and is frequently tested in questions about marks, temperatures and daily readings.

A sequence of numbers that follows a hidden rule, such as adding a fixed value, multiplying, or squaring. Candidates identify the rule to find the missing or wrong term.

A reasoning topic in which words or numbers are written in a coded form according to a rule, and the candidate must either encode a new word or decode a given one using the same rule.

A reasoning topic based on family relationships described in sentences or puzzles. Candidates draw a family tree to determine how two persons are related, taking care with gender and generation clues.

दो वर्णों या शब्दों के मेल से होने वाले परिवर्तन को संधि कहते हैं। जैसे विद्या + आलय = विद्यालय। इसके स्वर, व्यंजन और विसर्ग संधि तीन भेद हैं।

दो या अधिक शब्दों के मेल से बने संक्षिप्त पद को समास कहते हैं। इसके तत्पुरुष, कर्मधारय, द्विगु, द्वंद्व, बहुव्रीहि और अव्ययीभाव भेद हैं।

वह शब्दांश जो किसी शब्द के आरंभ में जुड़कर उसके अर्थ में परिवर्तन या विशेषता लाता है। जैसे 'प्र' + 'गति' = प्रगति।

वह शब्दांश जो किसी शब्द के अंत में जुड़कर नया अर्थ या व्याकरणिक रूप बनाता है। जैसे 'लड़क' + 'पन' = लड़कपन।

ऐसा वाक्यांश जिसका अर्थ शब्दों के सामान्य अर्थ से भिन्न, लाक्षणिक होता है। जैसे 'आँख का तारा' का अर्थ है अत्यंत प्रिय व्यक्ति।

जनसमाज में प्रचलित ऐसी कहावत जो कोई अनुभवजन्य सत्य या सीख व्यक्त करती है। जैसे 'अंधों में काना राजा' अर्थात अयोग्य लोगों में थोड़ा योग्य भी बड़ा माना जाता है।

A word that has the same or nearly the same meaning as another word in the same language, such as 'begin' and 'commence'. Synonym questions test vocabulary breadth and precision of usage.

A word opposite in meaning to another word, such as 'expand' and 'contract'. Antonym questions require knowing exact opposites rather than merely unrelated words.

A fixed expression whose meaning cannot be worked out from the individual words, such as 'to break the ice' meaning to start a conversation. Idiom questions ask for the correct meaning or usage.

The grammatical rule that a verb must match its subject in number and person, as in 'She writes' versus 'They write'. Errors often arise with collective nouns, either/or constructions and intervening phrases.

Voice shows whether the subject performs the action (active: 'The technician cleaned the slides') or receives it (passive: 'The slides were cleaned by the technician'). Passive forms use be plus past participle.

A word placed before a noun or pronoun to show its relation to another word in time, place or direction, such as in, on, at, under, between. Correct choice of preposition is commonly tested.

System software that manages hardware, memory, files and programs and provides a user interface, such as Windows or Linux. It lets application software run and controls devices like printers and keyboards.

Application software that stores data in rows and columns of cells and can calculate results with formulas, such as Microsoft Excel. It is used for records, stock registers and simple data analysis.

Software used to create, edit, format and print text documents, such as Microsoft Word. Features include fonts, tables, spell check and page layout for preparing reports and notices.

A key combination that performs a command quickly without menus, such as Ctrl+C to copy, Ctrl+V to paste, Ctrl+S to save and Ctrl+P to print. Shortcuts improve speed in routine office work.

Gear worn to protect against workplace hazards, including lab coats, gloves, safety goggles, masks and closed footwear. It is the last line of defence and must be worn whenever a procedure requires it.

An enclosed ventilated workstation that draws fumes, vapours and dust away from the user. It is used for handling volatile solvents, acids and hazardous reactions, with the sash kept low while working.

A document supplied with a chemical that lists its hazards, safe handling, storage, first-aid measures, spill response and disposal advice. It should be consulted before using an unfamiliar substance.

A set of absorbent materials, neutralising agents, scoops, bags and protective items kept ready to contain and clean up spilled chemicals safely. Its contents should match the chemicals stored nearby.

An instrument that sterilises equipment and media using saturated steam under pressure, typically at 121 degrees Celsius for about 15 to 20 minutes. It is used for glassware, instruments and waste before disposal.

An optical instrument that magnifies small objects using lenses, with a compound microscope giving magnifications from about 40x to 1000x. It is used to examine cells, microbes and stained slides.

A machine that spins samples at high speed so that particles of different density separate into layers or a pellet and supernatant. Tubes must be balanced in opposite slots before running.

An electronic instrument that measures the acidity or alkalinity of a solution using a glass electrode and a reference electrode. It is calibrated with buffer solutions of known pH before use.

The concentration of a solution expressed as moles of solute per litre of solution, written M. It is used to prepare laboratory reagents, for example one mole of sodium chloride dissolved to one litre gives 1 M solution.

Acids release hydrogen ions in water and turn blue litmus red, while bases release hydroxide ions and turn red litmus blue. Their reaction is neutralisation, forming salt and water.

The process by which green plants use sunlight, carbon dioxide and water to make glucose and release oxygen, with chlorophyll trapping light in chloroplasts. It is the basis of food chains.

The smallest structural and functional unit of living organisms, bounded by a membrane and containing cytoplasm and genetic material. Plant cells additionally have a cell wall and chloroplasts.

Membrane-bound organelles often called the powerhouse of the cell because they produce most of the cell's ATP through aerobic respiration. They are present in both plant and animal cells.

Three laws stating that a body stays at rest or in uniform motion unless acted on by a force, that force equals mass times acceleration, and that every action has an equal and opposite reaction.

A defined standard quantity used to express a physical quantity, such as the metre for length, kilogram for mass, second for time and litre for volume. SI units are used in scientific work.